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Biomedical subjects

L H Calabrese

Publications and source records attributed to L H Calabrese.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Allogeneic suppression of polyclonal immunoglobulin production in normals and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

T lymphocytes suppressing in vitro polyclonal immunoglobulin production can be activated by allogeneic stimuli or concanavalin A (Con A). These cells are deficient in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In order to investigate the cellular requirements for this effect, we studied IgM and IgG biosynthesis by (a) normal and SLE lymphocytes cultured with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and mitomycin C-blocked allogeneic normal or SLE lymphocytes, and (b) by normal and irradiated lymphocytes cultured with PWM and with Con A-pretreated normal and irradiated allogeneic and autochthonous blocked lymphocytes. Results showed that blocked allogeneic normal cells or blocked Con A-pretreated, normal or irradiated, autochthonous or allogeneic cells served as potent stimuli for suppression of immunoglobulin biosynthesis by normal responder cells, but not by SLE responder cells. This suggests that Con A stimulates a radioresistant suppressor inducer cell which in turn activates a radiosensitive, proliferation-dependent suppressor effector cell; the latter can also be activated by allogeneic stimulation and is deficient in SLE.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1980

Familial late complement component (C6, C7) deficiency with chronic meningococcemia.

Two patients with chronic meningococcemia were found to lack hemolytic complement, one because of C6 deficiency, the other because of C7 deficiency. In both cases family studies were consistent with inheritance of the deficiencies as non-HLA-linked, autosomal co-dominant traits. Functional studies showed the deficient sera to support monocyte chemotaxis but not phagocytosis or lysis of meningococci. Both patients have remained well following antibiotic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Development of antinuclear antibodies during acebutolol therapy.

Eleven patients were studied while taking the beta blocker acebutolol for a period ranging from 12 to more than 24 wk. Control titers for fluorescent antinuclear antibody (ANA) were obtained in all. Serial testing was performed over the duration of the therapy and following its discontinuation. Additional immunologic testing was performed in most patients. The patients were observed closely for the development of clinical autoimmune disease. Using a sensitive assay, fluorescent ANA developed in 8 of 9 patients with negative values in the control period. In no patient has evidence of clinical autoimmune disease developed. In general, the titers of ANA tended to rise with increasing duration of therapy and decline after its discontinuation. Positive lupus erythematosus cell preparations were also observed in several patients. These data suggest that autoantibodies are frequently induced by acebutolol and, although no evidence of clinical autoimmune disease has been reported, immunologic surveillance is warranted.

Acebutolol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum beta 2-microglobulin and interferon in homosexual males: relationship to clinical findings and serologic status to the human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV-III).

The identification of the human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-III) as the presumed etiologic agent for AIDS has stimulated a re-examination and allowed better understanding of many of the immunologic abnormalities described in high risk individuals with and without clinical disease. Currently needed are useful predictors of clinical progression which will allow better counselling, earlier diagnosis and effective treatment of high risk individuals. We have examined the principles of test selection including sensitivity, specificity, predictive value and overall test efficiency for serum beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2M), serum interferon (IFN) and antibody to HTLV-III (HTLV-III Ab) in a group of 113 homosexual men and 62 controls. The presence of HTLV-III Ab and elevated serum beta 2M appear to be the most sensitive markers of immune dysregulation in the study group but also proved to be the least specific. Rising levels of serum beta 2M correlated with clinical severity where HTLV-III Ab positivity did not. The detection of elevated levels of acid labile serum IFN alpha was most specific for full-blown AIDS and was overall the most efficient test when compared with HTLV-III Ab, serum beta 2M and lymphocyte subpopulations. We believe that further examinations of the principles of test selection for immunologic abnormalities in AIDS may lead to potential applications for these tests in patient management.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two unusual strains of Candida arthritis.

Candida arthritis is an uncommon cause of infectious arthritis that may occur in seriously ill or immunosuppressed patients. This report describes two patients, one who developed Candida tropicalis arthritis and another patient who developed C. parapsilosis arthritis. One patient developed nephrogenic diabetes insipidus secondary to amphotericin B therapy and was successfully treated with intravenous miconazole. The other was unsuccessfully treated with both intraarticular and intravenous amphotericin B.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urticaria, nephritis, and pseudotumor cerebri.

The spectrum of chronic urticarial disease ranges from chronic urticarial skin lesions alone to well-characterized systemic lupus erythematosus with urticarial vasculitis as the major skin manifestation. Within this spectrum is the syndrome of urticarial vasculitis associated with systemic disease manifestations. There have been six previously recorded cases of urticarial vasculitis associated with pseudotumor cerebri. At least two of these have included membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. The authors report a case of chronic urticarial disease associated with pseudotumor cerebri and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, but without demonstrable vasculitis. It is possible that this represents a distinct entity within the spectrum of chronic urticarial disease and cca be easily screened for in clinical practice.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnostic criteria and clinical approach.

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system has until recently been considered rare, usually progressive, and untreatable. In 1987, preliminary diagnostic criteria for the disorder were proposed in the hope of gaining a more accurate description of the disease. We used these criteria in reviewing all cases reported in the English language (99 cases) and those seen at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation (9 cases). We believe that the disorder is heterogeneous, and has a better prognosis than previously thought. Furthermore, a relatively benign subset of this disorder, termed "benign angiopathy of the central nervous system," can be defined on clinical grounds. We propose a revised set of diagnostic criteria and a practical approach to treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for HIV infection in homosexual men: the Cleveland men's study of risks in a low-prevalence area.

Detailed questionnaires concerning alcohol and drug use, sexual practices, and medical history were completed by 301 homosexual men living in the Cleveland metropolitan area. Their sera were subsequently tested for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus. Fifty-six (18.6%) were seropositive. In a univariate analysis, age, drug use, and four specific sexual practices were associated with seropositivity. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, intravenous drug use and receptive anal-genital sex remained independent predictors of seropositivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapid progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS.

Homosexually acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is usually slowly progressive, and reports of its rapid progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are rare. We present a case of acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus coinfection that progressed to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and death in 7 months. The factors that determine the clinical outcome of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection are poorly defined; however, coinfection with other agents, such as cytomegalovirus, may influence its natural history.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗