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Biomedical subjects

L H Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to L H Nilsson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Influence of hyperthyroidism on splanchnic exchange of glucose and gluconeogenic precursors.

Arterial concentrations and splanchnic exchange of glucose, amino acids, lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol were determined in 14 hyperthyroid patients and 12 healthy controls. Seven of the patients were restudied after 5-12 mo of medical management at which time there was chemical and clinical evidence of a euthyroid state. The arterial level of glucose was slightly higher (+10%) in the patient group and the glycerol concentration was three times greater among the patients. The plasma levels of the glycogenic amino acids, alanine, glycine, and serine were decreased by 20-30%, while the concentrations of leucine, isoleucine, and tyrosine were increased by 20-80%. The levels of lactate and pyruvate were similar in patients and controls as were insulin and glucagon concentrations. Splanchnic glucose output in the patient group was 35% lower than in controls. However, total splanchnic uptake of glucogenic precursors was 100% higher than in controls and showed a direct linear correlation with serum triiodothyronine. Total precursor uptake could account for 75% of splanchnic glucose output in the patients, compared to 26% in controls. The increase in uptake of lactate, alanine, and other amino acids was due to a 35-80% rise in splanchnic fractional extraction plus a 20% rise in estimated hepatic blood flow. When the patients were restudied after medical treatment splanchnic exchange of glucose and glucose precursors had reverted to normal values. The present findings demonstrate that in hyperthyroidism (a) total splanchnic glucose output is reduced in relation to controls, (b) splanchnic uptake of gluconeogenic precursors is accelerated, largely due to a rise in fractional extraction of precursor substrates and to a smaller extent, as a result of an increase in hepatic blood flow, and (c) these changes revert to normal when a euthyroid state has been achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of sterculia bulk on the viscosity of stomal output from twelve patients with ileostomy.

The addition of 15g of sterculia bulk (Inolaxol) to the daily food patients with ileostomy increased the viscosity of the stomal output by roughly 100%. The clinical result of this change was beneficial in 9 out of 12 patients in terms of diminished bandaging difficulties. Adding bulk to the diet of patients with ileostomy may thus facilitate the management of the stoma by increasing the viscosity of the output.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Diabetes and hypoglycemia in chronic pancreatitis.

Fifty-nine patients with chronic pancreatitis were studied in retrospect. The incidence of overt diabetes was high, 36/59. Half of the diabetics were insulin-dependent, and among these labile diabetes with hyperglycemia and high amounts of glucose in the urine was not uncommon. Hypoglycemic episodes were noted in 14 of the 18 insulin-treated patients, and in 3 patients severe hypoglycemia was believed to be the cause of death. Mechanisms leading to such disastrous hypoglycemia are discussed, and a hypothesis regarding lack of glucagon as the cause of severe hypoglycemic attacks was experimentally tested by measuring pancreatic glucagon in plasma in two patients with pancreatic diabetes and severe brain damage following hypoglycemic coma. Low basal glucagon values were found, and the normal rise upon insulin-induced hypoglycemia was not seen. From these results it may be justified to suggest, firstly that glucagon should be used in the management of severe hypoglycemia in chronic pancreatitis, and secondly that a certain degree of hyperglycemia should be allowed in the treatment of diabetes in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effect of noradrenaline on triglyceride and glycogen concentrations in liver and muscle from man.

Fifteen male subjects aged 21-29 were given noradrenaline infusions for 4 hr. The noradrenaline infusions started at a rate of 0.1 mug/kg/min and were increased stepwise at hourly intervals. Blood was sampled before and at hourly intervals during and after the noradrenaline infusions. Needle biopsies were taken from the femoral muscle in 10 subjects and frim the liver in 8 subjects before and after the noradrenaline infusion. The concentrations of FFA in lasma and of beta-hydroxybutyric acid in blood were markedly elevated during noradrenaline infusion. The concentrations of plasma TG and blood glucose were slightly elevated. In liver the TG concentration increased from 23.1 to 32.7 mmole/kh (p smaller than 0.001). It was estimated that the de novo synthesis of TG in the liver could have required about 30% of the plasma FFA entering the slanchnic region. In muscle the TG concentration was 3.6 mmole/kh lower after the noradrenaline infusion (p smaller than 0.001). No change was found in the concentrations of cholesterol and phospholipids in muscle or of cholesterol in liver. The glycogen concentration in muscle did not change during noradrenaline infusion. The decrease in liver glycogen concentration was of the same order of magnitude as previously observed in fasting man. The results suggest that noradrenaline was without major net effects on the metabolism of glycogen in liver and muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Adenine nucleotide content of human liver. Normal values and fructose-induced depletion.

A method is described for the determination of metabolites in liver biopsy samples. Normal values of lactate, pyruvate, and adenine nucleotide content of human liver are presented. Infusion of D-fructose, 5.9 mmol9kg-minus l.h-minus l, for 70 min resulted in a 22.5 per cent decrease of the adenine nucleotide pool (mainly by ATP depletion), increased content of fructose 1-phosphate, lactate, and pyruvate. The extent of adenine nucleotide depletion varied greatly between subjects and appeared related to the degree of increase in plasma urate. Infusion of glucose at the same rate did not affect the hepatic content of adenine nucleotides.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative studies on gastric emptying of Vivasorb.

The stomach clearance following the administration of 210 g Vivasorb in 700 ml water was ascertained in a 22-year-old healthy test subject. In the first hour, 50 g Vivasorb left the stomach, in the second hour 40 g and in the third and fourth hours, 30 g each. By doubling the dilution, the stomach clearance is not accelerated. An isocaloric glucose solution is cleared from the stomach just as rapidly as the Vivasorb solution.

Adult↗