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Biomedical subjects

L Jonsson

Publications and source records attributed to L Jonsson.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Necrolytic migratory erythema and glucagon cell tumour of the pancreas: the glucagonoma syndrome. Report of two cases.

Two cases of necrolytic migratory erythema are described. Both patients also suffered from anaemia, weight loss, hypersedimentation and carbohydrate intolerance. A solitary pancreatic tumour was found in both cases-- at autopsy in one and at laparotomy in the other. Microscopic examination of skin biopsies showed necrolysis of superficial epidermis. Both patients had extremely elevated plasma concentrations of pancreatic glucagon. By means of specific staining and immunofluorescence techniques the tumours were shown to consist of glucagon-containing alpha2-cells. It is concluded that these patients suffered from the newly described glucagonoma syndrome.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1975

The role of scintigraphy in detection of liver metastases from gastrointestinal carcinomas.

In 61 patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas the results of liver scintigraphy with 99mTc sulphur colloid were correlated with the results from operations or autopsies. Agreement was obtained in 90% of patients. Compared with celiac angiographic findings, scintigraphy of the liver was considerably more reliable in indicating liver metastases of gastrointestinal carcinomas.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Depression of T cells in Bell's palsy.

We analyzed T-lymphocytes and their subsets in 20 patients with Bell's palsy. We used the monoclonal antibodies anti-Leu-1, anti-Leu-2a, and anti-Leu-3a directed against T-lymphocytes and T suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts) and T helper/inducer (Th) cell subsets. Blood samples taken in the acute and convalescent phases of the illness were compared. The percentage of T cells (Leu-1+ cells) was decreased during the acute stage, mainly because of a reduction of the Th cell subset (Leu-3+ cells). No significant alteration was found in the Ts cell subset (Leu-2+ cells). The T cell and Th cell subset depressions were restored to normal within 4 to 6 weeks of the onset of the palsy. The T cell changes in the peripheral blood in the acute stage of Bell's palsy indicate the involvement of cellular immune mechanisms.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in chronic suppurative otitis media. A quantitative study.

The aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of middle ear exudate (MEE) of 47 consecutive patients with chronic suppurative otitis media were studied using a quantitative bacteriological technique under strictly anaerobic conditions. Specimens from the external auditory canal (EAC) and the nasopharynx (NP) were obtained in order to correlate the bacterial findings with those of the MEE. Aerobic bacteria were invariably present in the MEE, the predominant aerobic species being Pseudomonas, found in 32%. Anaerobic bacteria were found in 45%: most anaerobes (55%) were cocci, 33% were of the Bacteroides species. The flora of the MEE correlated well with the bacteriological findings in the EAC cultures. In contrast, most organisms isolated from the NP represented the normal skin flora or were common respiratory pathogens.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-herpes IgG and IgG subclass antibodies in Bell's palsy.

To ascertain if there is an association between Bell's palsy and infection by viruses of the herpes group, 78 patients and 59 controls were investigated. The specific antiviral IgG subclass pattern in serum against cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) was analysed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) combined with monoclonal antibodies directed against the four subclasses of human IgG. Additional ELISA assays of IgG and IgM antibodies were also used. The mean titres of IgG antibodies against HSV-1 were higher in the acute and convalescent stages compared with controls. The frequency of values greater than 0.2 for all subclasses was raised in the patients, but not significantly so. The mean values for the subclasses were alike in patients and controls. The mean titres of IgG antibodies against CMV and VZV were similar throughout the palsy and also in controls. In the patients, the pattern of IgG subclasses was different from the controls, but not statistically so. The patients and controls were not seropositive for IgM against CMV and VZV. Four patients in the acute phase, 4 in the convalescent phase and 3 controls were positive for IgM against HSV-1. While the subclass pattern of IgG antibodies against HSV-1 is not diagnostic of reactivation of the virus, the raised IgG antibodies may suggest reactivation of a disease process and/or a superadded infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Activated T cells and Leu-7+ cells in Bell's palsy.

Patients with Bell's palsy were investigated with regard to the cellular immune response during the acute and convalescent stages with the purpose of acquiring information concerning the etiology of the condition. In order to ascertain whether there was activation of the immune system, the proportion of activated T cells in the peripheral blood of 14 patients with Bell's palsy was analysed using monoclonal antibodies. A transient increase of these cells occurred in the acute stage, with a return to normal in the convalescent stage. The Leu-7+ cells which play a role in the natural cellular defence against viral infections, were also studied by using monoclonal antibodies in 25 patients. A significant change in the percentage of Leu-7+ cells was not found when the samples from the entire group were analysed. However, 10 patients who were investigated between September and October 1984, when the incidence of Bell's palsy was comparatively high, showed significantly lower percentages of Leu-7+ cells in the acute stage compared with the convalescent stage. The increase in the activated T cells in the acute phase of the palsy suggests a cell-mediated, immuno-regulatory abnormality with primary or secondary immune activation. Similar cellular immune alterations are found also in multiple sclerosis. Further, the differences in the proportions of Leu-7+ cells which occurred in these 10 patients may denote a contribution of various etiological factors to the disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of ipratropium bromide on nasal hypersecretion induced by methacholine in patients with vasomotor rhinitis. A double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled and randomized dose-response study.

The effect of various doses of ipratropium bromide aerosol on nasal hypersecretion induced by five concentrations methacholine was studied in 24 patients with vasomotor rhinitis and excessive watery nasal secretion. The volume of nasal secretion was greater with each of the five increasing doses of methacholine from 7.5 to 120 mg/ml. The median volume of nasal secretion was alike in all patients after administration of methacholine only and after treatment by placebo followed by methacholine. When the patients were treated with ipratropium bromide prior to administering methacholine the volume of secretion was reduced significantly. With doses of 40 micrograms and 100 micrograms of ipratropium to each nostril a similar reduction in the volume of secretion occurred but a still greater reduction by the application of 200 micrograms of ipratropium when compared with treatment by the placebo. While the volume of secretion increased with each increasing concentration of methacholine, a similar pattern of reduced secretion for each concentration of methacholine was seen with each greater concentration of ipratropium. In patients with vasomotor rhinitis, treatment with ipratropium bromide was found to reduce significantly the hypersecretion induced by methacholine when compared with treatment by the placebo. This reduction was greater with greater doses of ipratropium.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid examinations in the diagnosis of Borrelia infection in Bell's palsy.

Seventy-two consecutive patients with Bell's palsy were investigated for evidence of tick-borne Borrelia infection and to compare the merits of serum and cerebrospinal fluid examinations in the diagnosis of Borrelia infection. Serum was taken in the acute and convalescent stages from 72 patients, and cerebrospinal fluid was obtained from 35 of these. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyse serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples for IgG and IgM antibodies against the Borrelia spirochete. The serum of 8 (11%) of the 72 patients was positive for IgG or both for IgG and IgM. Only 1 of the 35 patients presented an elevated titre of IgG and IgM in the cerebrospinal fluid as well as elevated IgG and IgM titres in the serum. The results, even if limited, indicate that screening of serum is sufficient to exclude Borrelia infection in cases of uncomplicated isolated acute peripheral facial palsy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Water hardness in relation to cadium accumulation and microscopic signs of cardiovascular disease in horses.

The hardness of drinking water (i.e., the sum of calcium and magnesium concentrations) has been related to cadmium concentration in kidney cortex and to microscopic signs of arteriosclerosis and focal myocardial fibrosis in 50 Swedish horses slaughtered for meat production. A significant negative correlation was found between water hardness and cadmium concentrations in kidney cortex. This indicates that horses living in soft water areas are more inclined to accumulate cadmium from the general environment. Microscopic changes in the aorta and myocardium were approximately 2 times as frequent in horses that drank soft water compared to horses that drank hard water. The differences were, however, not statistically significant. It is concluded that horses are well suited for studies of the "water factor".

Animals↗