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Biomedical subjects

L Landa

Publications and source records attributed to L Landa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Straight ileo-anal anastomosis with myectomy as an alternative to ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in restorative proctocolectomy.

Restorative proctocolectomy with various types of reservoir is widely used in the elective surgery of ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. Both, advantages and disadvantages of this procedure are well known and documented. Straight ileo-anal anastomosis (IAA) yields unsatisfactory clinical results due to the lack of storage capacity of the distal ileum and the frequency of bowel movements related to high pressure ileal waves. In an attempt to create an alternative to the above procedures, we have performed a straight ileo-anal anastomosis with two rectangular (10 cm x 1 cm) myectomies down to 2 cm, above the anastomotic line. The two myectomies are spaced at 120 degrees to each other and to the mesenteric border of the ileal loop. The rationale of this approach is to reduce the peristaltic drive of the ileum by weakening the muscular wall. This study presents the results in three patients operated on with this new method in the last year.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Proctocolectomy and mechanical ileo-anal anastomosis without mucosectomy].

The present study compared the outcome in a small series of patients (7 cases) who underwent total proctocolectomy without mucosal proctectomy and stapled ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, constructed at the apex of the anal transitional zone, with our previous experience (17 cases) in which the ileal pouch was anastomosed at the dentate line after mucosectomy. Though not statistically significant, our limited experience showed excellent clinical results with better continence and discriminating ability between gas and faeces in the former group. The resting anal pressure profile showed no chances in the postoperative period. The operation time was significantly reduced compared with our previous approach which was a time-consuming procedure. Furthermore, a reduced risk of complications (pelvic sepsis, haemorrhage) was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Proctocolectomy and stapled ileo-anal anastomosis without mucosal proctectomy.

The present study compared the outcome of a small series of patients (7 cases) who underwent total proctocolectomy without mucosal proctectomy and stapled ileal pouch-anal anastomosis made at the apex of the anal transitional zone, with our previous experience (17 cases) in which the ileal pouch was anastomosed at the dentate line after mucosectomy. Though not statistically significant, our limited experience showed excellent clinical results with better continence and discriminating ability of flatus from faeces in the former group. The resting anal pressure profile was not changed postoperatively. The operation time was significantly reduced compared with our previous approach which was a time-consuming procedure. There was an indication that risk of complications (pelvic sepsis and haemorrhage) was less.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1988

[Spontaneous pneumothorax: surgical aspects].

The authors illustrate the cases of spontaneous pneumothorax observed in their institute along with the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. In accord with the experience of others as reported in the literature, they stress the importance of a precise, immediate diagnosis for the purposes of adopting the treatment of choice: in the presence of closed, partial forms a conservative approach is to be preferred, whereas in open and/or hypertensive cases an aspirative thoracic drainage must be provided without delay. Aggressive surgical treatment, with resection of the bullous lesions responsible for bronchopleural fistulas, will resolve the condition and should be implemented after a reasonable waiting period with aspirative drainage, or even, electively, in the first instance, in the presence of multiple relapses. In any event, the authors stress the need to avoid uncertainty and delay in view of the youthful age of most of the subjects affected and the potential danger of the complications of this apparently banal disease.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Pulmonary and systemic contribution to canine tracheobronchial blood flow.

To investigate the quantity and pathophysiological relationship of pulmonary and bronchial artery supply to the tracheobronchial tree in dogs in absence and in presence of increased tissue metabolic requirements, pulmonary and bronchial blood flow to the trachea and bronchi was determined by the radioactive microsphere method in nine adult mongrel dogs. Microspheres were injected into the right atrium of three dogs (pulmonary injection group) and into the left ventricle of four dogs (systemic injection group) just before and three, eight and fourteen days after resection and anastomosis of the right main bronchus. The remaining two dogs served as controls without surgery. After the fourth injection, the tracheobronchial tree was harvested, divided into segments, and the radioactivity counted in each segment. At baseline the systemic flow to the tracheobronchial tree expressed as percentage of cardiac output was 0.188% +/- 0.121 and the pulmonary blood flow was 0.007% +/- 0.004 (mean +/- S.D.). Three, eight and fourteen days after transection and anastomosis of the right main stem bronchus, the systemic blood flow to the bronchial segments proximal and distal to the anastomosis increased significantly whereas pulmonary blood flow did not change. Depending on the anatomical segment considered the systemic contribution was between 5 and 100 times larger than the pulmonary one, both at baseline and after transection and anastomosis of the right main stem bronchus, but the ratio diminished in more distal segments where pulmonary blood flow was larger. It is concluded that the systemic blood contribution to the canine tracheobronchial tree is larger than the pulmonary one and that, in the presence of increased metabolic needs, it responds more promptly with increased blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Anticysticercous antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with cerebral cysticercosis.

Fifty-one cases of cerebral cysticercosis proved by surgery or CT scanning were studied prospectively with the ELISA test in order to detect anticysticercous antibodies in blood and CSF. The ELISA test was also performed for detection of antibodies in 20 control patients who had CSF withdrawn during a myelogram and in 119 serum samples of asymptomatic subjects. We found an overall sensitivity of the ELISA test in the blood of 87% with a specificity of 90%. In the CSF we found a sensitivity of 87% with a specificity of 100%. However, when we compared patients with cerebral cysticercosis of a benign type with patients with cerebral cysticercosis of a malignant type we found a serum sensitivity of 75% for the benign group as compared to 93% of the malignant group. The CSF sensitivity was 80% in the benign group and 93% in the malignant group. This difference was statistically significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ineffectiveness of vasopressin in the treatment of memory impairment in chronic schizophrenia.

A vasopressin derivative or placebo was administered to 21 chronic schizophrenia patients for 3 weeks in a randomized crossover double-blind design. The patients were divided into those above and below the median on baseline memory measured by the Wechsler memory scale. Vasopressin treatment did not improve memory either in those patients with below median baseline memory or in the group as a whole.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Lyophilized amino acids versus solutions of crystallized amino acids in total parenteral nutrition].

The authors considered the possibility, for purposes of total parenteral nutrition, to use lyophilized amino-acids as an alternative to the traditional amino-acid solutions, and resolved to check their nutritional and metabolic effectiveness. For this purpose, they appraised some parameters concerning the proteic metabolism in two homogeneous groups of surgical patients, subjected to T.P.N., one with crystallized amino-acids in solution and the other with lyophilized amino-acids. The supply in glucides and in lipides was identic in both groups. It appears evident from the results that the lyophilized amino-acids not only show the advantage of being administrable in nutritional mixtures with reduced volume, but also represent a valid plastic source, and can surely replace the traditional commercial amino-acid solutions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of occupational exposure to epichlorohydrin on the frequency of chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes.

The relationship between the level of occupational exposure to epichlorohydrin (ECHH) and the clastogenic effect was studied on a group of 33 workers. The effect of ECHH was assessed by differences in the frequency of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes in ECHH-exposed and control groups. In the group exposed to the average ECHH concentration, 0.384 mg X m-3, during the last 6 months, the cytogenetic analysis revealed 2.00 +/- 0.23% AC (aberrant cells) (0.0203 B/C, breaks per cell) as compared with 1.68 +/- 0.23% AC (0.0172 B/C) in the matching controls. These results indicate that an average concentration lower than 0.40 mg X m-3 ECHH in the working atmosphere has no significant clastogenic effect on human peripheral lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Intravenous feeding in hepatectomized patients.

Ten patients, undergone major hepatic resections, treated with parenteral hyperalimentation in the postoperative period, were studied. Considered parameters were: free plasma amino acid levels and daily nitrogen balance. By comparing the trends of parameters under study with a group of patients, also hepatectomized but not treated with T.P.N., the importance of a high energetic and plastic post-operative intake is outlined. T.P.N. following major hepatic surgery appears particularly useful when the quality of the exogenous Nitrogen intake is carefully selected.

Adult↗