Measures of cardiac output.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L H Light.
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A recently-introduced laminated material which accepts light only over a small angle on either side of the normal was compared to standard Polaroid sunglasses. A preliminary trial failed to show any superiority of the new material in reducing glare for patients with moderate cataract.
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The haemotachograph is a non-invasive ultrasonic Doppler-shift instrument designed to measure the velocity of blood in the arch of the aorta by a technique referred to as transcutaneous aortovelography. Its accuracy has been assessed at cardiac catheterization in 20 patients. When transcutaneous aortovelographic values were compared with stroke volume determined by standard invasive techniques, a good proportional agreement was found. The accuracy of absolute flow values, as calculated from transcutaneous aortovelography and dimensional data, was, however, poor. Peak velocity determined from transcutaneous aortovelographic tracings agreed well with values obtained with a catheter tip electromagnetic velocity probe. Transcutaneous aortovelography is a useful non-invasive technique which can be used to determine phasic blood flow velocity in the aortic arch and to follow changes in cardiac output over a period of time.
Transcutaneous aortovelography (TAV), a new ultrasonic technique for measuring instantaneous mainstream blood velocity in the aorta, is described. The technique uses the Doppler shift principle. The highest local blood velocity within the aortic arch can be recorded from a transducer placed in the suprasternal notch. Inspection of the systolic complexes recorded allows measurement of peak velocity, systolic complex area (proportional to ejected stroke volume), mean (time averaged) blood velocity and initial systolic acceleration. Formal analysis of variance was performed on measurements made by the five observers on 11 healthy adults and by 2 observers on 10 healthy children. Coefficients of variation of from 4 to 8% were found of all variables other than acceleration where the variation was up to 16%. Peak velocities in adults ranged from 97 to 130 cm/sec and were higher in children.
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