Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Krugliak.
Benign tumors of the renal pelvis are rare, with less than 10 cases reported in the literature. The fibroepithelial polyp, a benign mesodermal tumor, seems to be the most common type. We report a case of a fibroepithelial polyp of the renal pelvis, and discuss its clinical features and diagnostic pitfalls.
Blood and bone marrow samples from 20 individuals with reactive conditions and 26 cases of acute and chronic myeloid leukemias were tested for the presence of lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin (alpha-1-AT), and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (alpha-1-ACT). We compared the reactivity of samples in smears, cytocentrifuge preparations, and paraffin sections. Lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin were found only in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes and their precursors. Lymphocytes, E-rosetting cells, Con A-activated lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, red blood cells, erythroblasts, and megakaryocytes were consistently negative. Leukemic myeloblasts showed definite reactivity for both alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-ACT, but not for lysozyme. By contrast, lysozyme was present in poorly differentiated leukemic monoblasts, while alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin showed only weak reactivity. More mature myeloid and moncytic cells showed positive staining for all three antigens tested with differences in staining distribution and intensity. In four cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), circulating mature polymorphonuclear leukocytes were deficient in both lysozymne and alpha-1-antitrypsin. The use of lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin identifies normal and leukemic cells of the myeloid-monocytic series at all stages of maturation and is applicable to a variety of sample preparations.
Blast cells from ten patients (seven adults, three children) with acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) contained immunoreactive cytoplasmic alpha-1-anti-trypsin (alpha-1-AT) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (alpha-1-ACT). Cytochemically positive reactions for block-like periodic acid-Schiff and a localized acid phosphatase suggested that the cells were of lymphoid origin rather than myeloid origin: negative for sudan black-B, nonspecific esterase, chloroacetate esterase, and myeloperoxidase. By surface phenotype, the leukemia showed positive reactions for both lymphoid (common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, Ia, OKT-10) and myeloid (OKM-1, Leu M-1) antigens. Three of three patients tested portrayed the Philadelphia chromosome. Nine patients were Mexican-American and one was Japanese: all were of Asian ethnic derivation. Both myeloid and lymphoid treatment regimens were employed, with survival less than expected. Early granulocytic differentiation detectable by cytoplasmic alpha-1-AT and alpha-1-ACT in lymphoid blasts is discussed.
A 62-year-old woman with well-established polyarthritis developed angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) during gold therapy. She subsequently developed an immunoblastic lymphoma which showed monoclonality (IgA, lambda) by immunoperoxidase techniques. There was a tumor-like enlargement of the thymus gland due to involvement by AILD, with secondary proliferation of thymic epithelium. The finding of thymic involvement, which has not been described previously in AILD, might be one of the manifestations reflecting a disturbance of the immune system in this disease.
We report the seventh case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the spermatic cord. The followup of our patient supports the generally accepted approach of radical inguinal orchiectomy along with wide en bloc local resection of the adjacent soft tissue.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The simultaneous occurrence of endometrial adenocarcinoma and intrauterine pregnancy is a rare phenomenon. Eight cases have been reported on, including the one discussed below. The presence of two apparently mutually exclusive conditions within a uterus is difficult to explain. The neoplasm may arise in foci of immature basal cells, which do not respond to hormonal stimulation. Although this event is rare, the clinician should be aware of the possibility.
A patient with a staphylococcal lung abscess developed acute glomerulonephritis with clinical and pathological features typical of postinfectious glomerulonephritis. There was no evidence of streptococcal infection and the nephritis resolved following treatment of the abscess.
A 12-year-old Bedouin boy presented with sudden asymmetrical status epilepticus. The presence of a scalp wound, rubbery cervical lymphadenopathy and a history of contact with cats suggested the diagnosis of cat-scratch disease complicated by encephalopathy. The diagnosis was supported by histological examination of a cervical lymph node and a positive skin test with cat-scratch antigen. The rapid establishment of the diagnosis avoided the necessity of elaborate and complicated neuroradiological investigations.
In 3 infants with arthrogryposis multiplex congenital (AMC) complete necropsy, including removal of the entire spinal cord, was performed. Histologically, spinal type (neurogenic) atrophy of skeletal muscles in conjunction with spinal motor neurone depletion, unaccompanied by noticeable gliosis, were the most preminent features common to all cases. In addition to these, one infant (Case 1) showed total absence of muscle spindles as evident from the examination of several hundred step-serial paraffin sections covering 11 different levels in 36 samples taken from a wide range of skeletal muscles of both upper and lower extremities. This is believed to be the first published case of agenesis of muscle spindles.
A spinal intra-dural and extra-medullary tumour is described, presenting both clinically and radiologically as a benign process. However, the pathological examination, helped by electron microscopy, concluded in favour of a malignant hemangiopericytoma. The clinical cause, after surgery and radiotherapy, confirmed this latter diagnosis.