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Biomedical subjects

L K Bragina

Publications and source records attributed to L K Bragina.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Regional cerebral blood flow and the infarct volume in obstruction of the internal carotid artery in relationship to the source of the collateral circulation].

The cerebral blood flow was examined by means of Obrist's 133Xe-inhalational method, cerebral angiography, and computer-aided tomography of the head in 100 patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery. The findings obtained have revealed a correlation between the level of the compensatory collateral blood supply of the bed of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the source of collateral blood circulation. The authors have demonstrated the vulnerability of the MCA bed secondary to a low level of blood supply persisting despite the functioning of all pathways of the collateral circulation.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

[Evaluation of the function of extracranial-intracranial microarterial anastomoses in occlusive diseases of the main arteries of the head (Doppler and angiographic study)].

The comparison of the results of Doppler and angiographic examinations of 82 patients with combined occlusive disorders of the major arteries of the head before and after creating an extra-intracranial microarterial bypass showed a high informative value of Doppler sonography as a noninvasive method of the diagnosis of impairments of the cerebral arteries and as a method of control of microarterial anastomosis functioning. Placement of a microanastomosis between the external carotid and middle cerebral arteries eliminated or reduced the steal-phenomenon in relation to the brain or vertebral-basilar bed in combined lesions of the major arteries of the head.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Cerebral hemodynamics in stenoses of the internal carotid artery].

The cerebral hemodynamics was studied in 51 patients with varying severity of stenoses of the internal carotid artery (ICA) expressed in transient disorders of the cerebral blood flow or ischemic strokes. To study the cerebral blood flow (CBF), the authors used the 133Xe-inhalational method; in their analysis they also considered the findings of clinical, angiographic and computer-aided tomographic examinations, as well as the rheological parameters of the blood. It has been established that the main characteristics of the cerebral hemodynamics in patients with ICA stenoses are a moderate diffuse reduction of the CBF in both hemispheres of the brain without a clear-cut interhemispherical asymmetry, the absence of the dependence of the CBF on the degree of ICA stenoses, inverse correlation between the degree of the total narrowing of the lumen of all main arteries of the head and parameters of the CBF, as well as a sharper decrease in the CBF in cases where the total stenosis of the main arteries of the head exceeds 40%. The article deals with the pathogenesis of cerebral circulation impairments in ICA stenoses and the selection of the tactics of treating patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Methods of angiography and cerebral blood flow determination in evaluating the status of the collateral circulation].

It is a known fact that the value of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the hemisphere where the internal carotid artery (ICA) is occluded may serve as a quantitative parameter of the collateral blood supply (CBS). Comparison of the findings obtained by cerebral panangiography (CPAG) versus inhalational studies of the CBF in 38 patients with occluded ICA has demonstrated that although CPAG is quite adequate for assessing the status of the collateral blood circulation routes, a more optimal method for evaluating the status of the CBS is measurement of the CBF since in at least half the cases CPAG yields inaccurate information about the CBS in patients with impaired cerebral blood circulation. The studied methods are not competitive but should be used in conjunction for obtaining the most complete information about the cerebral hemodynamics which is particularly important to consider in making decisions about the advisability of surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Hemodynamic risk factors of secondary brain infarcts in patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery].

Study of the cerebral hemodynamics in 52 patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery made it possible to ascertain the factors responsible for a bilateral decrease in the cerebral blood flow. The identification of the causes of a decreased cerebral blood supply in this pathology may contribute to timely rational treatment of patients and to reducing the risk of repeated cerebral infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Criteria for the activity of the pathologic process in multiple sclerosis (clinico-computer tomographic correlations)].

Eight patients with the clinical signs of disease exacerbation were examined using computer-aided tomography of the head with contrast intensification. In 4 patients with a clinical aggravation expressed in the appearance of new neurological symptoms the authors obtained an effect of contrast intensification. Routine examination of the zones of the white substance revealed drug accumulation in the zones of both subnormal and normal density. There was no drug cumulation in 4 patients whose clinical aggravation was connected with the previous neurological symptomatology. The data obtained are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Electroencephalographic and computer-tomographic correlations in cerebral circulatory disorders].

The results of electroencephalographic (EEG) and computer-aided tomographic (CT) examinations were compared in order to specify the possibilities of EEG in the topical diagnosis in cases of the compromised cerebral circulation (a hundred patients had been studied). The CT and EEG findings were closely correlated (80%) when the focus was localized in the hemispheres; discrepancies were observed (20%) in cases of extensive haemorrhages, with blood invading the ventricular system, in cases of microfoci lying in the deep portions of the cerebral hemispheres and also when foci were present in both hemispheres. In cases of the trunk localization of the focus, the EEG and CT findings were correlated in only 37%. The discrepancies of the two methods predominantly concerned impairments of the lower portions of the trunk where the EEG technique proved more informative.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Clinico-computer-tomographic correlations in multiple sclerosis patients].

The authors carried out computer-tomographic examinations of the head of 115 patients suffering from disseminated sclerosis. Various pathological signs, such as a distention of the cerebral ventricles and the subarachnoidal space, a diminution of the cerebellum volume, and presence of lowered-density foci, were revealed in 72% of the patients. 34 lowered-density foci appeared to be subclinical. The computer-tomographic findings were correlated with the disease phase and duration, and the results of the correlation were analyzed. In the phase of the process exacerbation, the lowered-density foci were found more frequently than in the phase of remission, the frequency increase being statistically significant. The distention of the brain ventricles and subarachnoidal space was observed twice as more frequently in patients with a disease duration of over 5 years, than in patients who were ill for 5 years or less. In 3 patients with the spinal form of the disease, a number of signs of brain affection were revealed on the computer-tomographic examination. The data obtained are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Carotid artery stenosis and cerebral circulatory disorders (clinico-angiographic correlation)].

Data on the clinical and angiographic examinations of 192 patients with stenoses of the extracranial part of the carotid artery are compared. The state of the intracranial branches of the median cerebral artery was evaluated with the use of Ring-Waddington's grid. Seven neurological syndromes resulting from the pathology of the intracranial branches of the carotid artery system are specified. In 70% of the cases structural changes of the intracranial vessels were revealed, these changes being the most likely due to thromboembolism from the stenotic carotid artery. The anterior parietal branch was involved less frequently, and the posterior branches of the median cerebral and the orbitofrontal arteries were affected extremely rarely.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Morphologic verification in computer tomography of the brain].

A comparison of computer-aided tomograms of the brain with the results of morphological examinations of the latter in 51 autopsy cases was carried out. The causes of the death were brain infarctions, hemorrhages, and tumours. It was found that roentgenological diagnosis of cerebral infarctions entailed no difficulties, if the examinations were performed within 24 hours after the disease onset and the focus size was over 1 to 2 cm. There were some difficulties in diagnosing small foci in the brain stem and in the cortex of brain hemispheres as well as infarctions with hemorrhages irrespectively of their size and location. The diagnoses of cerebral hemorrhages were rather precise in the early stages of hemorrhagic strokes, but extremely difficult later, in a definite stage of the hemorrhagic focus organization when computer-aided tomography revealed densities characteristic for unaffected brain. A high diagnostic efficiency of the computer-aided tomography was noted in brain tumours. Certain difficulties sometimes arose in determining the character of the tumour in cases of multiple of small-size foci. The morphological verification of the results of the computer-aided brain tomography is of a decisive importance for developing roentgenomorphological criteria for diagnosing CNS pathologies with the aid of this method, and contributes to further improvement of the latter.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

[Role of vertebral artery hypoplasia in the pathogenesis of cerebral circulatory disorders].

Clinico-angiographic comparison of 30 cases of vertebral artery hypoplasia was carried out. It was found that the artery hypoplasia was often combined with a lateral shift of the artery opening, convolute shape of the major brain vessels, and functional reconstruction of the Villisian circle, a transitional type of the posterior trifurcation. It was ascertained that the vertebral artery hypoplasia, not being a pathogenetic factor itself, can play a negative role in cases of occlusion of a major brain vessel, since it limits the potentialities of compensatory blood circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Role of arterio-arterial embolisms in the pathogenesis of cerebral circulatory disorders].

The authors studied 52 patients with brain infarctions and transient disorders of cerebral circulation, which in the opinion of the authors developed as a result of arterio-arterial embolism. Besides, 16 post-mortem cases with arterio-arterial embolism were studied as well. On the basis of clinico-angiographical, clinico-laboratory and clinico-anatomical correlations, the authors come to the conclusion that this mechanism is frequently the main link in the pathogenesis of distrubed cerebral circulation. Embologenic materials in the development of brain infarctions are most often particles of parietal or obturating thrombi in the magistral cerebral vessels. In patients with transient disorders of cerebral circulation most likely embolism of the minor cerebral vessels by thrombocytic aggregates. The authors discuss the functional properties of thrombocytes in the pathogenesis of transient disorders of cerebral circulation and the feasibility of the use of antiaggregates for preventive purposes.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Computer tomography of the brain in neurology].

The results of the studies, obtained in a computer head tomography confirms its effectiveness in the diagnosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, tumor and degenerative brain diseases, as well as in investigations of the brain ventricular systems and subarachnoidal spaces. A computer head tomography--is a perspective method in the study of brain lesions with the aid of X-ray equipment and computers.

Acute Disease↗