PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Grennert

Publications and source records attributed to L Grennert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Autoimmune antibodies and pregnancy outcome in women with false-positive syphilis test results. A retrospective controlled investigation of women from 5170 deliveries.

Nine pregnant women with false-positive syphilis test results, and 13 matched controls, were screened for autoimmune antibodies to ascertain whether any relationship might exist between their presence and the occurrence of obstetric problems. Investigations included assays for anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA), lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) (including antibodies against extractable nuclear antigen), anti-smooth muscle antibodies, anti-mitochondrial antibodies, anti-DNA antibodies, IgM-RF and complement factors. We found no significant difference in the incidence of obstetric problems between the two groups. Except that significantly more women were positive for ACA in the group with false-positive syphilis tests than in the control group, there were no differences between the groups with regard to the antibodies tested for. There was only one case of SLE, a patient positive for LAC, and who had had several miscarriages and no pregnancy resulting in a live birth. Our findings suggest that it would be unwarranted to devote resources to routine screening for these antibodies in healthy women with a false-positive syphilis test result, though the presence of LAC could possibly be used as an indicator of the risk of spontaneous abortion due to SLE.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal septicaemia in siblings.

At each of two consecutive deliveries, a woman gave birth to a baby that developed early-onset group B streptococcal (GBS) septicaemia. A low titre of serum antibodies to the type of the infecting GBS and persistence of the organism in the mother were demonstrated. This case confirms that mothers of GBS infected infants are at high risk of their future babies being similarly infected.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Routine hospital care does not improve prognosis in twin gestation.

The effects of routine hospital care in twin gestation were evaluated by comparing the gestational outcome in two neighbouring university departments in southern Sweden. In Malmö, 79% (175/223) of all women with a twin pregnancy were given routine hospital care between the 26-28th and 35th gestational week, whereas in Lund only 4% (16/409) received such treatment. Hospitalization averaged 9 weeks in Malmö, versus 2 weeks in Lund. We found no significant differences between the two areas regarding gestational length, birth weight, or perinatal mortality. This study indicates that routine hospital care does not improve the prognosis in twin gestation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The intrauterine growth of the biparietal diameter of twins.

A series of 978 repeated ultrasonic measurements of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) assessed the growth of 119 twin pairs during the second half of pregnancy. The mean BPD values for each gestational week were close to the mean values for singletons. From the 32nd week, the BPD growth curves for twins deviated from that for singletons. The second twins' growth curve ran consistently below that of the first and fell away more from the 32nd week on. In 80% of the measurements, the first twin (defined as the twin in, or close to, the pelvic inlet) was the one with the largest BPD. The intrapair difference in BPD had no correlation to the intrapair difference in body length, head circumference, or birth weight. In 91 of the 119 twin pairs, zygosity was settled by sex, histological examination of placenta, or blood grouping. The longitudinally compiled BPD growth curves (678 BPD determinations) showed the curve for dizygotic twins consistently running above that of the monozygotic twins. The BPD differences between the first and the second twin remained also within mono- and dizygotic groups of twins.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

Diagnosis and treatment of twin pregnancy.

Early detection is a prerequisite for the active management of twin pregnancy. Detection rate was not, or was only slightly, increased by improved anamnesis or more alert physical examination. General placental lactogen screening selected 95% of the twins but implied a subsequent ultrasonic screening examination of 16% of the pregnant population for the definitive diagnosis. A general screening programme with ultrasound detected 90% of the twin pregnancies (methodological error 1.7%; not participating 8%) in the mid-trimester. Extensive restriction of maternal physical activity from the 29th to the 36th gestational week by bed rest in hospital reduced perinatal mortality to the level of singletons and also decreased the incidence of neurological and mental handicap among the surviving twins. For the supervision of twin pregnancy, urinary estriol estimates predict birth weight rather than fetal distress. Monitoring with repeated ultrasonic biparietal diameter measurements seem limited in value; even large intertwin BPD differences are not indicators of fetal distress in the smallest twin. The decrease of perinatal mortality and morbidity among twins subjected to special antenatal supervision suggests that large gains can be made by early detection and antenatal hospitalization. The earlier finding that impairment of the intrauterine supply line is closely associated with neurological sequelae gives added importance to the reduction of CNS handicap and of growth-retarded fetuses observed during such a programme.

Bed Rest↗
PubMed1979

On improved outcome of twin pregnancies.

During the past four years, an attempt has been made in Malmö to reduce the frequency of preterm termination of twin pregnancies. For this purpose, the entire pregnant population of this medium-sized city was subjected to general ultrasonic screening in the second trimester. This detected 88 per cent of the twin pregnancies. The screening has a methodological error of 2 per cent. Eightysix of the women with twin pregnancy were subjected to bedrest in hospital for more than two weeks in the second half of gestation. The incidences of twins born with birth weight below 1 500 g and of twins light-for-gestational-age were reduced compared with those a decade earlier. Also the group of twins born before the 37th week decreased, and the perinatal mortality rate fell to the same level as in singleton pregnancies. Early detection of twin pregnancies followed by rest for the pregnant women seems to contribute to an improved outcome of these gestations.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

Towards a normalization of the outcome of twin pregnancy.

During 1973/1978, more than 90% of the pregnant women in Malmö, Sweden, were examined by ultrasound to improve the early diagnosis of twin pregnancy. This screening programme detected 90% of the twin pregnancies delivered during this period, 105 were subjected to a preventive treatment with bed rest in hospital, usually from the 29th to the 37th week (mean: 55 days). This study evaluates the outcome of these pregnancies, compared with those not treated with bed rest and with all twin pairs born a decade earlier (1963/1965). All twins of this group born up to 1 May 1977 were also monitored by regular postpartum check-ups until at least 18 months of age. Perinatal mortality was reduced to 0.5% in the group with bed rest, but remained as high (8%) as ten years earlier in the group without bed rest. The bed rest group, compared with the group without bed rest and the group of twins born 1963/1965, also showed a significantly reduced frequency of deliveries before the 37th week; also, the incidence of twins born light-for-gestational age and with birth weight below 1500 g was reduced. The incidence of twins born with cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and late development was 3% in 1973/1977 and 8.1% in 1963/1965. The reduction of mortality and morbidity of twins paralleled the improved obstetric and neonatal care. The fact that perinatal mortality and preterm delivery were reduced only among twins subjected to special antenatal supervision suggests that large gains are to be made by early detection and antenatal hospitalization. The lower CNS morbidity provides evidence of the quality improvement among the twin survivers.

Bed Rest↗
PubMed1978

Intrauterine growth of twins judged by BPD measurements.

Both earlier growth charts of twins composed of birth weight at different gestational ages and recent reports on twin biparietal diameter (BPD) growth, indicate that twins' growth is less than that of singletons during the later period of gestation. In the present study, growth curves are constructed separately for the first and the second twin from 489 paired ultrasonic BPD measurements of 119 twin pregnancies. The distribution of BPD values in twins was found to be slightly wider than our normal range curve for singletons. The mean BPD values of twins were close to those of singletons in the second trimester. From the 32nd week on, the twins' mean weekly BPD increment decreased, this lesser growth rate being more marked than that of singletons. The second twin's BPD growth curve ran consistently below that of the first. Our results agree with the earlier findings that the growth of twins is retarded during the later part of pregnancy. They point to different BPD growth patterns between the first and the second twin.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1976

Ultrasound and human-placental-lactogen screening early detection of twin pregnancies.

In the past five years gradual introduction of ultrasonic screening of pregnant women increased the ante-partum detection of multiple pregnancy from 60% in 1971 to 95% in the first half of 1975. At the same time the average gestational age for dection of multiple pregnancies diminished from thirty-three to twenty-five weeks. The corresponding figures for 1963 were 32% and thirty-six weeks. Plasma human-placental-lactogen concentrations were assessed for their value in selecting a smaller target group for subsequent ultrasonic screening. All but 2 of 39 twin pregnancies examined by single H.P.L. determinations had H.P.L. values more than 1 S.D. above the mean of the normal distribution. The use of plasma-H.P.L. screening might lower the proportion of patients requiring ultrasonography for antepartum diagnosis of multiple pregnancies to 16% of the total pregnant population.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗