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Biomedical subjects

L Kulik

Publications and source records attributed to L Kulik.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The impact of men's and women's retirement on marital relations: a comparative analysis.

The study examined whether men's and women's retirement have a differential impact on several aspects of marital life: Power relations (as reflected in decision-making), spousal resources, division of household tasks, and quality of marriage. Questionnaires were distributed to a sample of 519 pre-retired and retired Israelis. The findings indicate that in general, both men's and women's retirement have a similar impact on marital relations in all of the areas examined. No appreciable change in spousal resources was found after retirement, but there was evidence of change in decision-making patterns about spending time and carrying out feminine and general tasks. Retired respondents of both sexes reported fewer marital complaints than the pre-retired respondents, but also expressed less marital enjoyment. It was also found that men's retirement has a different impact than women's retirement on decisions about house-hold affairs and performance of feminine tasks. In addition, gender-based differences were found in several areas, irrespective of employment status. The women reported higher quality of marriage than did the men, and more resources for strengthening the family, whereas the men perceived themselves as making more decisions in the important areas of life, as more hardy, and as controlling the family's financial resources.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Attitudes toward spousal caregiving and their correlates among aging women.

The study examined the attitudes of elderly Israeli women (n = 259) toward three aspects of spousal caregiving: commitment to caregiving, perceived harmful effects, and delegating responsibility to others. In addition, the study examined the contribution of several variables toward explaining these attitudes: background variables, equality in marital relations, spousal resources, and affective variables. The findings indicate that on the whole, commitment to care for the spouse was most prevalent, while perceived harmful effects and delegating responsibility to others were emphasized less. Of the independent variables examined, equality in dyadic relations explained all three aspects of caregiving. Moreover, women with high levels of emotional hardiness were less likely to delegate responsibility for caregiving. In addition, a negative relationship was found between anticipated dependence on the husband and the wife's tendency to delegate responsibility for caregiving. Finally, the affective variables (satisfaction with life and marital complaints) contributed significantly toward explaining attitudes toward spousal caregiving.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Marital relationship in late adulthood: synchronous versus asynchronous couples.

The article presents a study on marital relations in late adulthood, conducted among a sample of 469 Israeli couples, who were divided into four groups based on occupational status and spousal timing of retirement. Two of the groups were categorized as synchronous: pre-retired couples (both partners are close to retirement); and retired couples (both partners are retired), and two of the groups were categorized as asynchronous: employed husband/retired wife and retired husband wife/employed husband. Differences between the groups were examined in three areas: Division of tasks in the home; marital power relations; and quality of marriage. Regarding division of tasks in the home, feminine tasks were usually more egalitarian among retired couples and retired husbands/employed wives than among pre-retired couples and employed husbands/retired wives. In addition, synchronous-retired couples were found to be more egalitarian than synchronous-pre-retired and asynchronous employed husbands/retired wives with regard to general tasks, while masculine tasks were usually carried out by husbands in all four groups. With respect to quality of marriage, the pre-retired couples expressed more marital complaints than did the retired couples, while no differences were found between either of the asynchronous groups. Nonetheless, marital power relations were generally egalitarian in all four groups.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

IL-15 promotes survival but not effector function differentiation of CD8+ TCRalphabeta+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes.

CD8 single-positive cells, including CD8alphaalpha+ and CD8alphabeta+ subsets, constitute the majority of TCRalphabeta+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (alphabeta iIEL) in mice. CD8+ alphabeta iIEL show significantly weaker responses to TCR stimulation in the presence of exogenous IL-2 than do CD8+ T cells of the central immune system. IL-15 is a T cell growth factor likely expressed in the intestine mucosa. To understand the role of IL-15 in CD8+ alphabeta iIEL biology, we compared the effects of exogenous IL-15 and IL-2 on the survival and primary responses of the two CD8+ alphabeta iIEL subsets in vitro. In contrast to the death of approximately 60% of both CD8alphaalpha+ and CD8alphabeta+ iIEL cultured in IL-2 with or without TCR stimulation, IL-15 promoted survival of the CD8alphaalpha+ subset in the presence of TCR stimulation and promoted survival of both subsets in the absence of TCR stimulation. The higher proliferation level of TCR stimulated CD8alphaalpha+ alphabeta iIEL cultured in IL-15 compared with those cultured in IL-2 is likely due to IL-15's prosurvival effects. In addition, unlike exogenous IL-2, exogenous IL-15 did not support the effector functions of either iIEL subsets, including IFN-gamma production, IL-4-induced Th2 cytokine production, and anti-TCR mAb-redirected cytotoxicity. These findings demonstrate that IL-15 and IL-2 are functionally distinct and suggest that IL-15 plays a unique role in the maintenance of the CD8+ alphabeta iIEL pool in the absence of Ag stimulation and in the survival and expansion of CD8alphaalpha+ alphabeta iIEL upon Ag stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Gendered personality disposition and gender role attitudes among Israeli students.

In a sample of 204 Israeli university students, the author examined the relationship between gendered personality dispositions and 2 aspects of gender role attitudes: occupational sex typing and gender role stereotypes. Evaluations of occupational gender attributes were the least sex typed among participants in the androgynous group. At the same time, contrary to expectations, the participants in the undifferentiated and sex-typed groups had relatively stereotyped perceptions of occupations. However, no relationship was found between gendered personality disposition and stereotyped perceptions of gender roles. Regardless of gendered personality disposition, the women, compared with the men, had more liberal attitudes toward gender roles.

Adult↗