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Biomedical subjects

L Hausmann

Publications and source records attributed to L Hausmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Effect of an oral contraceptive (ethinylestradiol/D-norgestrel) on growth hormone and insulin secretion].

The growth hormone, insulin and blood glucose values were measured during a glucose tolerance test in 12 women before and after 3 months' use of a contraceptive of the sequential type (11 pills containing 0.05 mg D-norgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinylestradiol and 10 pills containing 0.125 mg D-norgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinylestradiol). Neither fasting blood glucose nor glucose tolerance are altered during administration of the contraceptive steroids. On the other hand, the reactive insulin level is significantly increased in comparison to the basal value, thus showing the signs of hyperinsulinemia. Both the gestagens and the estrogens appear to contribute to this disturbance of insulin secretion. Presumably the hyperinsulinemia is an expression of decreased sensitivity of the peripheral tissue to insulin. The growth hormone, a so-called insulin antagonist, is not responsible for the "insulin resistance" observed. The values measured by us after administration of the contraceptive do not significantly differ from the basal values.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Fatty acid patterns and glucose tolerance in Huntington's chorea (author's transl)].

Fatty acid patterns of plasma lipids and glucose-tolerance in Huntington's chorea. 25 patients with Huntington's chorea of various manifestation (9 predisposed symptomefree, 5 with light and 11 with severe manifestation) had studies of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. These studies measured glucose-tolerance tests, insulin-, HGH-secretion, serum lipids and plasma fatty acid conposition of the cholesterylesters, triglycerides and phospholipids. The reactive insulin- but not HGH-levels were significantly raised, 32 % of the patients with Huntington's chorea had abnormal glucose-tolerance tests, compared with 3.2 % in a control group. Duration of symptoms correlated with higher cholesterol levels. Minor deviations were found in the fatty acid patterns in various lipid clases.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1976

Alteration of plasma lipids and intermediates of lipid metabolism in healthy fasting volunteers by ethanol and fructose.

After healthy persons, aged between 20 and 35 years, had consumed either ethanol or ethanol and fructose, triglycerides, free glycerol, FFA, phospholipids and total cholesterol were determined. After a basic dosage of 0.5 g ethanol/kg body weight, each person received a maeintenance dosage of 0.1 g ethanol/kg body weight and hour. Control experiments were carried out on persons receiving only fructose and on fasting persons who consumed no ethanol. After 8 hrs, triglycerides rose in the ethanol group by 107 %, in the ethanol-fructose group by 63 %. FFA exhibited in both ethanol and ethanol-fructose groups an initial decrease, with a secondary increase in the ethanol group. The initial decrease was greater in the ethanol-fructose group. A significant rise in free glycerol by 419 % was observed 30 min after the intake of combined ethanol/fructose. Free glycerol rose under ethanol alone by 144%. The ohospholipids exhibited a slight rise in the ethanol group; no significant changes occured in the cholesterol. The blood ethanol level was lower under ethanol-fructose than under ethanol alone. The addition of fructose diminishes the ethanol-induced hypertriglyceridemia. Our investigations give further proof that, under short-term ethanol load, the fatty acids necessary for the increased triglyceride synthesis in the liver, originate predominantly from a peripheral lipolysis, and that changes in liver metabolism depending on the oxidation of ethanol are not of less importance for the development of the acute ethanol-induced hyperlipidemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Swollen lymph nodes of the neck as a cardinal symptom of lymphoepithelioma (Schmincke-Regaud) (author's transl)].

Of two cases of lymphoepithelioma (Schmincke-Regaud) is given report. Swollen lymph nodes of the neck, which in the beginning have been thought to be inflammatory, persisted in the first case five years, at the second patient one year before diagnosis. In both cases the tumor originated from the epipharynx. After X-raying both patients since 2 1/2 years are free of recidivation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Insulin and proinsulin secretion under contraceptive steroid administration (author's transl)].

An ivestigation has been performed in 49 women about the influence exerted on the glucose-tolerance, insulin and proinsulin secretion by hormonal contraceptives of different types and compositions. A disturbed dynamics of the insulin secretion with elevated values in the OGTT at two and three hours has been proven at a nearly equal degree using combined preparations (Anacyclin, Eugynon, Neogynon, Mikrogynon) or sequential preparations (Kombiquens, Ovanon). Though there has been interference with the glucose tolerance, the serum proinsulin in the OGTT showed increased levels too. When a combined preparation was applied, the proinsulin values were significantyl higher compared to a sequential type contraceptive. The observed disturbance of the insulin and proinsulin secretion is explained by a decreased sensitivity to insulin in the peripheral fat tissue. The actual dose of the estrogen-gestagen components has no influence on the described changes. Elevated insulin levels are demonstrable already during the first treatment cycle. The degree of the disturbance is independent of the duration of the medicamentous application during the first 6 contraceptive months. After withdrawal of the respective contraceptive steroid the insulin secretion showed nearly normal dynamics during the subseqeunt menstrual cycle.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1975

[Basal and reactive proinsulin and insulin secretion in overweight women (author's transl)].

Serum proinsulin and insulin levels were measured on 55 normal or overweight women before and after oral glucose administration. The proinsulin proportion of basal total insulin was 70% in women of normal weight. With increasing overweight the relation shifted in favour of insulin. After stimulation with glucose, proinsulin levels were significantly raised, analogous to total insulin, but les marked than the latter. The increased total insulin excretion in obesity was, therefore, largely due to insulin and less to proinsulin. The greater the overweight the later maximal insulin levels were reached after oral glucose administration: proinsulin peaks occurred later than insulin peaks. Measurement of areas from single values and corresponding times for proinsulin and insulin, after stimulation, indicated their significant correlation with the degree of overweight. In women of more than 70% overweight (Broca index), reactive proinsulin and insulin excretion decreased again despite an increase in body weight. They had a definitely reduced carbohydrate tolerance. After reduction in body weight previously increased proinsulin levels fell again. The significance of higher proinsulin levels in fasting subjects, which increased after stimulation and with overweight but were in percentage terms less than those of reactive insulin, remains unexplained.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Adaptation of red cell enzymes and intermediates in metabolic disorders.

The metabolic activity of the red cell glycolytic pathway hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) with dependent glutathione system was studied in patients with hyperthyroidism (n = 10), hyperlipoproteinemia (n = 16), hypoglycemia (n = 25) and hyperglycemia (n = 23). In uncontrolled diabetics and patients with hyperthyroidism the mean value of glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), glutathione reductase (GR) was increased, whereas these enzyme activities were reduced in patients with hypoglycemia. Apart from a few values of hexokinase (HK) which were lower than normal the results in hyperlipoproteinemia patients remained essentially unchanged, including the intermediates such as 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced glutathione (GSH). While increased rates of 2,3-DPG and ATP in hypoglycemia patients were obtained, these substrates were markedly reduced in diabetics.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1975

[Radioimmunologic proinsulin determination in the serum using an "insulin-catabolizing protease" from the rat liver].

Proinsulin determinations in human serum are of particular interest, because proinsulin represents only a fraction of the biological activity of insulin. Proinsulin like components are determined by means of an "Insulin Degrading Protease" (ISP) which degrades insulin into non-radioimmunoassayable fission products. The radioimmunoassay before and after incubation with this enzyme provides values for the total-insulin and the proinsulin. The preparation of the ISP is done by homogenization and ultracentrifugation of fresh liver tissue followed by dialysation and dryfreezing. After further concentration by adsorption to a calcium-phosphate-gel the ISP degrades pure porcine insulin within 20' down to a rest of 9%, but only 7% of pure porcine proinsulin is altered. The proinsulin values provided this way are reproducible and exact enough for the clinical use. They correspond largely to those methods using chromatographic columns. In 13 persons the proinsulin fraction of the total insulin after stimulation with glucose and tolbutamid has been registered. The proinsulin shows in the oral glucose tolerance test compared to insulin a lower and delayed increase. After tolbutamid only minor changes of proinsulin values have been seen. As long as it is difficult to prepare a proinsulin specific antibody for a direct proinsulin radioimmunoassay, the ISP-method is even qualified for extensive proinsulin determinations in human serum.

Animals↗