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Biomedical subjects

L Lange

Publications and source records attributed to L Lange.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Activity of topically applied methylprednisolone aceponate in relation to other topical glucocorticosteroids in healthy volunteers.

Topical glucocorticosteroids are useful in the treatment of various skin diseases. Although there are already many corticosteroids available, there is still need for highly potent and well tolerated ones. The anti-inflammatory activity of methylprednisolone aceponate (MPA, CAS 86401-95-8) has been investigated in 165 healthy volunteers of either sex. UV-B irradiation or cellophane tape stripping has served to produce erythema. First, the dose response relationship of MPA ointment (0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.5%) has been evaluated. MPA effects have been related to those of the vehicle and difluocortolone 21-valerate 0.1% (DFV) ointment. Then the activity of 0.1% MPA (cream, ointment and fatty ointment) has been related to those of the respective vehicles as well as commercially available preparations of five corticosteroids: betamethasone 17,21-dipropionate 0.64% (BDP), betamethasone 17-valerate 0.1% (BV), clobetasol 17-propionate 0.05% (CP), hydrocortisone 17-butyrate 0.1% (HCB), prednicarbate 0.25% (P). In each experiment, MPA activity significantly exceeded that of the respective vehicle (p < or = 0.05). MPA 0.01-0.5% ointment exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity, at least corresponding to that of 0.1% DFV ointment. A dose-dependent activity could only be observed in the UV-B-erythema test using 3 fold MED (minimal erythema doses) for irradiation, a test model differentiating strong corticosteroids. The comparison of 0.1% MPA formulations with respective reference preparations showed the following results: On stripped skin no significant differences could be detected which is demonstrated in the example of cream formulations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Dose-response relationship of topically applied methylprednisolone aceponate (MPA) in healthy volunteers.

Topical glucocorticosteroids are useful in the treatment of various skin diseases. Although many corticosteroids are available today, there is still a need for highly potent compounds with minimal adverse effects. Methylprednisolone aceponate (MPA) has recently been synthesized. Its activity has been evaluated using the vasoconstrictor assay and the poison ivy test (rhus dermatitis) in 19/20 healthy volunteers of either sex. Comparable blanching was found with MPA in a cream vehicle, in an ointment and a fatty ointment. Vasoconstriction and suppression of experimentally-induced poison ivy contact dermatitis were dose-dependent in the concentration range 0.01% to 0.5% MPA. Concentrations of MPA of at least 0.05% were significantly active. Following the highest dose, blanching was close to the maximum which can be obtained. This finding, and the improvement of rhus dermatitis, suggest that MPA belongs to the highly potent local glucocorticosteroids.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

[99mTc-anti-granulocyte antibodies (BW 250/183) in the detection of appendicitis].

Scintigraphy with 99mTc-labeled anti-granulocyte antibodies (AGAb) was performed in 50 patients with suspected appendicitis. Sequential and static imaging as well as SPECT of the pelvis and abdomen was performed 2 h p.i. In all patients the diagnosis was confirmed either histologically or by long-term follow-up. 13 patients had histologically proven acute appendicitis. In 11 patients the appendix scan had been positive and in 2 patients the scan had shown no significant tracer uptake in the right lower abdomen. The remaining 37 patients turned out not to have acute appendicitis. 29 out of these patients had negative and 3 had positive scan findings. In 5 patients the scan was equivocal. Out of these patients 2 had pathologic findings on the left side of the abdomen which turned out to be acute diverticulitis in one patient and acute peritonitis in the other. The remaining 3 patients with unclear scintigraphic findings had no acute appendicitis. Scintigraphy with AGAb is fast and easy to perform and thus superior to cell labeling methods for diagnosing acute appendicitis. Sensitivity for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was 85% with a specificity of 91%. Chronic or scarred non-granulocytic appendicitis--in which there is often no definite indication for surgery--was negative in our study except for two cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Molluscum contagiosum in three horses.

Suspected molluscum contagiosum was diagnosed in 3 horses in the Chingola district of Zambia. The horses were found to be suffering from a slow progressive skin disease with lesions on the chest, shoulders, inner and lateral aspects of the fore- and hindlimbs, the face, fetlocks, pasterns and on the lateral surfaces of the body. The lesions varied from 4 to 20mm in diameter, were hairless but covered by soft keratin projections which, when removed, left a raw elevated base tightly adherent to the epidermis. These lesions bled profusely when the animals were groomed. Older lesions were well circumscribed, raised above the surface, devoid of hair and after removal of grey-white keratin flakes, had a depigmented waxy appearance. Microscopically cytoplasmic inclusions containing many pox virions were found. Attempts at culturing the virus were unsuccessful.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A survey of helminths in domestic cats in the Pretoria area of Transvaal, Republic of South Africa. Part 1: The prevalence and comparison of burdens of helminths in adult and juvenile cats.

The helminths found in 1,502 necropsied cats were examined. The findings indicated that 65% of the cats were infested. The most prevalent helminths encountered were Ancylostoma tubaeforme (41%), Ancylostoma braziliense (25%), Dipylidium caninum (23%), Toxocara cati (11%), Taenia taeniaeformis (7.7%), Ancylostoma caninum (3.3%), Joyeuxiella fuhrmanni (2.5%), Ancylostoma ceylanicum (1.4%), and Physaloptera praeputialis (1.3%). The following helminths were recorded in fewer than 1% of the cats: Centrorhynchus spp., Pterygodermatites spp., Toxocara canis, Aleurostrongylus abstrusus and Vogeloides spp., This is the first record of the lungworms, A. abstrusus and Vogeloides spp. in cats in the Republic of South Africa. The helminths in adult and juvenile cats are compared. Of the cestodes, Joyeuxiella fuhrmanni (4%) and Taenia taeniaeformis (12%) are more prevalent in adult cats. Dipylidium caninum is marginally more common in adults (24%), and is the most common helminth in juvenile cats, being present in 21% of cases. More adult cats have Ancylostoma tubaeforme (58%), Ancylostoma braziliense (36%), Ancylostoma ceylanicum (2.4%) and Physaloptera praeputialis (1.9%) than do juvenile cats. However, juvenile cats were found to harbour more Toxocara cati (41%), Toxocara canis (0.5%) and Ancylostoma caninum (5.2%). Juvenile cats harbour appreciable numbers of both cestodes and nematodes, thus any treatment should be aimed at the elimination of both, with a broad spectrum anthelmintic.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Methodologic preferences and content of psychiatric research in an international comparison].

Empirical publications from six psychiatric journals and five countries have been investigated for differences in methodical approaches and concerning the subjects of the articles. The differences between the branches of psychiatry and neurology within the journals are more discernible both with research subjects and with methodical aspects than the differences between the journals from different countries. Some differences between psychiatric journals from different countries, relating to the subjects of research, were found in the independent variables, the dependent variables and the kinds of subjects in the samples. Countries also differ significantly in two methodical aspects: sample sizes investigated and instruments used.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed1986

Right-heart echocontrast in the anesthetized dog after i.v. administration of a new standardized sonographic contrast agent. 3rd communication: comparison of various contrast agents employed in contrast echocardiography.

Right-ventricular contrast provided by the new standardized sonographic contrast agent SH U 454, which consists of pure galactose microparticles, with 300 mg microparticles/ml and by 5 other currently employed ultrasonic contrast media was examined by 2 D echocardiography in 10 anesthetized female beagle dogs (6.8-12.7 kg) following i.v. administration. With a 5-min interval between injections each animal was given 3 injections of 2 ml of each formulation in random order using an injection speed of approximately 2 ml/s. The echocardiographic investigation was recorded on videotape and the contrast assessed blind using a visual score system (rating 0-5) by two investigators working independently and also by a videodensitometer. Only SH U 454 caused an intense, homogeneous and reproducible opacification of the right heart chambers. By comparison with other formulations for right-heart echocontrast, SH U 454 was significantly superior (p less than 0.05) in every parameter assessed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Right-heart echocontrast in the anesthetized dog after i.v. administration of a new standardized sonographic contrast agent. 1st communication: dose-response relationship.

The newly developed standardized sonographic contrast agent SH U 454, which consists of pure galactose microparticles, was examined for opacification of the right heart by 2 D echocardiography in 10 anesthetized female beagle dogs (6.8-12.7 kg) following i.v. administration. The right ventricular contrast of SH U 454 was investigated in 4 concentrations: 100, 150, 200 and 300 mg microparticles/ml suspension. With a 5-min interval between injections each animal was given 3 injections of 2 ml of each formulation in random order using an injection speed of approximately 2 ml/s. The echocardiographic pictures were recorded on videotape and the contrast assessed blind, using a visual score system (ratings 0-5), by two investigators working independently and also by a videodensitometer which measured 3 additional parameters. The contrast obtainable with SH U 454 is dose-dependent. SH U 454 containing 300 mg microparticles/ml was in every case significantly superior (p less than 0.05) to the suspension containing 100 mg/ml. All the videodensitometer values revealed a significant difference (p less than 0.05) between the 200 and 100 mg/ml concentrations. Only the concentration containing 300 mg/ml yielded contrast adequate for diagnostic purposes in respect of every parameters after every injection and in every dog.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1986

Right-heart echocontrast in the anesthetized dog after i.v. administration of a new standardized sonographic contrast agent. 2nd communication: dependence of the intensity of contrast on the interval between preparation of the suspension and its injection.

The right-ventricular echocontrast provided by 5 different concentrations of the new standardized sonographic contrast agent SH U 454 (100, 150, 200, 300 and 400 mg microparticles/ml), which consists of pure galactose microparticles, was examined in 3 anesthetized female beagle dogs (8.6-9.3 kg) in order to assess the influence of the period of time which elapsed between preparation of the suspension and its injection. Each animal was given 2 ml of an SH U 454 concentration by intravenous injection at a speed of approximately 2 ml/s immediately after preparation of the suspension and 1, 2, 3 and 5 min thereafter. Evaluation of the intensity of contrast was performed blind by two investigators working independently and using a visual scoring system (ratings 0-5) and also by a videodensitometer. The videodensitometer provided a quantitative evaluation of the maximum intensity of contrast, the duration of contrast and the area under the videodensitometer curve. The intensity of the contrast of the prepared suspension subsided at a constant rate over a period of 5 min for all the concentrations tested. However, the difference between the starting value t0min and the terminal value t5min was small. On the whole, very little difference was found over the 5-min period in the intensity of the contrast provided by any of the SH U 454 concentrations examined. Thus, for the injection the examiner has a timeframe of at least 5 min after preparation of the suspension.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1984

[Human testing of the nuclear spin tomographic contrast medium gadolinium-DTPA. Tolerance, contrast affect and the 1st clinical results].

In an initial clinical trial we examined the tolerance and the influence exercised on signals in nuclear magnetic resonance tomography by gadolinium-DTPA. In an open study, 4 dosages between 0.005 and 0.25 mmol Gd-DTPA/kg body-weight were tested on 5 healthy volunteers each. To ensure renal elimination of Gd-DTPA, NMR images were produced (0.35 T Magnetom) visualising the kidneys and urinary bladder before and more than 60 minutes after application of the contrast medium. The article shows in what manner the image is influenced by the dosage of the contrast medium and also by the time interval elapsing between injection of the contrast medium and production of the NMR tomogram. - Finally, first clinical results of NMR tomography contrast medium application are demonstrated in the case of 5 patients with cerebral tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Quantification of myocardial perfusion defects using 2-dimensional contrast echocardiography].

Ten closed-chested beagles were employed to determine whether reproducible echocontrast imaging of the myocardium could be obtained following injection of the new ultrasonic contrast medium Echocon into the aortic root, and whether myocardial perfusion defects could be successfully diagnosed by this method. The change in intensity of contrast in the myocardium was measured by videodensitometry simultaneously in the supply areas of the left anterior descending and left circumflex branches of the left coronary artery before and during occlusion of the circumflex branch by means of a balloon catheter. Injection of Echocon into the aortic root led to reproducible echocontrast imaging of the entire myocardium. The occlusion of the circumflex branch caused a significant reduction (p less than 0.01) in intensity of contrast in the supply area of the circumflex branch, whereas no differences by comparison with the starting values were identifiable in the supply area of the left anterior descending branch. The correlation factor between the sizes of the perfusion defects ascertained by echocardiography and by planimetric measurement using a pathological anatomical approach was found to be r = 0.89. The injection of Echocon into the aortic root did not induce any significant changes in the aortic or pulmonary pressure, or in heart rate. Only slight flattening of the T-waves, which never lasted longer than 15 seconds, was observed in 50% of the animals. Contrast echocardiography of the myocardium could thus contribute to the diagnosis of coronary heart disease, i.e. perfusion defects.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative review of normal echocardiographic values from the premature infant to the adolescent].

Normal M-mode echocardiographic values were analyzed from premature and term newborn infants with a body weight of 500 to 4000 g (n = 105) as well as from children ranging in age from one to 15 years with a body surface area of 0.4 to 1.6 m2 (n = 80). Standardized positioning of the recorded M-mode beam was assured through 2-dimensional echocardiographic monitoring. The maximal diastolic dimension of the right and left ventricles as well as the diastolic dimension of the aorta and the maximal dimension of the left atrium were assessed. The normal values were found to demonstrate linear relationships with weights up to 4000 g and, for larger children, with body surface areas from 0.4 to 1.6 m2. A review of values reported in the literature, of which there is a scarcity in the premature age, showed good general agreement of the mea values. The normal ranges, however, differed markedly, in some cases to such an extent that interpretation of individual echocardiographic findings would be rendered quite problematic. The explanation for these discrepancies appears most likely based on inconsistencies in spatial orientation and, subsequently, inaccurate measurements. It is apparent that establishment of normal values in a large patient population prerequisites guidelines for standardization which should include monitoring of the M-mode beam with two-dimensional echocardiography as well as use of tracings of superior quality only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Heart catheterization in newborn and young infants. Description of the method].

The data of 343 newborns and young infants were reviewed who, from 1968 until August 1982, had undergone heart catheterization. Variations in frequency of catheterization and diagnoses as well as lethality were investigated. The first rise of heart catheterization performances could be noted in the years of 1968 and 1969 (by routine application of the Rashkind procedure), another remarkable rise took place in the years from 1971 to 1975, probably due to better feasibilities of modern cardiac surgery. Later on, a new dynamic plateau was developed. With the utilization of echocardiography, a significant decrease of heart catheterization performances in certain diagnostic groups (HLH, PFC) was registered. Nowadays, however, new diagnostic challenges (infants with low gestational age, respiratory problems, PDA) require heart catheterization. Comparison of the different diagnostic groups' lethality rate reveals that children undergoing heart catheterization, in order to rule out TGA, demonstrate a remarkably higher lethality rate (27%) than children suffering from TGA (3.7%). Introduction of echocardiography has decreased this risk significantly.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

A new technique for noninvasive evaluation of femoral arterial and venous anatomy before and after percutaneous cardiac catheterization in children and infants.

A new ultrasonic method was applied to image the femoral artery and vein in children for evaluation of short- and long-term effects of cardiac catheterization with femoral percutaneous cannulation. Sixty-six children and infants (aged 5 days to 20 years) were studied with a 9 megahertz electronically focused real time scanner. Adequate studies were obtained in 46 patients before catheterization, in 26 of 30 short-term follow-up studies and in 14 long-term follow-up studies. Femoral arterial size could be quantitatively measured at the inguinal ligament and a correlation existed between imaged femoral arterial diameter and body weight (r = +0.82) or body surface area (r = +0.80). Short-term follow-up ultrasonic imaging studies allowed diagnosis of spasm and other complications of percutaneous femoral arterial puncture. Long-term follow-up studies were performed 4 months to 3 years after catheterization in 14 patients who had no complications recorded at the time of catheterization. These revealed significant differences between vessels on the catheterized and uncatheterized (control) sides in only 3 of the 14. High resolution ultrasonic imaging can provide anatomic and functional information about femoral arteries and veins and appears to be of assistance in planning cardiac catheterization and in studying the short- and long-term effects of percutaneous femoral cannulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Comparison of 2-d-echocardiographic and hemodynamic findings in patients with atrial and ventricular septal defects (author's transl)].

57 patients (age 2 to 79 years) with atrial septal defect and 28 patients (age 1 month to 60 years) with ventricular septal defect were examined to find out whether the 2-d-echo allows to predict the shunt flow and the hemodynamic parameters of the pulmonary system. In 96% of the patients with asd, the defect could be demonstrated in the subcostal view. In 68% of the patients with vsd, the defect was shown in the long axis or the subcostal view. There was a low correlation between the size of the defect and the quotient of pulmonary to systemic flow (for asd: r = 0.73; for vsd: r = 0.62). Also, the quotient of pulmonary to systemic flow related rather poorly to the quotient of pulmonary artery diameter to aortic diameter as determined in th short axis (for asdii: r = 0.75; for vsd: r = 0.73). Nor relation could be found between echocardiographic parameters and pulmonary artery pressure with one exception: if contrast-echocardiography revealed a right-to-left shunt in patients with vsd, the pulmonary pressure exceeded the systemic pressure by 50%. The results show that in patients with asd or vsd the hemodynamic situation cannot be exactly judged from echocardiographic findings alone. The consideration of several echocardiographic parameters, however, seems to allow a distinction between hemodynamically relevant and irrelevant defects, which might be helpful for clinical purposes. For patients with asd, a shunt volume of minor importance (Qp:Qs less than 1.5:1) is found if the defect does not exceed 35% of the atrial septum length and if the quotient of pulmonary to aortic diameter is less than 1. In patients with vsd, the demonstration of the defect itself and a quotient of pulmonary to aortic diameter larger than 1 means that a shunt volume with Qp:Qs greater than 1.5:1 can be expected. Unsatisfactory results concerning the pulmonary pressure are obtained even when applying the contrast-echocardiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Primary pulmonary hypertension in children].

Case report of an infant who, having been under cardiological observation since birth, developed the clinical symptoms of primary pulmonary hypertension at 12 months. The ECC showed right-ventricular hypertrophy, which progressed rapidly. Heart catheterization confirmed the suspected diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension without cardiovascular malformation. Treatment with isoproterenol and tolazoline was initiated but was unsuccessful: the child died at 18 months. The diagnosis was supported by the histopathology.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1980

Abolition of resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae by anti-polymorphonuclear leucocyte IgG.

Antipolymorphonuclear leucocyte IgG (APS IgG) was prepared from crude horse antipolymorphonuclear leucocyte antiserum (APS). The APS IgG was less toxic than the crude APS and had a powerful and specific effect on rabbit polymorphs in vivo and in vitro. In rabbits infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae it suppressed the normal polymorph response and greatly reduced resistance to infection. Anti-Klebsiella pneumoniae antibody greatly enhanced protection in normal rabbits, but had much less effect on APS/IgG-treated rabbits. It was concluded that the principal cellular defence against K. pneumoniae was the polymorph and that macrophages made only a relatively small contribution to resistance.

Animals↗