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L L Walls

Publications and source records attributed to L L Walls.

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What are the pros and cons of requiring postgraduate residency training as an entry level practice requirement?

The technological and knowledge explosion that has occurred in this century has created a curriculum crunch within all health professional schools. The various optometric institutions are dealing with this crunch and important decisions need to be made in order to provide the best entry-level practitioners possible. This paper provides some of the pros and cons of requiring a year of postgraduate training as a requirement for entry level optometry practice.

Clinical Competence

Compulsive water drinking: a review with report of an additional case.

Symptomatic compulsive water drinking is uncommon. The pathophysiology of compulsive water drinking is essentially that of an acute organic brain syndrome from cerebral edema. The syndrome does not occur clinically unless there is an impairment of water excretion, since normal renal function allows up to 20 liters per day excess intake without accumulation. It has been reported that about 80 percent of cases are neurotic middleaged females. In almost all cases there is at least a history of neurotic symptoms or maladaptive symptoms if the history is probed. In most reported cases the patients were psychotic. When symptoms and laboratory aberration are mild, the sole treatment is water restriction. In moderate but very symptomatic cases, treatment includes both intravenous saline and water restriction. In severe cases treatment includes water restriction, intravenous hypertonic saline, diuretics, and anticonvulsants. After the acute phase, patient education may suffice as in the above case, but if psychosis is present, appropriate therapy is indicated accompanined by frequent checks of serum electrolytes to detect early aberration.

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