PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L G Freund

Publications and source records attributed to L G Freund.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis. Regional prevalence].

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) in a regional population of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Three hundred and five patients with UC followed over a 12 year period were examined for elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase (> 280 U/l). Twenty four such patients were found. If no cause of these elevations were found by initial investigations, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was performed in order to determine whether they had PSC. Eleven patients were found to have PSC (3.6%), of whom five had progressive disease, including two deaths from cholangio-carcinoma, during a six-year observation period. We found no certain relation between the extent, duration or activity of ulcerative colitis and the presence of PSC. Alkaline phosphatases were elevated up to 3.7 times the upper reference level, the aminotransferases were only found to be mildly elevated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Primary sclerosing cholangitis].

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an uncommon disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. PSC is commonly associated with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, especially ulcerative colitis, and often in younger men with an extensive colitis. The diagnosis is made by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. The characteristic findings are multiple strictures and dilatations of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. Patients with PSC usually have a cholestatic biochemical profile. The liver biopsy findings are often non-specific. Different survivals in these patients have been described. However, asymptomatic patients seems to have a more favorable prognosis. The only curative treatment is liver transplantation.

Cholangitis, Sclerosing↗
PubMed1991

Fusidic acid for Behçet's colitis: a novel approach to T-cell specific immunosuppressive therapy.

A 33-year-old patient suffered from recurring Beh,cet's colitis despite treatment with corticosteroids and later cyclosporin. The patient was then successfully shifted from cyclosporin, a T-cell specific immunosuppressant, to fusidic acid treatment (500 mg t.i.d.). During fusidic acid treatment, he went into complete remission, and his prednisolone dose could be reduced from 30 to 5 mg/day. The case report substantiates recent in vitro data indicating that fusidic acid has a similar effect on T-cell function as cyclosporin. It is suggested that the effect of fusidic acid in other chronic immunoinflammatory diseases should be examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Small bowel transplantation. Animal experimental and clinical status].

Small bowel transplantation is a logical treatment in patients with the short bowel syndrome. The intestinal function can be permanently reestablished in animals with small bowel autografts. However, small bowel allotransplantation involves a considerable risk of immunological problems because of the large quantity of lymphoid tissue present in the graft. In non-immunosupprimized experimental animals, it triggers a vigorous rejection response and/or graft versus host disease (GVHD). The use of azathioprine and prednisone as immunosuppression has improved the graft survival minimally. The advent of cyclosporine has increased the survival of small bowel allografts in animal experiments considerably. Preoperative graft irradiation reduces the risk of GVHD. Monitoring of graft function is difficult. Histological evaluation of intestinal biopsy specimens is very useful and it can be combined with the determination of the absorptive function by 14C labelled carbohydrates (glucose, maltose). Twelve patients have undergone small bowel transplantation during the period 1964-1987. Eleven patients died a few weeks after the small bowel transplantation, the longest survivor died after 76 days (information is not available about the last small bowel transplanted patient). Four patients were treated with cyclosporine. Although the results so far have been depressing, a fundament has been created for further investigation in the field. Today, small bowel transplantation is an experimental treatment. It should only be considered for patients with serious and immediately life-threatening complications of the short bowel syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Complete remission in pure red cell aplasia after plasmapheresis.

A 17-year-old girl with a severe pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and an appropriate elevation of erythropoietin titres was treated successfully with plasmapheresis, during which plasma was exchanged with human albumin and Ringer lactate. Before this treatment, therapeutic attempts with prednisolone, oxymetholone and infusions with fresh frozen plasma had all been without effect. Bone marrow culture studies revealed an inhibitory activity against BFU-E in the plasma, an activity which could not be demonstrated after the plasmapheresis. 22 months after the plasmapheresis the patient is still healthy without any medication. This case adds additional evidence for the presence of a pathogenetic erythroid inhibitory factor in the plasma of some patients with PRCA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Haemostatic effect of prednisolone in thrombocytopenia.

In a short-time study, 8 patients with thrombocytopenia and clinical signs of bleeding were experimentally treated with prednisolone as the only therapeutic measure to control the bleeding tendency. 2 patients had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and 6 acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia. 1 of the leukaemic patients was thrombocytopenic on admission. 5 had thrombocytopenia due to antileukaemic chemotherapy. The capillary fragility test, evaluated blindly, and bleeding time determination were performed just before treatment and repeated once after 2-4 d of treatment. Platelet counts were carried out simultaneously. Capillary resistance, determined by the capillary fragility test, improved greatly during the administration of prednisolone, irrespective of the platelet count, and no serious bleeding occurred. The bleeding time remained prolonged.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

N2O and urine methylmalonic acid in man.

The excretion of methylmalonic acid was measured and deoxyuridine suppression test (dU-test) was performed in 5 patients before and after 24 h of ventilation with nitrous oxide. The mean urinary 2-methylmalonic acid was increased from 90 to 320 mumol/24 h and the dU-tests became abnormal. These findings indicate that the 2 vitamin B-12 dependent enzymes, methylmalonyl-CoA-mutase and methione synthetase, are depressed by nitrous oxide.

5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltran↗
PubMed1981

Reliability of routine clearance methods for assessment of glomerular filtration rate in advanced renal insufficiency.

The reliability of different clearance methods to assess the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was tested in fifteen patients with advanced chronic renal failure (range of GFR: 3-13 ml/min). The renal [51Cr]EDTA plasma clearance (Er) measured during optimal conditions with determination of residual bladder-urine was used as reference parameter of GFR and the reliability (+/-) of a thus corrected value to assess GFR of the individual patient are given in parenthesis. The arithmetic mean of the renal plasma clearance of endogenous creatinine (Clcreat) and urea (2.0 ml/min; +/- 1.5 ml/min); single determination of 25-h clcreat (3.4 ml/min; +/- 2.0 ml/min); Clcreat calculated from a measured plasma creatinine concentration, considering sex, age and body weight of the patient (2.9 ml/min; +/- 2.3 ml/min); total [51Cr]EDTA plasma clearance (Et) determined form three blood samples drawn 3-5 h after i.v. single injection 93.7 ml/min; +/- 2.2 ml/min); and Et determined form two blood samples drawn 4 and 24 h after i.v. injection (0.5 ml/min; +/- 0.5 ml/min). It is concluded that the most reliable assessment of GFR (=Er) is achieved either form a direct measurement or indirectly from Et determined from two blood samples drawn 5 and 24 h after i.v. single injection. use of the mean value of three 25-h Clcreat determinations is recommended if facilities for measurement of radioactivity are not available.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Legionnaires' disease imported to Denmark from Italy.

Three cases of imported Legionnaires' disease are reported. All 3 patients became ill after their return to Denmark from a holiday tour in northern Italy. High titers of antibodies to Legionella pneumophila in the indirect immunofluorescence (IF) test confirmed the diagnosis. The fact that the onset of illness was within 10 days of the last day the patients spent in Italy strongly suggests that the disease was imported to Denmark from Italy. 10 of the 77 tourists who participated in the study had IF titers of at least 256. Of these 6 had clinical signs of Legionnaires' disease. An additional case of legionella infection occurred months after the case described in this report and was probably contracted in Italy.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1981

Severe meprobamate intoxication treated by hemoperfusion over amberlite resin.

A 36-year-old female was treated successfully by hemoperfusion over Amberlite XAD-4 resin after ingestion of 40 gm of meprobamate. Hemoperfusion was started five hours after the ingestion. At that time the patient was in deep coma. The patient was treated by hemoperfusion for five hours, at the end of which time she was awake. Meprobamate clearance over the resin was about 290 mg/min. There were no bleeding complications. It is concluded that hemoperfusion over amberlite XAD-4 resin is a highly effective method in the treatment of severe cases of meprobamate intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Thallium intoxication treated with long-term hemodialysis, forced diuresis and Prussian blue.

A 56-year-old woman, who ingested 2 g of thallium sulfate, was successfully treated with long-term hemodialysis for 200 hours during ten days, combined with forced diuresis and Prussian blue. The effect of the artificial kidney dialysis was determined by repeated analysis of the thallium concentration in the dialysis bath and in blood samples. During the first 120 hours of hemodialysis, 143 mg of thallium was eliminated via the artificial kidney and 110 mg via the urinary tract. The present case of acute thallium intoxication is the first in which long-term hemodialysis has been used in the acute phase together with forced diuresis and Prussian blue. The data obtained are compared to those obtained from cases treated with hemodialysis in the past. It is concluded that treatment with hemodialysis should be considered as an important supplement to treatment with forced diuresis and Prussian blue in cases of thallium intoxication.

Antidotes↗