Neglected vaginal ring pessary.
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Aged, 80 and over↗
Biomedical subjects
L Hannah
Publications and source records attributed to L Hannah.
Quality of life 5-10 years after primary surgery for oral and oro-pharyngeal cancer.
This study reports the quality of life in long-term survivors of oral cancer treated by primary surgery. Two hundred and twenty patients were treated at the Regional Maxillofacial Unit between the years 1987 and 1992, of which 48 were alive and disease free in July 1997. Thirty-eight patients self-completed the following questionnaires: University of Washington Quality of Life Scale (UW-QOL), the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) core QOQ-C30 (v2) and the EORTC Head and Neck (H&N35). Results for this group were compared with the one year findings of a similar prospective cohort treated in 1995. Long-term survivors tended to report a good or excellent quality of life. Quality of life deficits in the long-term survivors were similar to those at one year. However, a larger longitudinal study is required to test this relationship more rigorously. The similarity of domain scores suggests that quality of life evaluation at one year is a useful marker of long-term outcome.
Adult↗
Cytokines and the regulation of apoptosis in reproductive tissues: a review.
PROBLEM: To determine the role of apoptosis-regulating genes bax and bcl-2 in reproduction. METHOD OF STUDY: Review of literature and current data. RESULTS: The bcl-2 family of apoptotic regulatory gene products interact and form dimers of anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g., bcl-2 and bax respectively), the ratio of which determines cell death or survival. Menses is associated with increased apoptosis in the glands, a change in bcl-2:bax ratio and increased levels of the pro-apoptotic cytokine TNFalpha. Apoptosis occurs in all placental cell types and increases from first to third trimester. Placental apoptosis is induced by TNFalpha in vitro and increased levels in utero characterize most failing pregnancies, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and labour. An increased bcl-2:bax ratio and apoptosis in the syncytiotrophoblast characterizes failing first trimester pregnancies. Apoptosis in the syncytiotrophoblast is also associated with IUGR. In a rat model, maternal vitamin A deficiency perturbs fetal development. This is associated with a placental infiltrate of TNFalpha positive neutrophils (day 20) and increased placental apoptosis in areas of infiltration. A similar infiltrate occurs in a mouse model of early pregnancy loss. In the fetal membranes, clusters of bcl-2 negative chorion trophoblast cells undergo apoptosis. This may allow passage of myometrial stimulatory factors that induce labour. CONCLUSION: The ratio of bcl-2:bax is crucial in the regulation of apoptosis, particularly in the human placenta. Changes in trophoblast apoptosis characterize (1) early pregnancy failure, (2) IUGR and (3) pre-term and term labour. Regardless of gestational age, TNFalpha plays a major role in the induction of placental apoptosis.
Animals↗
Differential regulation of melatonin receptors in sheep, chicken and lizard brains by cholera and pertussis toxins and guanine nucleotides.
G-proteins define both the pharmacological characteristics and the signalling pathways of G-protein-coupled receptors. Melatonin receptors have been shown to belong to this class of receptors through their sensitivity to modulators of G-protein function. This study reveals that 2-125I-iodomelatonin (125I-MEL) binding to different target tissues is differentially affected by agents which disrupt the G-protein cycle. GTP gamma S, pertussis (PTX) and cholera (CTX) toxins each reduce 125I-MEL binding to ovine pars tuberalis (oPT) and lizard brain membranes, whereas chicken brain is affected only by GTP gamma S (guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)) and CTX. In contrast, high affinity binding of 125I-MEL in the ovine hippocampus was not affected by any of these agents. This finding, together with the fact that neural binding sites of the sheep brain were found to have markedly lower molecular mass than those of the oPT on native gel electrophoresis (365 vs 525 kDa), suggests that the neural 125I-MEL binding sites in sheep may not be G-protein coupled. Pharmacologically, however, the binding sites in the hippocampus and oPT could not be distinguished using 11 analogues of melatonin. Therefore, these data support the notion not only of multiple forms of melatonin receptor/G-protein complex, but of high affinity binding sites for 125I-MEL which do not display sensitivity to guanine nucleotides.
Animals↗
Role of a children's hospital safety centre in injury control.
Over the past 13 years, child safety centres have been established at several Australian Children's hospitals. In a short time, they have developed an important role in community injury control programmes. These centres provide an efficient conduit for transferring up-to-date injury surveillance and prevention information to families, industry, health and education professionals, and government. The activities of the Child Safety Centre at the Royal Children's Hospital in Melbourne are described, together with ways in which a degree of self-funding can be achieved.
Accident Prevention↗
Transition from bipolar affective disorder to intermittent Cushing's syndrome: case report.
A patient with a 6-year history of bipolar affective disorder who developed cushingoid features during an exacerbation of her psychiatric condition was found to have intermittent hypersecretion of cortisol. Close observation of this patient for 3 years has revealed that her medical and psychiatric symptoms are controlled by suppression of cortisol with bromocriptine.
Bipolar Disorder↗
Analysis of MHC class I expression in equine trophoblast cells using in situ hybridization.
Down-regulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes by trophoblast cells is considered to be a primary mechanism preventing maternal immune rejection of the fetal-placental unit in mammalian pregnancy by rendering these cells, which form the primary barrier between mother and fetus, relatively non-antigenic. In situ hybridization with probes encoding human and horse MHC class I genes was used to characterize the pattern of MHC class I mRNA expression in the various forms of horse trophoblast. Strong hybridization signals were observed in the invasive trophoblast cells of chorionic girdle tissue. In contrast, no hybridization signal specific for MHC class I mRNA transcripts was observed in the descendent endometrial cup trophoblast cells. In the non-invasive trophoblast cells of the allantochorion, no hybridization signals specific for horse MHC class I mRNA transcripts were consistently detected. In parallel to the in vivo results, strong hybridization signals were observed in the small, mononuclear cells present in chorionic girdle cell explant cultures, but not in the population of large binucleate cells corresponding to endometrial cup cells. The results obtained using in situ hybridization are consistent with the hypothesis that expression of MHC class I genes may be controlled at the transcriptional level in horse invasive and non-invasive trophoblast cells, and suggest that down-regulation of MHC class I antigen expression in endometrial cup cells may be accomplished by the same mechanisms in vivo and in vitro.
Animals↗