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Biomedical subjects

L Jasso-Gutiérrez

Publications and source records attributed to L Jasso-Gutiérrez.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Liaison psychiatry at a neonatal intensive care unit. Interphase between psychiatry of the infant and neonatology].

A description is made of the situation of neonates and their families during hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Emphasis is made on the stressful situations faced by the infants, the families and the caregivers as well as on potential interventions to ameliorate their negative impact and to promote a favorable outcome. With the infants, the situation is one of overwhelming aversive stimulation, noncontingent responses and painful procedures, coupled with deprivation of normative experiences, propiciated by their illness and the structure of the unit. With the families, their feelings of impotence, guilt, and separation from their infant are highlighted, and interventions are described that may help them in this situation of crisis. With the staff the intervention consists on education and sensitization to the infant's needs. The liaison psychiatrist is the infant's voices with the families and the staff. The literature is reviewed in terms of the potential effects of favorable stimulation and of the negative experiences of neonates while at the NICU.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[The system of evaluating the specialty of pediatrics in the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social].

A system of evaluation applied to pediatric residents at the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) is presented. Historical precedents; deficiencies and modifications of the system are commented. Also institutional system of evaluation is described, with emphasis in education strategies: teaching-attendance-research. Usefulness of knowledge tests, supervision, and assessment of evaluation, are mentioned. Finally extrainstitutional evaluation strategies are considered.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1992

[The Mortality Committee: a hospital need].

Mortality Committees are multidisciplinary teams whose function is to analyze preventable causes of death in order to decrease the death rate, to contribute to the education of medical and paramedical staff and also to advise the hospital authorities in medical and administrative decision-making. In this paper we discuss the activities of the Mortality Committee of the Hospital de Pediatria from May 1989 to May 1991. The review comprised 202 death cases occurred during this period, and was carried out by the medical personnel involved in attending those cases while alive. In 42.5% of these cases the review was supplemented by the necropsy results. Patients' personal data, referral source, status on admission, principal disease, direct cause of death, adequacy of laboratory test and other studies, clinical/pathological correlation and suggestions to improve medical care are discussed. We suggest for every hospital the convenience of having this committee in order to improve the quality of medical care.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1992

[The degree of agreement of the clinical and the histopathological diagnoses in a tertiary medical care pediatric hospital].

In Pediatric Hospital, from the National Medical Center, of the Mexican Institute of Social Security were analyzed 96 histological pieces: 59 biopsies, 21 surgical material and 16 slides. There were showed the agreement rate between clinical diagnosis and the end histopathological report from the Pathology Department. The higher correlation rate were with biopsies (83%) and surgical material (81%) and the lowest rate were with slides samples (69%). There were not statistical difference in the 3 study groups (P greater than 0.05). The overall concordance with the clinical diagnosis were 82%. The overall concordance with the 3 study groups were 80%. It is concluded what agreement rate was satisfactory in biopsies and surgical material and the agreement rate measure is an actual parameter in evaluation of clinical competence and also in the evaluation of medical care quality.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

[The transfusion of blood and its derivatives in the neonate].

Blood and its products are valuable therapeutic resources for the pediatrician who care for newborns with severe illnesses. The use of blood and its products requires for the hospital personnel working at neonatal care units to be precise and up to date on the indications and complications of total blood, the globular package, albumin, plasma, the concentration of granulocytes, platelets and immunoglobulins for intravenous use. This review gathers, on the one hand, accumulated experiences by the members of the Commission of Blood and its Products from the Pediatric Hospital of the National Medical Center and on the other hand, a selection of the more important concepts which have been judged so by the authors and expressed in the current medical literature.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1983

Independent changes in cerebrospinal fluid and in blood pH and lactate concentrations in children with purulent meningitis.

In order to evaluate the relationship of the hydrogen and lactate concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with those in the blood, three groups of children were studied: Group I, (n=20) with purulent meningitis (PM); Group II, (n=20) with metabolic acidosis and Group III, (n=17) with suspicion of septicemia but no metabolic acidosis. In all infants a CSF sample was obtained for cytochemical analysis, culture as well as pH and lactate determinations; the latter two were also measured in a blood sample obtained simultaneously. In group I, the CSF [H+] and [lactate] were higher than in the blood (p less than 0.001 and less than 0.01 respectively) and no significant correlation was observed between the CSF and blood values. In group II, no such differences existed in [H+] and [lactate] between both compartments and again no correlation was disclosed between CSF and blood values. In group III only the [H+] was higher in CSF than in blood (p less than 0.01) and a significant correlation was observed between both compartments (r = 0.486, p less than 0.05). The existence of differences in group I among the CSF and blood [H+] and [lactate], along with the lack of correlation between CSF and blood [H+] or [lactate], could suggest that such compartmental changes are independent from each other. However, the variations were quite large and thus, the biological significance of this observation could be questioned.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1981

Effects of exchange transfusion on platelet counts.

With the purpose of knowing to what extent thrombocytopenia that occurs in exchange transfusion (ET) can be secondary to the procedure itself or to a generalized infection, blood counts were made in 42 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia due to maternal fetal isoimmunization of the ABO system. Platelets were quantified halfway and immediately after the exchange transfusion procedure as well as 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours after. It was found that prior to ET platelet levels in donor and patient blood was similar and platelet counts were never under 100,000 mm3 (thrombocytopenia). Halfway and at the conclusion of ET, as well as 8 and 16 hours after, a decrease in platelet levels was observed. After 24 hours an increase was observed that reached basal levels prior to ET after 72 hours. In five children thrombocytopenia was observed; in two, halfway of the ET procedure, in one at the end and two more at 8 and 16 hours after ET. From results obtained we can conclude that thrombocytopenia occurring 24 hours after ET can be due to septicemia.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

Usefulness of a microblood culture technique in neonatal septicemia.

Macroblood (MaHC) and microblood (MiHC) cultures were made in 200 neonates with a suspected diagnosis of septicemia so as to compare the efficiency of MiHC to isolate bacterias taking MaHC as reference. Blood was obtained by heel punctures in sterile test tubes soaked with polyanetol sodium sulphonate and later cultured in trypticase soy broth with sacharose 15 per cent. Positive percentage was 14.5 for MiHC and 12.3 for MaHC. MiHC reliability, taking MaHC as reference was 59 per cent. Only 29.7 per cent isolations were obtained with MiHC that increased to 40.2 per cent with MaHC technique. Culture efficiency was higher for Klebsiella, P. Mirabilis and S. paratiphy B using MaHC while for Staph. aureus MiHC proved to be a better technique. The use of polyanetol sodium sulphate instead of heparin, sachorose addition to the culture medium, larger samples and typical features of infection in neonates studied, account for findings and differences observed in a previous work.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1979

Effects of pH on alpha 1-antitrypsin activity in premature infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

The inhibitory and specific activities of serum alpha 1-antitrypsin (1-AT) at pH levels of 8.20, 7.45, 7.35, 7.25 and 7.15, were studied in 66 neonates with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) and in 82 healthy neonates. In vivo pH values were also correlated in both groups with the specific and inhibitory activities of 1-AT. Comparisons between healthy neonates and neonates with IRDS showed that in the latter, the inhibitory and specific activities of 1-AT were lower, with every pH assayed, together with twice a percentual decrease from pH 8.20 to pH 7.15 in both activities. No statistical correlation was established in the in vivo pH of infants in both groups with the inhibitory and specific activities of 1-AT. Results suggest two alternatives. The first one related to a molecular structure different from 1-AT in infants with IRDS, and the second one regarding changes in 1-AT produced by partial breakdown or modified by hypoxia, acidosis or both.

Enzyme Activation↗
PubMed1979

Inhibitory activity of alpha 1-antitrypsin in infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

In two groups of neonates serum concentrations of alpha-1-antitrypsin (1-AT) were determined by means of radial immunodiffusion, and 1-AT inhibitory capacity determinations were made using benzoyl-1-arginine-p-nitroanilide as a substrate. There were 66 children in the first group of neonates with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), and 82 healthy children in the second group with birth weight and gestational and post natal ages similar to those of neonates with IRDS. In the latter, 1-AT concentration and inhibitory activity levels were lower than those found in healthy children; these differences were statistically significant. These findings explain both the retardation in the lysis of the hyaline membrane and the fact that a decrease in serum 1-AT levels elicits lung tissue damage by the action of proteolytic enzymes contained in leucocytes.

Birth Weight↗