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Biomedical subjects

L H Baker

Publications and source records attributed to L H Baker.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Gallium nitrate in advanced bladder carcinoma: Southwest Oncology Group study.

Gallium nitrate is a heavy metal anticancer agent that has demonstrated widespread activity in a number of phase I studies. This phase II study employed a starting dose of 700 mg/m2 IV every two weeks in patients with advanced bladder carcinoma. Significant nephrotoxicity observed in 4 of the first 10 patients required extending the time between cycles to three weeks in the remaining 24 patients. One complete response and six partial responses were achieved. Nephrotoxicity was the major dose-limiting toxicity. Gastrointestinal toxicity and myelosuppression were minimal. Gallium nitrate appears to be an active agent in advanced carcinoma of the bladder. Further clinical trials with this agent are warranted.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1979

Transfer factor.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Autopsy diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease in immunosuppressed patients. A paleodiagnosis using Giemsa stain (Wohlbach modification).

A diffuse pneumonia characterized by short Giemsa-stained, gram-negative rods that were not cultured was diagnosed at autopsy in the fall of 1975 in three immunosuppressed patients who had had renal transplants. An acute fibrinous exudate was found, with macrophages, neutrophils, and numerous short bacilli in each inflamed alveolus as shown by Giemsa's stain (Wohlbach modification). Transplantation was stopped for 1 month. The institutional infection control committee discussed the cases, and increased observation. After the Legionnaires' disease agent was identified in 1977, the bacteria were stained by Dieterle's method and identified as Legionnaires' disease bacteria by direct fluorescent antibody test. No further cases have been identified in the succeeding 62 renal transplantations at this medical center. Although Wohlbach's modification of Giemsa has given consistently good staining of the Legionnaires' disease bacterium in our cases, unclarified factors may interfere with good staining, and the May-Grünwald Giemsa stain was unsatisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Use of VM-26 as a single agent in the treatment of renal carcinoma.

VM-26 was administered to 13 patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the kidney. Twelve of the 13 patients were assessable. The remaining patient was nonevaluable due to early death as defined in the protocol. No responses were observed in any of the 12 patients. Nonhematological toxicity was mild except for one instance of life-threatening hypotension, occurring during the infusion of VM-26. Significant leukopenia (less than 3000/mm3) occurred in 29% of courses and significant thrombocytopenia (less than 100,000/mm3) occurred in 14% of courses. Further studies using VM-26 in renal cell carcinoma do not seem warranted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Mitomycin-C alone and in combination with infused 5-fluorouracil to the treatment of disseminated gastrointestinal carcinomas.

One hundred and thirty-two previously untreated patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract were randomized to receive either a 120-hr infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) with mitomycin-C or mitomycin-C alone. Superiority of the combination treatment was demonstrated with remissions in 30 out of 82 (37%) patients versus 9 out of 50 (18%) with the single drug treatment (P = 0.02). The median survial with 5FU--mitomycin-C was 29 weeks, as opposed to 20 weeks with mitomycin-C alone (P = 0.03). The combination produced significantly more severe myelotoxicity than the single drug, and jaundiced patients experienced more myelosuppression than non-jaundiced patients with both treatments.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Measuring clinical competence of medical students.

Evidence of clinical competence for medical students entering the clinical clerkships at the University of Kansas College of Health Sciences is established by passing two different examinations: a 100 item multiple choice examination and a videotaped history and physical examination by each student of a simulated patient, being rated by that patient and two examiners. In 1976 the class of 196 medical students took an average 1.85 written examinations per student. With 70% or better constituting a passing score, 30.6% passed on the first attempt, 55.6% the second, 11.2% the third and 2.5% the fourth. Each student passed the televised practical examination and had the opportunity to review his or her videotape with a critiqued data base and the examiners' and simulated patient's evaluations in hand. Correlation coefficients for all 196 students between scores of written examinations, medicine tutors, examiners and professional patients revealed weak but significant correlations between the assessments of examiners and medical tutors and assessments of examiners and written examination scores, but not between other evaluations. This scheme of proof of competence appears to be objective and direct, and serves the convenience of both students and teaching staff.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1978

Phase I--II study of intermittent bolus administration of DTIC and actinomycin D in metastatic malignant melanoma.

Twenty-six patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were treated with intermittent bolus DTIC and actinomycin D in an escalating dose schedule, starting at 650 and 1 mg/m2 respectively. Courses were repeated at 3--4-week intervals. Twenty four patients were evaluable for toxicity and 22 were evaluable for response. Two patients (9%) had a complete remission lasting 7+ and 14 months, and three patients (14%) had a partial remission lasting 2+, 5+, and 14+ months. Nausea and vomiting, lasting 24 hours, was observed in 88% of patients, while diarrhea was noted in 17%. Stomatitis and alopecia were less frequently observed. All responses occurred at nonmyelosuppressive doses and in patients with visceral-predominant metastases. This schedule offers the patient the convenience of single-day treatment and less prolonged gastrointestinal intolerance. Further evaluation of this drug combination and schedule would appear to be indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical trial of rubidazone in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and adenocarcinoma of the large intestine.

Sixteen patients with disseminated squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and 26 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum were given rubidazone. Only one partial remission was observed in a previously untreated patient who had local recurrence of a rectal adenocarcinoma. The main toxic effects observed in previously treated patients consisted of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Also observed were anorexia, nausea, vomiting, alopecia, fever, and chills. Cardiotoxicity was observed in one patient after a total dose of 720 mg/m2 of rubidazone. It is concluded that rubidazone is a relatively inactive compound in the management of these two diseases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Mitomycin C, vincristine, and bleomycin therapy for advanced cervical cancer.

The Southwest Oncology Group has treated 130 patients with advanced disseminated uterine cervical carcinoma no longer amenable to therapy with further radiation or surgery. Patients received one of three different schedules of mitomycin C, vincristine and bleomycin. A twice weekly schedule of bleomycin and vincristine produced response in 60% of patients. An infusion bleomycin schedule produced response in 39% of patients and a once weekly vincristine bleomycin schedule produced a 25% response rate (45% overall). Responding patients lived significantly longer than nonresponders (30 vs 18 weeks). Toxicities encountered included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal upset, dermatitis, and alopecia. We believe two of the schedules utilized represent an improvement in producing tumor remission induction in this previously recognized refractory carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Dose response evaluation of adriamycin in human neoplasia.

Because patients treated with 60-90 mg/m2 every three to four weeks reach cardiotoxic doses of 550 mg/m2 within 36 weeks, prolonged treatment with Adriamycin is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine whether lower doses could be given over longer periods without loss of efficacy. Good risk patients treated with 75, 60, or 45 mg/m2 had remission rates of 25, 27, and 19%; poor risk patients treated with 50 and 25 mg/m2 had remission rates of 16 and 12% respectively. Although a dose response was identified, there were no statistically significant differences in remission rates, durations of remission, or toxicities in the dose schedules studied. Irreversible congestive heart failure occurred in five patients with cumulative doses of 240-390 mg/m2. Unless rapid remission induction is urgent, we recommend 60 mg/m2 X four doses and measurement of myocardial function if treatment is to continue.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Chemotherapy of malignant fibrous histiocytoma: a Southwest Oncology Group report.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a rare tumor, which constitutes 3-4% of the soft tissue sarcomas. It occurs with maximum frequency in the sixth and seventh decades of life and has a distinct male preponderance. In two-thirds of the patients an extremity is the primary site and approximately one-half develop local recurrences and one-half, distant metastases. Response to combination chemotherapy occurred in 33%, a rate similar to that seen in other sarcomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Endocarditis treated with clindamycin: relapse and liver dysfunction.

Clindamycin was used to treat six patients with endocarditis because of allergy to penicillin in five, and an unfavorable clinical response to methicillin in one. Only one patient had an uneventful cure with clindamycin. Two had hepatotoxicity which resolved rapidly after clindamycin was stopped. Two patients, one of whom had an aortic prosthesis, had completed four to six weeks of clindamycin therapy when clinical relapse occurred and blood cultures were again positive for a clindamycin-sensitive isolate. A fifth patient had peptostreptococcal endocarditis. Despite a favorable initial clinical and bacteriologic response, blood cultures taken on the 20th day of therapy again grew the Peptostreptococcus. This relapse pathogen had become resistant to clindamycin and was 100-fold less sensitive than the initial isolate. The few conditions in which clindamycin is indicated for therapy of bacterial endocarditis are outlined.

Adult↗