PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L H Small

Publications and source records attributed to L H Small.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Listeners' reactions to misarticulation: a methodological investigation.

It has been shown that listeners react negatively to speakers with abnormal articulation. There is no evidence indicating whether the actual placement of the occurrence of a misarticulation in a passage influences listeners' reactions. Subjects in this study heard a 98-word recording of a speaker feigning a misarticulation of /1/. One group of 20 subjects heard the misarticulation within the first five words of the recording. A second group heard the misarticulation within the first five words of the recording. All subjects rated the speaker on 13 bipolar scales, representing three dimensions of judgment. Findings indicate that the recorded samples were not rated differently. This placement of the token error did not influence subjects' judgments of the speaker.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Listeners' reactions to mild misarticulation of /l/.

Adult listeners heard a 98-word recording of a speaker producing either normal speech, speech containing a single instance of a w/l substitution, or speech containing 10 instances of a w/l substitution. They rated the speaker on 13 bipolar scales, representing three dimensions of judgment. Findings suggest that even a single misarticulation of /l/ was sufficient to generate a negative impression on the dimension of evaluation. Speech with only a single misarticulation was rated as no different from normal speech on dimensions of activity and potency.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Listeners' perceptual strategies in word recognition: shadowing misarticulated speech.

The purpose of the study was to examine the perceptual salience of various types of phonetic, lexical, and prosodic information by examining subjects' responses to altered words in a continuous speech-shadowing task. 48 subjects shadowed a prose passage in which the word initial consonant of 14 two-syllable words was altered by either mispronouncing or deleting it. Analysis of responses showed that subjects made use of lexical stress and stressed vowel information during word recognition to cope with the altered auditory signal.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Stressed vowel perception in word recognition.

The purpose of this study was to measure subjects' ability to detect deliberate stressed, front-vowel misarticulations embedded in two-syllable words. Reaction times to words with various vowel-height misarticulations were examined for 25 women to assess the effect of a specific vowel height change on listeners' ability to recognize a word. Statistical analysis indicated no significant differences between reaction times to initial, stressed vowel changes along the height dimension, suggesting that subjects responded similarly to all vowel errors on the detection task. This finding provides further evidence that stressed-vowel information may serve as a perceptual anchor in guiding a listener during word recognition.

Articulation Disorders↗
PubMed1988

Effects of training and visual distance on speechreading performance.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of training on subjects' ability to speechread sentences at varying visual distances of 3-6 ft., 6-12 ft., and 12-18 ft. 15 college women who received training obtained higher sentence speechreading scores than the 15 untrained women. The emphasis placed on kinesthetic feedback may have assisted the trained subjects' performance; however, distance up to 18 ft. did not appear to affect subjects' ability to speechread sentences, regardless of training.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of practice and instructional set on the measurement of lingual vibrotactile thresholds.

The effects on lingual vibrotactile thresholds of three different instructional sets and three different practice conditions were determined for 30 normal adult subjects. Results showed no measurable differences between thresholds obtained with the use of the three different instructional sets, but a high false alarm rate occurred for all conditions. When a subject was given practice at obtaining thresholds with a particular instructional set as a prerequisite to threshold data collection, false alarm responses disappeared. Lower (more sensitive) thresholds also were achieved when the practice condition used required the subject to provide three thresholds within 1 mu of each other before commencing with actual testing.

Adolescent↗