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Biomedical subjects

L Larson

Publications and source records attributed to L Larson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Diabetes insipidus in pregnancy: a treatable cause of oligohydramnios.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes insipidus, which presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and profound electrolyte abnormalities, occurs rarely in pregnancy. We report a patient with severe oligohydramnios that resolved after treatment of diabetes insipidus. CASE: A 14-year-old girl was admitted at 33 weeks' gestation with cramping and vaginal spotting. A sonogram indicated oligohydramnios and an amniotic fluid index (AFI) of 2.6, with normal fetal kidneys and bladder. On hospital day 2, the AFI was 0.0. Recorded fluid was 8 L in and 13.6 L out. Serum sodium was 153 mEq/L. Diabetes insipidus was diagnosed and treated with intranasal desmopressin acetate. The oligohydramnios resolved rapidly, and the patient delivered a healthy 2700-g male infant at 38 weeks. CONCLUSION: Although rare, diabetes insipidus may present initially in pregnancy and should be considered in patients with oligohydramnios. Simple diagnosis with determination of 24-hour urine volume and serum electrolytes can identify this potentially reversible cause of oligohydramnios and poor obstetric outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Object relations as a predictor of treatment outcome with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder.

The role of object relations as a predictor of outcome was evaluated in inpatient posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. Cohort outcome at discharge on psychometric indices was mixed, with limited evidence of reliable or clinically significant change. Treatment was associated with an overall reduction in utilization of inpatient psychiatric and residential domiciliary services. However, moderate (vs. low) levels of object relations were predictive of reliable change outcome, independent of demographics, Axis II diagnosis, symptomatic severity, or early childhood or war zone trauma exposure. The findings suggest that consideration should be given both to the manner in which patients seeking treatment for PTSD are screened and matched with a range of treatment or rehabilitation services and to how treatment outcome is conceptualized beyond symptom reduction. Rehabilitation of chronic posttraumatic symptomatology and associated psychosocial impairment may be facilitated by assessment, treatment design, and client-treatment matching on the basis of multidimensional psychological indices.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

School hunch. Could school-based health care be children's future?

Pairing kids--whether they live in rural or urban areas--with health care services is a tricky business. Lack of insurance is only one of the many variables that can prevent kids from getting the care they need. When that care is provided at school, they can get it when they need it, without long waits or fears that their privacy will be violated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Foster McGaw. Their turf, their terms.

When its neighborhood changed and people fled to the suburbs, this year's Foster McGaw winner--St. Mary's Hospital in Rochester, N.Y.--could have followed. Instead it got street-smart and stayed.

American Hospital Association↗
PubMed1996

Characterisation of leucocytic somatic cells in bovine milk.

The mammary gland is of cutaneous origin with stromal leucocytic infiltrates and it excretes leucocytes in the milk. Milk T lymphocytes are highly enriched by sedimenting milk somatic cells in a 43 per cent preformed Percoll gradient. Thirty to 54 per cent of leucocytes, harvested from the upper Percoll band, belong to CD2+ CD3+ T lymphocytes. These milk T lymphocytes are mature CD4+, or CD8+ single positive T cells, expressing CD44, CD26, and beta 1 integrin, but not Lam-1. Milk T lymphocyte subsets may play an important role in regional immunosurveillance of the mammary epithelia and stroma. Selective mechanisms may account for the trafficking of this activated, memory T lymphocyte subset in the gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Regulation of the inducible form of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase in the perfused rat ovary.

The regulation of the two isoforms of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGS-1 and PGS-2) and prostaglandin synthesis by luteinizing hormone (LH)/3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and progesterone was examined in granulosa cells and residual ovarian tissue of rat ovaries perfused in vitro. The endogenous progesterone synthesis was blocked by an inhibitor of 3 beta-dehydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase, compound A (CA), previously shown to reversibly inhibit ovulation in the in vitro perfused rat ovary. Preovulatory ovaries were perfused for 7 h, and soluble extracts from granulosa cells and residual ovarian tissue were obtained for immunoblotting and determination of the tissue contents of PGS-1/PGS-2. The tissue concentrations of prostaglandins (PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha) were measured. The ovaries were perfused with medium alone (control) or medium containing LH (0.1 microgram/ml) and IBMX (0.2 mM), LH+IBMX+CA (10 micrograms/ml) or LH+IBMX+CA+progesterone (10 micrograms/ml). PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha tissue concentrations were increased by LH+IBMX, with highest values detected for PGE2. The addition of CA alone or CA in combination with exogenous progesterone, did not change the values of prostaglandins increased by LH+IBMX. The content of PGS-1 was only marginally changed in both granulosa cells and residual ovarian tissue in the different treatment groups, compared to the control group. In contrast, PGS-2 was markedly increased by LH+IBMX, especially in the granulosa cells. The addition of CA, in combination with LH+IBMX, resulted in a small decrease of PGS-2, and progesterone further decreased its content. In the residual ovarian tissue, only minor changes of PGS-2 were detected. These results demonstrate that LH and progesterone selectively regulate the expression of PGS-2 in rat granulosa cells, whereas the hormonal regulation of PGS-1 is less pronounced. Progesterone inhibits PGS-2 in granulosa cells but has negligible effects on the total ovarian synthesis of prostaglandins during the ovulatory period.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Smoking reduction: an alternative approach for smokers who cannot quit.

Cigarette smoking is the foremost cause of death in the United States and is a major health problem worldwide. Clearly, the best way to eliminate the risk of smoking-related diseases, is to quit smoking. Smoking cessation has immediate and long-term benefits and substantially reduces the risk of many smoking-related diseases. Unfortunately, quitting smoking is rarely easy. For those smokers who cannot or do not wish to quit, reduction in their total smoking may represent a potential health benefit. Reduction in total smoking can, theoretically, be achieved by: 1) reducing the number of cigarettes smoked daily; and/or 2) switching to a low tar/low nicotine cigarette. Smokers, however, tend to self-adjust nicotine to maintain relatively constant levels. Reduction in tar/nicotine content or number of cigarettes, therefore, may not produce health benefits. Smoking reduction with alternative nicotine delivery, however, may represent an alternative option for smokers who cannot, or do not, wish to quit.

Humans↗