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Biomedical subjects

L Fruchter

Publications and source records attributed to L Fruchter.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Ordering in Heisenberg spin glasses.

For five different Heisenberg spin glass systems, torque experiments were performed in applied magnetic fields up to 4 T. The Dzyaloshinski-Moriya random anisotropy strengths, the in-field torque onset temperatures, and the torque relaxation were measured. Critical exponents were estimated independently using a standard protocol. The data are strong evidence for a true spin glass ordered state which survives under high applied magnetic fields; they can be interpreted consistently in terms of a chiral ordering model with replica symmetry breaking as proposed by Kawamura and co-workers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Rheumatoid factors from the peripheral blood of two patients with rheumatoid arthritis are genetically heterogeneous and somatically mutated.

We report the DNA sequences of the heavy and light chain immunoglobulin genes of 11 monoclonal rheumatoid factor (RF)-secreting lines derived from the peripheral blood of two patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is evident from immunogenetic analysis of these lines that RA-associated RF activity can arise from a wide variety of heavy and light chain genes and gene combinations. Although the RF response from our two patients shows a bias in gene usage toward those genes used to encode monoclonal RF, particularly VkIII, relatively few of these RFs are reactive with the monoclonal antiidiotypes 6B6.6 and 17.109 that define VkIII germline-encoded light chains and the loss of this idiotypic reactivity is clearly related to somatic mutation. Finally, RFs derived from peripheral blood of RA patients show a similar heterogeneity of epitope binding to Fc as that seen for synovium-derived RF and some are clearly different in binding specificity from the restricted RF population found in patients with B cell malignancies. Somatic mutations as well as different VH/VL combinations contribute to the heterogeneity in the binding patterns of these RA-derived RF.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Colchicine suppression of local inflammation due to calcinosis in dermatomyositis and progressive systemic sclerosis.

Two girls, one with progressive systemic sclerosis and a second with dermatomyositis, developed calcinosis in the skin of the prepatellar area. Calcinosis was accompanied by local inflammation and skin ulceration. Oral colchicine therapy in a dosage of 1 mg per day was followed within two months by significant regression of local inflammation and healing of the skin ulcers.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Acquired immunodeficiency with reversed T4/T8 ratios in infants born to promiscuous and drug-addicted mothers.

A new syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency has been identified in seven children who were small for gestational age at birth and subsequently have exhibited failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy, parotitis, hepatosplenomegaly, interstitial pneumonia, and recurrent infections. All have a profound cell-mediated immunodeficiency with reversed T4/T8 ratios. Six are hypergammaglobulinemic and one has low IgG levels. The mothers of five of the seven children are sexually promiscuous and/or drug addicts. Three mothers have an immunodeficiency similar to that found in their infants. One of them died at age 33 years with a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In five of the children and in three of their mothers, there is evidence of a persistent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. We speculate that a perinatal or in utero transmission of EBV can induce an "infectious immunodeficiency." The clinical, histopathologic, and immunologic features resemble those described in adult homosexuals and drug addicts.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1981

Management of recurrent invasive Haemophilus influenzae infection.

A 4 1/2-month-old infant had three separate episodes of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infection and did not produce antibody to the capsular polysaccharide of H influenzae b. Immunologic evaluation disclosed normal immunoglobulin and complement concentrations and normal T-cell number and function. In view of the persistent presence of type-specific capsular polysaccharide of H influenzae b (polyribophosphate [PRP]) in blood serum without any detectable anti-PRP antibody for 30 days following H influenzae b meningitis, monthly treatment with immune human serum globulin was undertaken until spontaneous production of anti-PRP antibody occurred. The patient's 4-year-old sibling was found to be a nasopharyngeal carrier and may have been a source for reinfection. A search for possible family carriers should be conducted in evaluating the conditions of patients with recurrent invasive H influenzae b infection. In addition, temporary treatment with immune human serum globulin should be considered.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1981

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis as a manifestation of cholinergic urticaria.

Two patients presented with a history of exercise-induced hypotension associated with severe pruritus and either generalized urticaria or facial angioedema. Each patient was exercised under controlled conditions with use of bicycle ergometer exerciser (900 KPM/min) for 20 to 30 min at 23 degrees C. Each patients complained of generalized pruritus and then erupted in lesions typical of cholinergic urticaria. In one patient the lesions became confluent about the face and were followed by eyelid edema, lip swelling, and transient hypotension. Plasma histamine levels were elevated in each patient and reached a maximal level between 20 and 25 min. Neither patient had a change in forced expiratory volume in one second during the episode and detailed pulmonary function testing in one patient revealed no change in airway resistance, specific conductance, forced expiratory vital capacity, or forced expiratory flow rates. One patient had a positive methacholine chloride (Mecholyl) skin test with satellite lesions, and the second patient was skin-test negative. The skin test-positive patient, who was not hypotensive when initially challenged, was strenuously exercised for 15 min/day. Progressively less severe reactions were seen associated with diminished histamine release, and the patient is now on a daily exercise program; symptoms in the second patient are controlled with hydroxazine. Our results indicate that some patients with the exercise-induced anaphylactic syndrome are unusual examples of severe cholinergic urticaria. Furthermore, the utility of a regular exercise program as part of the management of some patients with cholinergic urticaria requires further investigation.

Adult↗