Biomedical subjects

L J Millward

Publications and source records attributed to L J Millward.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

The team survey: a tool for health care team development.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to validate a psychometric tool, the team survey, in a health care setting with a range of teams from a Large National Health Service (NHS) Trust. BACKGROUND: The team survey was developed by Millward and Ramsay (1998) to measure the team dimensions identified in the cognitive-motivational model of team effectiveness (Millward & Purvis 1998). The team dimensions are team potency, team identification, Shared Mental Models and team meta-cognitions. DESIGN AND METHODS: The psychometric properties of the tool as a reliable and valid predictor of team effectiveness was assessed by way of a survey of 10 teams (comprising 124 members in all) located on different premises, within a large NHS Trust. Team size ranged between 5 and 19 members, with average team size being 10 members. Two independent ratings of 'effectiveness' were made for each team. Factor and multiple regression analyses were employed to identify the most powerful predictors of health care team effectiveness from a cognitive and motivational perspective. RESULTS: The results suggest that the team survey is psychometrically robust within a health care setting. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the tool has a potentially key role in informing and evaluating team development initiatives in support of the work of practice development nurses and nursing team leaders.

Cognition↗

PubMed2000

Running shared mental models as a distributed cognitive process.

Shared mental models theory normally takes the individual as its unit of analysis. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for studying shared mental models in which the model is considered to be distributed amongst the team. From this framework a cognitive process is predicted which describes how shared mental models are run. A team reasoning task requiring planning was used to illustrate this framework and test predictions derived from it. Two aspects of sharing mental models were studied; the degree of overlap between team members' mental models and the organization of the division of the model between team members. Experimental results showed that the cognitive processes used were distributed amongst the team and support was found for most, but not all, aspects of the proposed process of running a shared mental model. The organization of sharing was found to influence this process.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Sexual self-concept and sexual risk-taking.

Data are presented from a postal survey of 474 randomly selected 16-19-year-olds from one U.K. suburban area. A 14-item Sexual Self-Concept Checklist was used to explore the structure of the differences between male and female sexual identities. Two main dimensions in male sexual self-concept emerged: the socio-emotional (romance, sensitivity, eroticism) and the relational (exploitative, seductive, experimental). Female sexual self-concept revolved around concerns with assertiveness (unwillingness to have sex before marriage, controlling when sex occurs, pretending to enjoy sex). Internally reliable scales were constructed for these aspects of the sexual self-concept and were found to relate to both sexual and other forms of risk-taking likely to endanger health. Males with a high relational emphasis in their sexual self-concept were less likely to have had sex and less likely to use alcohol or tobacco. Females with a greater assertiveness score were less likely to be virgins, had had more sexual partners and consumed more alcohol and tobacco. They were not, however, less likely to use condoms. It is concluded that models seeking to explain health behaviours in adolescence should incorporate estimates of the significance of the behaviour for stable aspects of the self-concept. It is further argued that the structure of the sexual self-concept is significantly influenced by dominant social representations of gender differences and relationships. Both identity and social representational processes need to be considered if a comprehensive model of health behaviour is to be evolved.

Adolescent↗