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Biomedical subjects

L I Geller

Publications and source records attributed to L I Geller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Non-ulcer dyspepsia syndrome].

In one thousand of 1500 examinees with nonulcerous dyspepsia the syndrome was due to chronic gastritis, duodenitis and gastroduodenitis, in five hundred of them it was attributed to probable dysfunction of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Morphological evidence of chronic gastritis activity is essential but not the only factor affecting the dyspepsia syndrome. Of importance are also motor dysfunctions: high intragastric and/or intraduodenal pressure, unbalance of intracavitary pressure parameters, gastroesophageal and duodenogastric refluxes. A significant contamination of antral mucosa with Helicobacter pylori aggravated dyspeptic manifestations.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Drug effects on gallbladder motility (based on dynamic ultrasonic data)].

Ultrasound registration of changes in gallbladder volume by the method of cylinder sum allows reliable means of studying gallbladder contractility in response to pharmacological load. Cerucal increased this activity in chronics with gastroduodenitis and diabetes mellitus, pentagastrin reduced the gallbladder volume. In duodenal ulcer patients a single dose of dalargin dilated the gallbladder for a short time, while in course treatment did not influence it. Gastrocepin inhibited motor activity of gallbladder as well as corinfar.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Duodenal ulcers that do not heal for a long time].

The investigations of 43 duodenal ulcer cases in the patients whose ulcers failed to cicatrize after a 8-week treatment with almagel and vicalin or cimetidine monotherapy revealed the role of the hereditary load, smoking intensity, initial ulcer dimensions, the presence of antral erosions and a pronounced periulcerous duodenitis in the phenomenon of slow healing duodenal ulcer. There was no statistical difference between the values of the basal and pentagastrin-stimulated levels of hydrochloric acid secretion in the morning, partial alkaline gastric secretion, gastrinemia, the rate of evacuation of the gastric contents into the duodenum, the outcome of pancreatic bicarbonates in the sample with exogenic secretin in those whose ulcers cicatrized after a 6-week therapy and those who failed to be cured after being exposed to the same therapy during 8 weeks. The production of hydrochloric acid in the evening and the incidence of manifest duodenal reflux were significantly higher in the patients with slowly healing ulcer. They also had a decreased sensitivity to the intraduodenal inflow of the hydrochloric acid that resulted in the increase of endogenic secretin (stimulating the production of pancreatic bicarbonates and their transport into the duodenum). In case the combination treatment with almagel and vicalin failed, the therapy with gastrocepin or sucralfate was employed. A supplementary course of sucralfate helped to reach a complete healing of noncomplicated ulcers even in the patients in whom the preceding cimetidine treatment failed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Cholecystokinin incretion and the pharmacological effects on it in patients with chronic pancreatitis].

In patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) (cholepancreatitis and primary recurrent pancreatitis), a moderate decrease of urocholecystokinin (UCK) excretion as a criterion for incretion of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CK) by duodenal endocrine cells was recorded in the presence of concomitant atrophic duodenitis. The beta-adrenoblocker obsidan, the blocker of m-cholinergic receptors gastrozepin, the antagonist of calcium channels finoptin and the synthetic analog of endogenous opiates dalargin reduced excretion of UCK in CP exacerbation. The decrease of CK incretion can be viewed as one of the mechanisms of the therapeutic action of these drugs in CP exacerbations. In the stage of CP remission, calcium gluconate consistently increased basal and intraduodenal oil (as a realizer of CK incretion) infusion-stimulated excretion of UCK. The enhancement of duodenal incretory activity is an essential mediating mechanism by which calcium gluconate stimulates pancreatic enzyme excretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of cimetidine and gastrozepin on liver function and the pharmacotherapy of "hepatogenous" gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions].

Toxic hepatitis developed but in one out of 127 peptic ulcer patients treated with cimetidine. In patients (n-142) treated with gastrozepine, no cases of toxic hepatitis were recorded. These anti-ulcer agents did not influence absorptive capacities of the liver or hepatic blood flow. Meanwhile microsomal exidase (antitoxic) function of hepatocytes noticeably declined as a result of cimetidine treatment in every 8th patient with peptic ulcer subjected to the continuous 5-week treatment with the drug and in every 5th patient given the treatment (maintenance included) for a longer time. In patients suffering from liver cirrhosis with secondary gastroduodenal ulcers or multiple erosions, the 5-week treatment either with almagel and platyphylline or gastrozepine provided approximately similar results and promoted ulcer and erosion healing in half the cases. Adjuvant 3-week therapy with sucralfate (venter) having cytoprotective properties led to the disappearance of gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions in 23 out of 26 patients, in whom the previous treatment was ineffective.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Gastrin and the exocrine-incretory activity of the pancreas in patients with chronic pancreatitis].

In patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis with concomitant atrophic antral gastritis, gastrinemia is less whereas the response of pancreatic enzymic secretion to pentagastrin is more potent than in patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis without atrophic alterations in the gastroduodenal mucosa. The pancreas-stimulating effect of pentagastrin administered in a dose of 6 micrograms/kg is approximately equal to the action of 0.5 U/kg pancreozymine and noticeably yields to the effect of 1.5 U/kg pancreozymine (according to the criteria for output of intraduodenally secreted lipase and trypsin). The same diagnostic dose of pentagastrin used commonly for gastric secretion studies not only stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion but also enhances the activity of beta-cells of Langerhans' islets of the pancreas in accordance with insulinemia and blood C-peptide determined by RIA.

C-Peptide↗
PubMed1991

[The differential diagnosis of primary and secondary diabetes mellitus in pancreatitis patients].

A prospective study is presented of large groups of patients with primary and secondary (in patients with acute of chronic pancreatitis) diabetes. Clinical actual problems of differential diagnosis of these conditions using clinical and paraclinical methods of diagnosis. The authors describe the most difficult diagnostic situations and orientate the physicians how to manage them.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Functional sequelae and clinical importance of atrophic duodenitis].

As compared to healthy persons and patients with non-atrophic duodenitis, patients with atrophic duodenitis manifest a decrease of gallbladder contractility as shown by the ultrasonography data. In chronic pancreatitis with concomitant atrophic duodenitis, the degree of a decrease in pancreatic enzymic secretion is more considerable than in patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis without duodenitis or from non-atrophic duodenitis. Comparison of the tests for enhancement of the incretion of endogenous cholecystokinin-pancreozymin and with intravenous injection of the hormone formed the basis for regarding incretory duodenal insufficiency as a cause of hypomotor dyskinesia of the gallbladder and deepening of pancreatic enzymic secretion inhibition in cases with atrophic duodenitis. The data obtained may be of importance for estimating the mechanisms of the impairment of gallbladder contractility and pancreatic enzymic secretion in alimentary diseases as well as for prognosis determination and choice of therapeutic modalities.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1991

[Erosive reflux-esophagitis and its treatment].

Altogether 78 patients were examined over time. They had erosive reflux esophagitis that complicated the course of duodenal ulcer (in 42 patients, hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid was the leading mechanism of the disease development) and chronic gastroduodenitis (36 persons manifested failure of the inferior sphincter of the esophagus with or without excess acid output). In patients with peptic ulcer exacerbation, the four-week treatment with cimetidine or gastrozepine compared very favourably with almagel and vicalin as regards the treatment efficacy. In chronic gastroduodenitis, the combination of almagel, vicalin and cerucal produced a therapeutic effect that did not yield to the effect of cimetidine or gastrozepine. In 1/5-2/5 of cases, erosive esophagitis was not amenable by the four-week treatment. In 17 out of 18 such patients, the two-week therapy with sucralfat (venter) resulted in the disappearance of esophagitis with multiple erosions. During 1-2 years, erosive reflux esophagitis recurred in 11 out of 34 patients with peptic ulcer and in 2 out of 17 suffering from chronic gastroduodenitis. In all the cases, the disease recurred in those patients who had not received systematic treatment with antisecretory and cytoprotector agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The use of ultrasonic amplitude histography in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis].

Ultrasound amplitude histography was used to evaluate structural disorders of the pancreas in patients with chronic pancreatitis. The amplitude histogram peak proved to be higher in chronic pancreatitis that in healthy subjects. The method enables to differentiate patients according to the severity of the disease characterized by the level of pancreatic enzyme-secretory insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The significance of trypsin, amylase and lipase activities in the blood serum for the differential,diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and other diseases of the abdominal organs].

An investigation of 122 patients with chronic recurrent pancreatitis at different stages of the disease revealed that the most important informative diagnostic value belongs to the level of blood serum trypsin. Transition to the remission stage may be considered only after normalization of the parameters of blood pancreatic enzymes which showed in 1/4 of all cases a 1-2 week delay in normalization of clinical signs of exacerbation. The level of pancreatic amylase, lipase and trypsin in the blood is not able to characterize the external secretory activity of the pancreas but is reflecting the phenomenon of enzyme "deviation" depending on the degree of destructive processes in the pancreas.

Amylases↗
PubMed1990

[Are the results of intragastric pH-metry and measurements of the pH of extracted gastric juice comparable?].

Fundal pH and pH of withdrawn gastric juice were measured under basal condition (with no stimulants used) in normal subjects and patients with chronic moderately severe and marked fundal gastritis and duodenal ulcer (altogether 96 examinees). Aspiration pH-metry with a tube designed by Ye. Yu. Linar was employed. Comparison of the results revealed statistically significant differences (the 'agreement criterion') in the pH values obtained by the compared methods. Low pH values were more frequent in intragastric fundal pH-metry, possibly at the expense of the presence of not only acid but of the antral-alkaline component in the withdrawn gastric juice. These differences should be taken into consideration in the clinical laboratory diagnosis.

Duodenal Ulcer↗