PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Hary

Publications and source records attributed to L Hary.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Pituitary response to bilateral adrenalectomy, metyrapone treatment and ether stress in the newborn rat.

ACTH level, determined by radioimmunoassay, has been used as a reliable test to investigate pituitary response to bilateral adrenalectomy, metyrapone treatment and ether stress in 8-day-old rat newborns. The pituitary gland able to enhance ACTH release significantly, first in response to the decrease in plasma corticosteroid levels induced either by bilateral adrenalectomy or by metyrapone inhibition of the corticosteroidogenesis, and second in response to 2 min of ether exposure. This latter response was greater in females than in males but smaller in neonates than in adults. These data suggest that the steroid-feedback mechanism was operating fully at the 8th postnatal day and that central mechanisms partially responded to external signals of stress. However, a relative 'stress-non-responsive period' was evident by the 8th postnatal day. The newborn rat's hypothalamic-pituitary axis has partially matured to be responsive to stress by the end of the first week after birth.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1976

[Bronchial mediators and receptors: current data].

This is a very precise study of the mechanisms which intervene in bronchial motility. It is apparent that the most important recent acquisitions in the realm of bronchial mediators, over these last 10 years remains: the demonstration in the animal and in man of the duality between adrenergic bronchoconstriction of alpha nature and adrenergic bronchoconstriction of beta-2 nature, the duality of the effects of prostaglandins (PGF2 alpha broncho-constrictive, and PGE2 bronchodilator), and the role of cyclic AMP at the junction of the action of numerous substances which are active on the bronchial musculature.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct vascular actions of methyclothiazide and indapamide in aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

In vitro experiments were designed to assess the inhibitory effect of the thiazide diuretics methyclothiazide (MCTZ), the hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), and the thiazide-related diuretic indapamide (IND) on contractile responses to norepinephrine (NE) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) of aortic rings from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Changes in the tension of aortic ring preparations were measured isometrically. MCTZ (10(-4) M) induced endothelium-dependent inhibition of the vasoconstrictor responses to NE and AVP only in aortas from SHR, and the maximal vasoconstrictive effect of NE and AVP was decreased by 59 +/- 11% and 32.3 +/- 13%, respectively. Indapamide (10(-4) M) also induced endothelium-dependent inhibition of the contractile response to AVP in aortic rings from SHR, and the maximal vasoconstrictive effect of AVP was decreased by 33 +/- 5%. In contrast, HCTZ did not inhibit the contractile response to either NE or AVP, even at the highest concentration. This study provides evidence that methyclothiazide and indapamide inhibit the contractile response induced by norepinephrine and/or arginine vasopressin on SHR aortic preparations via an endothelium-dependent mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurologic side effects of fluoroquinolones. Apropos of 9 cases concerning pefloxacin].

Neurological side-effects were a limiting factor with older quinolones. Although they appear to be less frequent with the newer fluoroquinolones, we observed nine such cases at Amiens University Hospital over a four-year period. The patients were six women and three men, with a mean age of 61 years. They received a mean dose of 800 mg/day of pefloxacin. Four had septic shock, one left ventricular failure, and seven had signs of cholestasis (signs of liver failure were absent). Neurological manifestations occurred between 24 hours and seven days after starting treatment and disappeared within 24 to 48 hours of stopping the drug or reducing the dosage. They included myoclonia (3 cases), convulsions (2 cases, one with concomitant theophylline), delirium and agitation (2 cases, one in a patient on steroids) and confusion (3 cases). Plasma drug levels were determined in six patients and were above normal peak levels (10 micrograms/ml) in five. Pefloxacin was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid in two cases (8.7 and 15.0 micrograms/ml). Neurological manifestations during pefloxacin treatment are probably related to overdose (plasma levels were above normal in 5/6 cases), possibly being favoured by cholestasis (7/9 cases) and/or hemodynamic factors (5/9). Symptoms can resolve when the pefloxacin dosage is reduced.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and pharmacokinetic study of pefloxacin in spontaneous ascitic fluid infections].

Ten patients with spontaneous ascitic fluid infections received intravenously 400 mg of pefloxacin for pharmacokinetic evaluation of the drug and its diffusion into peritoneal space. The patients were then treated with oral pefloxacin (400 mg every 36 h except for icteric patients: 48 h) during 21 days. Total body clearance was decreased (0.66 +/- 0.16 ml/min/kg) and elimination half life was increased as compared to that observed in normal subject (28.2 +/- 7.6 h), the longest half-lives being observed in the cases with the most severe alteration of hepatic function. Peritoneal concentrations were higher than 1 microgram/ml (i.e. exceeding the minimal inhibitory concentrations for most of the bacterial species involved in ascitic fluid infections) from the first half-hour after infusion to at least 36 hours. 9 of the 10 cases were cured. Pefloxacin provided a well spaced rythm of administration is a suitable antibacterial drug for ascitic fluid infections in cirrhotic patients with two advantages: its effectiveness against Enterobacteriaceae and an oral administration.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison of the fluoride bioavailability from two oral preparations of monofluorophosphate disodium in combination with various calcium salts].

We studied, in twelve healthy volunteers, the pharmacokinetics of inorganic fluoride and calcium variations in serum and urine, parathormone variations in serum after administration of two oral preparations containing 100 mg of disodium monofluorophosphate (13.2 mg F as element) with different calcium salts (500 mg Ca as element). Fluoride was estimated in serum and urine with an ion specific electrode. The fluoride bioavailability from two preparations is identical with an areas under the curve corresponding to 61.05 and 62.53 mumols.l-1 h (after deduction of physiological fluoride concentrations) and urinary fluoride excretion after 72 hours corresponding to 266.6 and 246.1 mumols. The plasma peak appearance is rapid (one hour) and similar. The significant increase of urinary Ca-Creat ratio (70 to 100%) is identical four hours after drug administration. In the same way, a significant and early decrease of intact PTH in serum, measured with chemiluminometric method, was observed from two drugs. From these observations we may conclude that the two preparations are biologically equivalent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Convulsions associated with the administration of excessive dose of ceftazidime in patients with renal failure].

Central neurological diseases caused by beta-lactamins are usually associated with excessive dosages in patients with renal failure. Two case reports of convulsive encephalopathy in patients treated with ceftazidime, show the absolute necessity of adapted posology, in case of renal dysfunction. In one case, we could follow plasma levels of ceftazidime during hemodialysis, and calculated the pharmacokinetic parameters. We conclude that extra renal epuration is an efficient technique in case of acute ceftazidime intoxication.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition: pharmacologic rationale and evaluations of drug combinations].

First-line antihypertensive monotherapy is effective in normalizing blood pressure in approximatively 50 per cent of patients. Normalization in the remaining patients may require a combination of two or more drugs. This review considers the rationale and the evaluation of combinations with drugs interacting with the renin-angiotensin system (i.e. angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor antagonists) with other drugs. The combinations may be justified when giving an additive or synergistic action and when reducing clinical or metabolic side-effects. Recent developments concern the potential benefit of combining ACEI and angiotensin receptor antagonists.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗