Biomedical subjects

L I Shuster

Publications and source records attributed to L I Shuster.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

The perception of correctly and incorrectly produced /r/.

Twenty-six children and adolescents who were unable to produce /r/ correctly were administered a listening task. They were asked to listen to a tape of 200 words containing /r/ in a variety of contexts. Half of the words had been produced by the subjects themselves and half by another speaker who produced /r/ incorrectly. In addition, half of the words from each speaker contained an /r/ that was incorrect whereas the other half contained an /r/ that was edited so that it sounded correct. Subjects made judgments for each word regarding the correctness of the /r/ and the identity of the speaker. Subjects performed significantly more poorly in judging their own incorrect utterances than on any other category of utterance. When judging their own "corrected" utterances, they were more successful at deciding whether the /r/ was correct than in identifying the identity of the speaker. The results provide support for a relationship between speech perception and production in some individuals with a phonological disorder.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Linear predictive coding parameter manipulation/synthesis of incorrectly produced /r/.

This study describes the manipulation and synthesis of LPC parameters to edit incorrectly produced utterances. In particular, it shows that formant frequencies can be manipulated to produce a consistent and reliable change in perception. It also demonstrates that this method can be used to produce quality synthesis of high-pitched voices.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

The use of different service delivery models for children with phonological disorders.

A group of 12 preschool children with phonological process errors was selected, and individual subjects were randomly assigned to one of two treatments that differed in relation to service delivery. Group I received a treatment that was administered exclusively by the clinician. Group II received a combination that included clinician administered treatment and parent administered instruction with the Speech Viewer system. Results indicate that both groups improved significantly, but they did not differ significantly from each other in the degree of change. Implications with respect to the service delivery options and their respective components are discussed.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗

PubMed1993

Interpretation of speech science measures.

There are a variety of objective measures that can aid in diagnosis, selection of goals for therapy, and measurement of progress. Much of the instrumentation that is necessary to perform these measures is available for use in microcomputers, so it is within the budgets of most clinics and school systems. Although the measures described above are objective, the clinician must be cautious in their interpretation. A number of these measures are maximum performance tests of speech. Kent, Kent, and Rosenbek (1987) note that the database on these types of measurements is inadequate. In addition, performance is highly variable and dependent on factors such as client motivation, instructions provided, and whether the client is given practice first. For this reason, the clinician must consider standard deviations as well as means when using the normative data. The preceding review is not intended to be exhaustive, nor is it intended to provide enough information for clinicians to be able to perform these measurements. The intent is to describe the potential clinical utility of the measures and to spark the interest of clinicians so they will persue the matter further. It is also not the intent of this article to encourage clinicians to stop using perceptual judgments in the clinic. Pannbacker and Middleton (1990) advocate the use of both perceptual and objective measures in assessing velopharyngeal insufficiency; however, these combined measures should be considered in the diagnosis of any speech disorder. Ultimately, it is the degree to which speech sounds deviant to a naive listener that determines whether an individual's speech is a problem.

Female↗

PubMed1991

Modification of context-specific nasal emission.

An adult patient with context-specific nasal emission was enrolled in a treatment program that attempted to modify the problem through a combination of biofeedback and articulation training. Prior to, during, and at the termination of treatment, perceptual, acoustic, and physiologic measures were obtained. The data indicate that the articulatory pattern was modified and that such patterns are subject to change through speech treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Motor-motor adaptation: preliminary findings.

This study investigated the relationship between speech perception and speech production. An experimental technique called motor-motor adaptation was devised. Subjects produced a speech token repeatedly (20 to 40 repetitions), then produced a second token one time. These tokens all contained stop consonants and were subsequently analyzed for voice onset time. The results paralleled previous findings using the experimental procedure, perceptuomotor adaptation. The present study supports the notion of a perception-production link.

Adaptation, Physiological↗

PubMed1986

Reliability and performance of the acoustic reflectometer.

Test-retest reliability and performance of an acoustic reflectometer were evaluated for 78 patients in two clinical settings. For a majority of the cases, the repeat measurements did not vary by more than one or two units from the first measurement. The accuracy of the instrument, when compared with standard clinical instruments, indicated that the acoustic reflectometer performed adequately with cases of middle ear effusion and could be used most effectively as a supplement to pneumatic otoscopy.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Acoustic patterns of an adolescent with multiple articulation errors.

This is a case study on an adolescent who demonstrated multiple articulation errors. In particular, an acoustic analysis was performed on the same features as those investigated by Kent and Forner (1980) in children with normal articulation and by Glasson (1984) in speech- and language-disordered children. The results of the analysis were compared to the data obtained by Kent and Forner and Glasson. Our subject demonstrated longer phrase durations and more variability than any of the groups with whom he was compared. In addition, he displayed an interaction between syntactic and articulatory performance.

Articulation Disorders↗