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L Kullman

Publications and source records attributed to L Kullman.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Accuracy of two dental and one skeletal age estimation method in Swedish adolescents.

The paper concerns the accuracy of two dental methods of age estimation based on the radiographic appearance of the root of the lower third molar. The first dental method tested was traditional with a subjective assessment of the root development stage and the second was a new method with a metric measurement of formed root length. Since previous studies have shown a relatively low precision for dentally based age estimation methods during adolescence, an additional independent indicator of chronological age was employed, namely skeletal maturity according to the atlas and method of Greulich and Pyle (Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist Stanford University Press, CA, 1959). The material was Swedish adolescents aged 12-19 years. It was found that all methods gave an overestimation of chronological age, with the highest overestimation, more than 1 year, for the two dental methods. A stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that skeletal age alone explains 48% of the variation in estimated chronological age. It may be concluded that the accuracy of age estimations based on the lower third molars is quite uncertain during adolescence. Up to 18 years, it is preferable to use skeletal age alone as a predictor. Only a small increase in the explanation coefficient of age variation (3-4%) could be seen if digitized or subjectively estimated root lengths were added as predictors to the skeletal estimation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Computerized measurements of the lower third molar related to chronologic age in young adults.

Chronologic age is an utmost important birth record in many industrialized Western countries. When the date of birth is unknown, there is a demand for establishing the chronologic age. Dental methods for age estimations are considered more reliable than most other methods by the majority of researchers and are among the most commonly used means to determine age. Traditionally, these methods have most often been based on subjectively estimated, radiographic stages of tooth development. In the present study metric measurements of the length of the forming root have been used and are compared with one standard method. The formed part of the root of the lower third molar as seen in a panoramic radiograph was digitized. Data were directly stored in a computer for subsequent statistical analysis. The technique of collecting data with the aid of a computer had some statistical advantages. The precision of age estimations was, however, slightly inferior to the standard method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Accuracy and precision in some dental radiographic methods. A methodological study with special considerations in age estimation in juveniles.

A computer method enabling metric measuring in radiographs has been presented. The measurements are time saving and precise and accurate measurements can be made. The statistical analysis can be performed based on a ratio scale, allowing more reliable and conclusive statistics. The most useful field for the presented method is offered in epidemiology where great materials are being handled. Since small changes can be studied, the method can be useful in studying marginal bone level changes in large populations. Or marginal bone levels around implants. In age estimation the digitizer method has no direct valuable application during adolescence, when the lower third molar is used. Here the present series of studies showed the traditional age estimation method and the digitizer method to be fairly unprecise with rather large systematic error. The skeletal age estimation method according to Greulich and Pyle was found to be more accurate and useful during the ages 14 up to 18 years. In younger children, where more parameters or teeth are available, there may be advantages to use a digital dental method instead of a traditional dental one.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Computer registration of missing persons. A case of Scandinavian cooperation in identification of an unknown male skeleton.

A case is described where the identity of an unknown body was established several years after death and despite the fact that the body was found in a foreign country. This was made possible due to the established Interpol routines and the good cooperation between the authorities involved in the Scandinavian countries. A significant role was also played by a computerized register with antemortem dental findings of missing Swedish citizens.

Dental Records↗
PubMed1992

International co-operation in a dental identification.

A case of international identification of an unknown male, where the teeth were essential in establishing identity is described. A noteworthy aspect of the procedure was the teamwork between the police and other authorities, and the forensic odontologist and medical examiners in Albania and Sweden. In Albania a forensic medical examiner handled the dental examination, since forensic odontology is not yet acknowledged. The importance of having dental and medical ante-mortem registers for missing persons in every country is stressed. This is best administered in co-operation with the police authorities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Root development of the lower third molar and its relation to chronological age.

Methods based on radiological, distinguishable stages of tooth formation can be used to estimate chronological age in young persons. The best precision and accuracy of these methods of age estimation is obtained when many teeth are under development and when the individual growth rate is rapid. That is during early years-in childhood. After an age of about 14 years it becomes more difficult since all permanent teeth but the wisdom teeth have completed their development and only these remain to be used for age estimation. The aim of this study was to examine the radiological development of the root of the mandibular third molar and to explore its usefulness in age estimation. Also the differences between two independent observers were studied. The observers classified the development of the mandibular third molars, as seen in a panoramic radiograph, into seven defined stages. The two observers agreed in about 84% of the cases in their registration of the different stages, but a significant difference was found between the observers. The mineralisation of the third molar's root was found to start at the age of 15 years and the root was fully formed at about 20 years. Some minor differences were found between sexes in the time sequence of the mineralisation. The study also shows that there is a rather low precision in the age estimation with the method used. In general, a standard deviation of about 1 to 2 years was found around the mean age of the different developmental stages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Value of the frontal sinus in identification of unknown persons.

The reliability of comparing ante- and post-mortem radiographs of the frontal sinus as an identification medium for unknown corpses was tested by means of two radiographs each of 99 individuals. Three independent observers attempted to blind match each pair of radiographs. The results were almost 100% successful and showed that the radiographic image of the frontal sinus, even with varying beam angulation and radiological inexperience of observer is an effective identification medium.

Forensic Dentistry↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of glucocorticoid receptors in S49 mouse lymphoma cells by affinity labeling with [3H]dexamethasone 21-mesylate.

Glucocorticoid receptors in wild type and mutant S49 mouse lymphoma cells were affinity labeled with [3H]dexamethasone 21-mesylate and analyzed directly by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of receptors in cytosol from wild type cells and nuclear transfer decreased (nt-) mutants was 97,000 (97 kDa). The molecular weight of receptors in cytosol from nuclear transfer increased (nti) mutants was 48 kDa. The 97 kDa receptor in cytosol from wild type cells was digested by chymotrypsin to a 40 kDa steroid-binding receptor fragment but the 48 kDa receptor in cytosol from nti mutants was resistant to digestion by chymotrypsin. In addition to the 48 kDa receptor, cytosol from nti mutants contained 40 and 18 kDa receptor fragments. Cytosol from the nt- mutants also contained 18 kDa receptor fragments. The 40 and 18 kDa receptor fragments were present in multiple subclones of a nti mutant cell line. Formation of these receptor fragments was not prevented by protease inhibitors and was not increased by extended incubation of cytosol samples. Both 48 and 40 kDa forms of the receptor, but not the 18 kDa form, could be activated and bound by DNA-cellulose.

Affinity Labels↗
PubMed1985

Computerized registration of epidemiological data from intraoral radiographs.

Software was developed for graphic registration of epidemiological dental data from intraoral radiographs. The measured variables included marginal bone level in relation to tooth and root length as well as proximal caries and restoration areas. Caries and peridontitis progress nowadays slowly in large populations. Registration methods must, therefore, offer high precision. The hard and software were first tested. After that the method's reliability or precision was studied. The precision of measuring marginal bone level as a per cent of total tooth or root length was found to vary between 0.3-4.3. The corresponding precision of measuring a caries area in relation to the whole crown area was 1.4%. Precision was also divided into its components and analysed in more detail. All registered tooth variables except the angle between the proximal marginal bone and the root surface gave satisfactory results indicating good reliability.

Adult↗