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Biomedical subjects

L Hurtado

Publications and source records attributed to L Hurtado.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Altitude and infant growth in Bolivia: a longitudinal study.

The growth of 79 healthy, well-nourished lowland (400 M) and highland (3600 M) Bolivian infants was analyzed in a longitudinal study through the first postnatal year. Compared to low altitude infants, the high altitude infants were found, by analysis of covariance controlling for size at the previous exam, to be significantly shorter at birth, 1 and 6 months, while they were significantly lighter only at birth and 1 year. Recumbent length gain was slower in the high altitude infants in the early months of life, while weight gain did not differ between altitudes. The observed lower weights at high altitude throughout the first year appear to be due to a persistence of lower weights seen at birth and not to postnatal growth retardation. Significantly greater triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness measurements were found in the highland group, despite their smaller length and weight. The possible causes and implications of the greater fat accumulation in the highland infants are discussed.

Altitude↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of the electrocardiogram to predict the pattern of left ventricular contraction in ischemic cardiopathy].

A correlative electrocardiographic and ventriculographic study was performed in a series of 100 patients with clinical and electrocardiographic diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. The analysis was focused on the possibility of predicting ventricular contraction pattern (VCP) disturbances, through electrocardiographic signs of coronary insufficiency. Two main groups were separated on the basis of the presence of necrosis. There were 66 cases with necrosis, and 34 without it. The type of VCP was calssified in accordance with the criterion of Herman et al. in: asyneresis, akinesis and dyskininesis. The degree of coronary narrowing was arbitrarily evalued as less than 50%, between 50 and 75%, and over 75% of the lumen.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The hospital course of patients with acute myocardial infarction after discharge from the coronary unit].

The in-hospital clinical course of 100 patients discharged from the CCU with a Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) were studied at the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez" 86 were men and 14 women, the age in the majority was between 50 and 80 years. The diaphragmatic necrosis was predominant. 11 patients had angina pectoris after the infarction, five cardiac failure, 4 a new AMI and 5 died (5%). Coronary angiography was performed in 35 patients, and treadmill test at 63. The treadmill test results had a good correlation with the angiographic findings. Coronary bypass grafts surgery was performed in 18 patients, 17 had good evolution, without post surgery angina or cardiac failure. One died at the OR. 3 pts more had PTCA, two in the AD and one a circumflex incomplete dilatation. All 3 were discharged asymptomatic. Four patients had another AMI, two died with cardiogenic shock, and two good clinical course, including one who had AMI after had graft surgery. Five pts died. Two with another AMI, one at the OR and two had a sudden death. One of these had previous cardiac failure and PVC. It is concluded that: patients with a new AMI and cardiac failure have poor prognosis. The coronary graft surgery has great therapeutic value in pts with angina post AMI. The treadmill test has a good correlation with the coronary damage found at angiography.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Myocardial revascularization. The evolution of 100 cases].

The postoperative course of 100 pts. that underwent aorto-coronary bypass surgery was studied at the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez": 84 were men and 16 women between 37 and 74 years. 56 had previous history of myocardial infarction, while in 16 of them occurred within 30 days of the surgical procedure. 88 had symptomatic angina and 8 were in cardiac failure. The coronariography showed trivascular lesions in 73% and 8 pts. had stenosis of the left main coronary artery. Two pts. had 5 coronary grafts, 4 had 17, 3 had 37, two 35 and one 9 pts. All anterior descending coronary arteries were grafted. 61 of them and the 8 main left damaged were grafted with internal mammary artery Afert surgery; 15 pts had AMI, 4 profuse bleeding, one cardiac failure and shock. CPK enzyme levels of 500 were found in the majority of the pts with AMI with 81.2 positive predictive value and negative of 97.6. Three pts died, two at the OR with cardiac failure one of them had ventricular rupture, and the last at the ICU also with cardiac failure. We emphasize that CPK values of 500 UI or more in the postoperative course may be diagnostic of AMI.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electrophysiological studies in permanent atrial paralysis].

Permanent atrial paralysis is a very rare entity characterized by absence of electrical and mechanical activity of the atria which persists for months or years. We present a patient with congestive cardiomyopathy and chronic atrial paralysis. The phonomechanocardiographic study confirmed the absence of mechanical contraction of the atrium and did not show atrial electrical activity in the superficial electrocardiogram nor in the intracavitary tracing. In the electrophysiological study of the biopsy of the atrial myocardium an unexcitable tissue was found with an important diastolic despolarization of 30 mv. The histologic and ultrastructural studies showed nonspecific changes, with the replacement of the myocardial cells by fibrous tissue.

Heart Atria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hospital course of acute myocardial infarction treated with or without anticoagulants].

Three hundred patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were studied. Half of them received anticoagulant treatment with heparin and acenocoumarin (Group I) The other 150 patients did not have anticoagulant therapy (Group II) Both groups were similar in age, sex, prior history of diabetes, arterial hypertension or smoking habits. The incidence of persistent angina, arrhythmias, pulmonary embolism and re-infarction was not different for both groups. The mortality was slightly higher in group II. Of the patients who died, the autopsy demonstrated fresh thrombi in all cases of both groups; in addition, most of the patients of group II hemorrhage of the coronary artery wall was found.

Acenocoumarol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of hypoxia on atrio-ventricular conduction in severe respiratory insufficiency].

The role of hipoxia on A-V conduction was studied in the patients with severe respiratory insufficiency. Intervals of A-V conduction were measured under basal conditions, breathing room air and with increasing atrial rates. Results are compared with those obtained after the administration of 99% oxygen. A-V conduction times were normal in all the patients while breathing room air and in response to atrial pacing. With oxygen administration most patients had a decrease in A-V conduction at the expense of a prolonged A-H time, without significant alteration of the other time intervals. A-V conduction in chronic hipoxia with a PaO2 above 28 mm Hg is not delayed. Intranodal conduction delay with oxygen administration may be due to a decrease in sympathetic nerve stimulation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute myocardial infarct with cardiogenic shock].

Cardiogenic shock is the most severe complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) complicated with shock has the highest mortality. Between january 1980 and june 1983, 903 patients with AMI were admitted to the CCU of the Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog ía; in 38 of them (4.2%) shock ensued. Of the patients with shock, 52.6% died soon after arrival and 25% died soon after shock developed. Only 10 patients could be controlled with a Swan-Ganz catheter and could be treated according to the hemodynamic features. Nine of them were males, the majority older than 60. Three of the 10, had a previous myocardial infarction, 4 had angina 1 arterial hypertension, and 1 diabetes. The AMI was anterior in five patients, diaphragmatic and lateral in one, diaphragmatic with right ventricular extension in two, lateral in one and antero septal in the last one. The clinical manifestations of angina persisted in 6. The shock state appeared in most of the cases during the first 6 hours. The PWP was higher than 18 mm Hg in all the patients. The cardiac index was less than 2, the systemic blood pressure under 90 mmHg and the peripheral resistance was elevated in all the cases. They were treated with digitalis, Dopamine and Sodium Nitroprusiate . Nine of the 10 patients died; five had post mortem examination. The coronary arteries were occluded with a recent thrombi and the necrosis involved more than 40.0% of the ventricular mass.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The late follow-up evolution of myocardial infarct].

The aim of this paper was to study the long term evolution of patients (one to five years) after an acute myocardial infarction. Three hundred and twenty questionnaires were sent to patients admitted and diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction in the private sector of the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez". One hundred seventy five useful answers were obtained. Of these patients, coronariography was performed in 132 during the acute episode. In 57 CABG was performed. Most of them had three vessels or main left coronary artery occlusions. In the late long term evolution 68 patients had angor pectoris, 16 had unstable angina, more advanced lesions were found in 14 of them in a new angiographic study. In nine CABG was performed, three were treated with angioplasty, in two there was no indication for intervention. One had a new myocardial infarction and one died. Only four patients had a new myocardial infarction, two of them died, and another one had heart failure. In three of them a new angiographic study showed significant occlusion of the main left coronary artery. Eight patients died between the second and fourth year of evolution, in two it was a sudden death, two had a new myocardial infarction, three had heart failure and in one the cause of death was a stroke. Ten patients died during the first year of evolution the main cause was sudden death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗