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Biomedical subjects

L J van Bogaert

Publications and source records attributed to L J van Bogaert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Customised gravidogram and fetal growth chart in a South African population.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether gravidograms and fetal growth curves should be customized, i.e. tailor made for a specific ethnic group. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 800 pregnant Xhosa women attending antenatal care in the Eastern Cape Province (South Africa). The data measured was used to compare the correlation between the symphysis-fundus height measurement (SFHM) and the sonographic estimate of gestational age (SEGA), as well as the intra-uterine fetal growth curve with existing gravidograms and fetal growth charts. RESULTS: There was a good correlation between the SFHM and the SEGA: r = 0.91 (P < 0.0001). The correlation between the SFHM and the sonographic estimate of fetal weight (SEFW) yielded a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.40 (P < 0.0001). The correlation between the SEFW and SEGA resulted in a r = 0.97 (P < 0.0001). The customized gravidogram and fetal growth chart followed the general trend seen in their Caucasian equivalents. CONCLUSION: The comparison of our customized gravidogram and intra-uterine fetal growth curve with similar charts established in Caucasians does not show any significant difference.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Prevention of post-spinal hypotension at elective cesarean section by wrapping of the lower limbs.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether wrapping and/or elevation of the legs prevents post-spinal hypotension at cesarean section (CS). METHODS: 82 parturients in a community hospital were randomly allocated to one of 4 groups: raising, wrapping, raising and wrapping of the legs and no intervention. The outcome measures were the upper level of blockade, pulse rate and arterial systolic pressure (SAP). Statistical evaluation included paired and unpaired t-test, contingency table analysis and repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: The SAP remained significantly higher with wrapping; elevation did not add any benefit. The number of episodes of severe hypotension (defined as a SAP decrease > or = 20% of baseline and < 100 mmHg) was significantly reduced by wrapping (15.8% of cases) as compared to controls (45.5%)(chi2 = 11.02; P = 0.012). Elevation alone did not prevent hypotension (chi2 = 0.76; P = 0.38). CONCLUSION: Wrapping of the legs at spinal block for Cs is recommended to reduce hypotension.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Female breast cancer with 'clandestine' lymph node metastases.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not breast cancer with 'clandestine' lymph node metastases differ in any important way from breast cancer with macrometastases. METHODS: A study of 116 female breast cancers over a period of two years, whose axillary contents were immuno-stained prospectively to detect the possible presence of clandestine metastases, that is tumour cells identifiable only after monoclonal antibody immunostaining. RESULTS: The prevalence of 'clandestine' lymph node metastases was 14.7%. The maximum number of 'clandestine' lymph node metastases was three per axilla. In the cases with 'clandestine' metastases the infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC) type was more frequently seen than in the node negative cases: (p = 0.038) (RR = 2.44; OR = 4.0). There was no difference in the hormone receptor status between the cases without lymph node metastases and with lymph node metastases, 'clandestine' or macrometastases. CONCLUSION: No significant difference was found between breast cancers with 'clandestine' or with macrometastases with regard to their clinico-pathologic features and hormone receptor status. The detection of 'clandestine' metastases is a painstaking and time-consuming procedure which, so far, has not been shown to be of clinical significance.

Axilla↗
PubMed1998

Ophthalmia neonatorum revisited.

The microbiology, epidemiology and pathophysiology of ophthalmia neonatorum are reviewed with special emphasis on its prevention and management in the developing world. Although prophylaxis should be mandatory, no single topical agent is effective to prevent the ocular complications of both Neisseria gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis. Where levels of resistance to tetracyclines are low, however, tetracycline eye ointment is permissible for ocular prophylaxis. Eye prophylaxis has a relatively low failure rate. Management of ophthalmia neonatorum should be syndromic and systemic. Contact tracing is an integral part of the management.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗
PubMed1997

Post-spinal hypotension at cesarean section: the denial of evidence.

Post-spinal hypotension at cesarean section appears difficult to prevent, despite the three obligatory so-called preventative measures. So far, literature data provide no compelling evidence that expectations have been met in this regard. A critical appraisal of volume preload, ephedrine prophylaxis and left lateral supine position shows that the preventative measures should be re-evaluated. New avenues should be explored aiming at a better prevention and decrease in both the prevalence and magnitude of post-spinal hypotension at cesarean section.

Anesthesia, Spinal↗