Miscellaneous clinical case reports in twins.
Three case reports are presented concerning 1) Albino MZ female twins, 2) Raynaud's syndrome in MZ female twins, and 3) Pseudohermaphroditism in MZ male twins.
Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Gedda.
Three case reports are presented concerning 1) Albino MZ female twins, 2) Raynaud's syndrome in MZ female twins, and 3) Pseudohermaphroditism in MZ male twins.
A case is reported of a 14-year old male MZ twin pair, with only one partner affected by situs viscerum inversus, whereby the condition is termed situs viscerum specularis. The high degree of mirror imaging is seen as an abnormal variation of the biological time of the cleavage giving rise to MZ twinning. Electrocardiographic findings are presented and the biological implications of the condition are discussed.
A new approach is proposed in twin research based on the study of twins who, though reared together, have subsequently lived apart for a period of at least five years. With respect to the more powerful study of twins reared apart, the twins living apart test has the advantages of being more realistic and affording easier access to sufficiently large samples. In this pilot study, the test has been applied to a sample of 92 monozygotic pairs now aged 35-45; 15 pairs were still living together and 77 had lived apart for over five years. As a first approach, comparisons have been made, in the cotwins of the two subsamples, with respect to the following traits: height, weight, presbyopia, presbyacusia, alcohol consumption, tobacco consumption, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), dental caries, and hours of sleep.
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In chronogenetic theory different genes have a different stability ("ergon") which determines the duration ("chronon") of their action. The ergon/chronon of each gene is considered to be inherited. In order to verify whether genomic stability is a heritable trait, the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) was observed in a sample of 12 MZ twin pairs distributed as follows: (formula; see text) The minimum intrapair variability as against the high interpair variability as to mean S.C.E. counts supports the hypothesis of genetic control on S.C.E. frequency. The increase in S.C.E. frequency in older pairs indicates the age-dependence of the phenomenon. The study will be extended to both DZ pairs and older twin pairs.
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The condition of low birth weight is compared in twins and in singletons in terms of birth weight distributions and with respect to factors such as the incidence of stillbirths, length of gestation, maternal age, parity, and legitimacy. In the light of demographic, biological, and developmental considerations, it is concluded that low birth weight in twins is a different condition from low birth weight in singletons and should be dealt with independently, especially in view of the different implications for child growth and survival.
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Previous studies have revealed significant deviations of twin pairs' blood group distributions. A comparison between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) pairs in a sample of 688 twin pairs as to interaction between ABO and Rh indicates that the main contribution to total deviation comes from the MZ pairs, thus confirming a different behaviour of the two twin types in this respect.
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