PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L L Farrand

Publications and source records attributed to L L Farrand.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

An evaluation of paper-and-pencil and computer-assisted simulations.

Two formats of delivering clinical simulations for nurse practitioners were evaluated in this study. The two formats included paper-and-pencil, latent-image format, and computer-assisted instruction. Twelve students in a graduate family nurse practitioner curriculum were the subjects. They reported no preference for type of format nor were any differences observed in student performance when comparing the two formats. The cost for the latent-image format was estimated at approximately $8500 and the cost for computer simulation at approximately $10,500. The implications of these findings for nursing curriculums are discussed.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A validation study: simulations as a measure of nurse practitioners' problem-solving skills.

A national sample of 79 masters- and certificate-prepared family and adult nurse practitioners completed six instruments designed to validate one type of clinical simulation, patient management problems (PMPs). The instruments were: a self-chart audit, self-evaluation rating scale, colleague evaluation rating scale, multiple-choice examination. PMP simulation, and demographic questionnaire. Use of a multitrait-multimethod correlation matrix, a multivariate analysis of covariance, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis provided modest evidence to support the claim that the PMP simulation is a valid measure of the construct clinical problem solving. In fact, a multiple-choice examination appeared to be an equal, if not superior, instrument.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of construct validity: simultaneous as a measure of nurse practitioners' problem-solving skills.

A national sample of 46 nurse practitioners (NPs) and a Midwestern sample of 31 nurses completed five instruments designed to provide evidence of the construct validity of patient management problems (PMPs). The subjects completed three simulations, a multiple-choice cognitive examination in the content are of the simulations, and a demographic questionnaire. The first hypothesis stated that a claim for the construct validity of simulations would be warranted if significant differences were found between performance of NPs and nurses on simulations designed for NPs. A second hypothesis stated that no significant differences would be found across the three different simulations. The cognitive examination was hypothesized to be a meaningful covariate, as performance on a simulation depends in part on knowledge of the content area of the simulations. The examination was not found to be a significant covariate in this analysis. Meaningful differences were found between NPs and nurses, supporting the claim for the construct validity of the simulations. Meaningful differences were also found across the three simulations for both groups of subjects, suggesting that the second hypothesis of consistency of performance may have been inappropriately formulated. One measurement characteristic of the simulations may be difficulty level.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determinants of positive health behavior in middle childhood.

The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of sociodemographic variables, health experiences, family functioning, self-esteem, intrinsic motivation, and health perception to the health behaviors of preadolescent children. A convenience sample of 9- and 10-year-old children (N = 260) and their mothers responded to self-report questionnaires. Health behaviors were found to be gender specific and formed partially through a set of background variables that are largely fixed and nonmodifiable; these variables then interface with explanatory, modifiable factors that include the child's self-esteem, intrinsic motivation, and perceptions of health. Two models are described; 53% of the variance in girls' behavior and 63% of the variance in boys' behavior are explained.

Attitude to Health↗