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Biomedical subjects

L Goodwin

Publications and source records attributed to L Goodwin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Levobunolol compared to dipivefrin in African American patients with open angle glaucoma.

The prevalence of open angle glaucoma is disproportionately high in the African American population. Information about the effectiveness of anti-glaucoma medications in an exclusively African American population is lacking. We treated both eyes of 38 African American patients who have stable open angle glaucoma with either levobunolol b.i.d. or dipivefrin b.i.d. to evaluate the effectiveness of each drug in lowering intraocular pressure. Patients were treated for six weeks following a two week washout period. We measured intraocular pressure levels after one, three, and six weeks. Each medication produced a statistically significant decrease in intraocular pressure by week one. The mean pre-treatment pressure of 24.4 mmHg in the levobunolol was reduced to 17.0 mmHg by week six. The mean pre-treatment pressure of 25.4 mmHg in the dipivefrin treated group was reduced to 18.2 mmHg by week six. There was not a statistically significant difference in the pre-treatment or the final pressure between the two groups. Both levobunolol and dipivefrin produce a statistically significant decrease in intraocular pressure in African American patients with open angle glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Classification of black-pigmented anaerobes by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PMS) and conventional tests (CTs).

Clinical (66: dental 53; vaginal 4; wound 9) and reference (5*) strains of pigmented Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were examined in pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PMS) and conventional tests (CTs). The strains were identified in CTs as: Prevotella intermedia (48*); Pr. melaninogenica (1); Pr. corporis (7); Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (12*); P. endodontalis (1*) and P. gingivalis (2*). Numerical classification based on CTs resolved five clusters comprising strains identified as (I) Pr. corporis, (II) Pr. melaninogenica, (III) Pr. intermedia, (IV) P. gingivalis and (V) P. asaccharolytica and P. endodontalis. Numerical classification based on PMS showed a similar division, with decreasing homogeneity in the order Pr. intermedia, Pr. corporis, P. asaccharolytica, in agreement with the ordering of homogeneity for these species in CTs. PMS clusters corresponding the Porphyromonas spp. were clearly distinct from those of Prevotella spp. PMS and CT classifications disagreed on cluster membership for only six of the strains. PMS identification from blind challenge sets agreed with conventional identification for 64 of 67 strains.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1993

Effects of root planing on the distribution of microorganisms adult periodontitis sites.

The aims of this study were to identify the microbial species present in subgingival plaque in patients with adult periodontitis, and to investigate the effects of root planing upon the microbial flora for 12 months following root planing. Microorganisms from samples of subgingival plaque obtained from adult periodontitis sites in 15 patients were cultured, both aerobically and anaerobically, on a variety of media and identified. Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica were the most frequently identified species before treatment. Bacteroides ureolyticus, the Prevotella veroralis/buccalis complex and other microorganisms including Capnocytophaga ochracea, species of streptococci, staphylococci and diphtheroids were also frequently isolated. Root planing improved periodontal health, and was accompanied by reductions in the frequencies with which P. intermedia, P. asaccharolytica, the P. veroralis/buccalis complex and C. ochracea were isolated. Regular scaling and oral hygiene reviews maintained the clinical improvements and balance in favour of beneficial microbial species during the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Classification of oral pigmented anaerobic bacilli by pyrolysis mass spectrometry and biochemical tests.

Clinical (66) and reference (5) strains of pigmented gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, identified as Prevotella intermedia (47), Pr. melaninogenica (1), Pr. corpora (8), Porphyromonas asaccharolyticus (12), P. endodontalis (1) and P. gingivalis (2), were examined by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PMS) and in conventional tests. Numerical classification based on conventional test reaction patterns (CTRPs) resolved five clusters, four comprising strains identified as Pr. intermedia, Pr. corpora, Pr. melaninogenica, and P. gingivalis respectively, and one comprising strains identified as P. asaccharolyticus and P. endodontalis. Numerical classification based on PMS showed a similar division, with decreasing homogeneity of chemical composition in the order Pr. intermedia, Pr. corpora, P. asaccharolyticus, which agreed with the order of homogeneity in CTRPs. PMS clusters corresponding to the genus Porphyromonas were clearly distinct from those of the genus Prevotella. PMS and CTRP classification disagreed on cluster membership for six strains. PMS identification from blind challenge sets was in agreement with conventional identification for 64 of 67 strains.

Cluster Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Desmoglein shows extensive homology to the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules.

Desmoglein is a major adhesive component of the desmosome. It is also at least one of the antigenic targets of pathogenic antibodies circulating in the sera of patients with the blistering disease Pemphigus foliaceus. To examine the molecular basis of desmosomal adhesion and to further our understanding of its disruption in various bullous disorders we have cloned cDNAs encoding four of the extracellular domains of desmoglein. The predicted amino acid sequence of these clones shows extensive homology with the cadherin class of calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecules. Desmoglein represents a novel subtype of this family.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of Bacteroides ureolyticus isolates from different clinical sources.

Clinical isolates of corroding, gram-negative, anaerobic bacilli (provisionally identified as Bacteroides ureolyticus) from superficial ulcers and soft tissue infections (15), non-gonococcal, non-chlamydial urethritis (12) and adult periodontal disease (14) were compared with reference strains of B. ureolyticus, B. gracilis and Wolinella recta in a series of conventional tests of morphology, biochemical activity, tolerance of dyes and bile salts, and antibiotic sensitivity, gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of metabolic products, and in whole-cell analysis by pyrolysis-mass spectrometry (Py-MS). A numerical taxonomic approach was used with the results of conventional tests and the grouping obtained was compared with that obtained by Py-MS. All the ulcer and soft-tissue isolates and the urethritis isolates were oxidase- and urease-positive and formed a homogeneous set consistent with the reference strain of B. ureolyticus. The dental isolates differed from B. ureolyticus strains and were heterogeneous amongst themselves. None corresponded with the reference strains of B. gracilis or W. recta. The conventional and Py-MS approaches to characterisation produced similar groupings and each distinguished between a single cluster of ulcer-urethritis strains and several clusters of dental strains, although the dendrograms derived from the two approaches differed in the order of the clusters; in the Py-MS dendrogram one subcluster of four dental strains came within the main ulcer-urethritis cluster and a cluster of five ulcer strains was separated as a distinct group.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1987

Identification of Bacteroides species from adult periodontal disease.

Samples from deep (4-7 mm) periodontal pockets were collected from 17 patients with adult-type periodontal disease and one with the juvenile form of the disease. They were streaked immediately on selective and non-selective media and incubated anaerobically for 96 h. There was a heavy growth of Bacteroides spp. from most samples and 10 representative colonies from each sample were sub-cultured for identification. In a total of 149 isolates from patients with adult-type disease, the commonest species were B. oralis (40), B. asaccharolyticus (35), B. intermedius (31), B. fragilis (12) and B. ureolyticus (10); B. gingivalis was not detected. The distribution of species was not distorted by multiple identical isolates from individual patients. There was a heavy growth of a single species, B. ureolyticus, from the patient with juvenile-type disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Association of posttraumatic spinal arachnoid cyst and syringomyelia.

A patient developed a painful progressive paraparesis following trauma. Metrizamide myelography revealed an arachnoid cyst. A delayed metrizamide computed tomography scan of the area confirmed the cyst and demonstrated a syrinx at that level that was not appreciated on the myelogram. The association of these two lesions after trauma are perhaps more common than appreciated and the importance of a computed tomography scan of the abnormal area on myelography is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The neonatal cisterna magna: ultrasonic evaluation.

The normal topography of the region of the cisterna magna can be delineated by cranial ultrasound in neonates. Evaluation of this region requires ultrasonic imaging of the echodense occipital bone and the inferior vermis, as well as approximation of the plane of the foramen magnum. It also requires imaging of the anechoic cisterna magna and fastigium of the fourth ventricle. In order to appreciate subtle alterations in size and/or position of these structures, standardized measurements for the midsagittal height of the cisterna magna and the distance of the fastigium of the fourth ventricle from the plane of the foramen magnum were established. Normal values established by measurement in 59 patients were cisterna magna 4.52 +/- 1.29 mm and fastigium of the fourth ventricle 16.05 +/- 3.03 mm. These dimensions were demonstrated to be abnormally increased in posterior fossa arachnoid cysts, Dandy-Walker syndrome, and hydrocephalus.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1978

The role of the nursing administrator in collective bargaining.

There is little doubt that collective bargaining is here to stay in hospital nursing, and it adds a new dimension to the nursing administrator's area of responsibility. Careful planning and preparation for participation, trust and open communication, an attitude of acceptance, and a focus on the positive aspects of the negotiations will place the nursing administrator in an advantageous position in regard to collective bargaining in any practice setting.

Collective Bargaining↗