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Biomedical subjects

L Leger

Publications and source records attributed to L Leger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The proenkephalin-A-derivative Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu is not present in the feline species.

No opioid octapeptide Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu was detected either in the brain or in the adrenal gland of the cat using a specific radioimmunoassay. Whereas it was possible to determine the Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin contents. The Met-enkephalin versus Leu-enkephalin concentration ratio was around five in each area of the brain assayed. The presence of authentic Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. All in all, these data seem to indicate that the cat proenkephalin is partly different from that previously analysed in mammalian species including humans, rats and cows.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1979

[Clinicopathological profile of pancreatic lithiasis (author's transl)].

Clinical, radiological and histopathological features of 31 duodenopancreatectomies for chronic pancreatitis with lithiasis are analysed in relation to whether or not there was dilatation of the duct of Wirsung. Two groups of patients may be defined in the basis of this criterion: -- the first, without dilatation of the duct of Wirsung, with lithiasis predominantly affecting the head of the pancreas and irregular fibrosis, corresponding patients aged approximately 30 years, suffering from the disease for about 10 years, often already operated upon for pancreatitis; gastrointestinal bleeding is common; -- the second, with dilatation of the duct of Wirsung, with disseminated lithiasis, and very marked fibrosis, affecting patients aged over 50 years, suffering from the disease for less than 5 years and not yet operated upon for their pancreatitis. The problem of the independance of the two groups or of the possibility of progression of forms without dilatation of the duct of Wirsung to dilated forms remains.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Endoscopic sphincterotomy. 362 cases (author's transl)].

In addition to its diagnostic value, endoscopic catheterisation of the papilla may be used for the therapeutic purpose of diathermy incision of the papilla and of the intraduodenal portion of the common bile duct. Endoscopic sphincterotomy of this type has been essentially used in choletithiasis and in particular for residual lithiasis. These indications may be widened to include benign stenosis of the sphincter of Oddi, tumours of the ampulla of Vater or even acute pancreatitis. In a total of 362 cases, sphincterotomy was successful in 347 patients, it being possible to remove the calculi present in 279 of the 309 patients treated with success for lithiasis of the common bile duct. Complications occur in approximately 10% of cases, being fatal in 1.4% of cases. These are essentially related to bleeding. Retrospective comparison of mortality after surgical operation and after endoscopic sphincterotomy is in favour of the latter, provided the technique employed is perfect and the indication clearly defined. Performed without general anaesthesia, endoscopic sphincterotomy is above all indicated in the elderly and/or those with other major pathology who can be successfully treated with reduced risk in 93% of cases, as shown by the 140 personal cases of the authors cured between 6 and 36 months ago.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[The sectorisation of pancreatic pathology (author's transl)].

The existence of dilatation of the Wirsung duct distal to an isthmic calculus, the marked dilatation of the cephalic portion of the duct contrasting with the sub-normal calibre of the corporeo-caudal duct in a case of pancreatic lithiasis, are all against the pathogenic hypothesis of a retrodilatation proximal to an obstruction, a supposition which is apparently satisfactory but not always confirmed by the facts. Thus duct distension would not seem to be a purely mechanical phenomenon. The confusing topography of sectorial dilatation of the Wirsung duct in chronic pancreatitis may be explained by a process affecting in isolation or predominantly one or another embryonic sector. The paradox of the association of cephalic dilatation of the duct with stenosis of the intrapancreatic common bile duct offers further support for this hypothesis.

Calculi↗
PubMed1979

[Primary lymphoid sarcomas of the stomach. Ten cases (author's transl)].

These sarcomas fall within a precise definition and must be differentiated from gastrointestinal involvement in a haematological disorder. For certain histological forms (nodular forms), the prognosis is less bad than that of carcinomas. Pre-operative diagnosis, often difficult, must be established by large biopsies. The best results are likely to result from a combination of surgery and radiotherapy or of surgery and chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Heterotopic pancreas. Report of 8 new cases (author's transl)].

The authors report 8 new cases of heterotopic pancreas and the clinical signs of each case. The emphasise the difficulties of preoperative diagnosis owing to their usually small size and the necessity of surgical treatment justified by the same lesions which affect the normally placed pancreas including cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Tuberculosis of the oesophagus (author's transl)].

Two cases of tuberculosis of the oesophagus serve as an opportunity to review the clinical and radiological features of this rare condition. Generally situated at the junction of the upper and middle third of the oesophagus, the lesion is found opposite the invaded inter-tracheobronchial mediastinal nodes which may give rise to a fistula. Confirmed by oesophagoscopy, direct bacteriological examination, oesophageal tuberculosis is usually cured without sequelae by antituberculous therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The Wirsung's duct of in surgical chronic pancreatitis. Radiologial and anatomical study (author's transl)].

On the basis of pancreatography findings and the study of operative specimens in 32 cases of duodenopancreatectomy, it was possible to distinguish two groups according to whether or not the duct of Wirsung was dilated. When the duct was not dilated, fibrosis was relatively marked, but disseminated and more notable in sections of the head than in sections of the isthmus. Lithiasis was essentially cephalic, but distributed more or less equally between the duct of Wirsung and the canaliculi. When the duct was dilated, there was marked fibrosis, distributed equally. Lithiasis was radiologically diffuse throughout the organ, but situated in particular in the duct of Wirsung itself.

Calculi↗
PubMed1978

[Intra-hepatic gall bladder complicated by post-operative stones in the common bile duct. The value of endoscopic sphincterotomy (author's transl)].

Two cases of migration of stones in the common bile duct following operation of cholecystitis secondary to cholelithiasis in an intra-hepatic gall bladder are reported. The authors emphasise the difficulties of the operation. When it was necessary to limit surgery to external drainage, migration of stones to the common duct from the gall bladder left in place is possible. In the two cases presented, endoscopic sphincterotomy resulted in the early expulsion of the calculi and permanent drainage of the common bile duct, a presumptive guarantee against the complications of new migrations.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Gastric acid secretion by vagal electrostimulation (author's transl)].

In the operative verification of vagotomy, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerves with the study of pH should seem to be a reliable method. On the basis of an experiment in the cat, the authors emphasise the effectiveness of electrical stimulation of gastric acid secretion, confirmed by 16 clinical cases. Stimulation of the proximal end of the divided right nerve may be used to detect a nervous strand arising above the level of the section and to confirm the completeness of left vagotomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Serotonin nerve terminals in the locus coeruleus of adult rat: a radioautographic study.

Serotonin (5-HT) nerve terminals in the locus coeruleus (LC) of adult rat were visualized by high-resolution radioautography, in order to examine their distribution, fine structural features and intimate relationships with norepinephrine neurons. In animals pretreated with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, prolonged intraventricular perfusion of 10(-4) M [3H]5-HT resulted in a specific identification of most if not all 5-HT axonal varicosities in LC. These terminals were equally distributed between the dorsal and ventral divisions of the nucleus. Their density was approximated at 10(7) per cu.mm within the middle third of the LC. In electron microscope radioautographs, the labeled 5-HT varicosities averaged 0.9 micron in diameter. They all exhibited a distinctive storage organelle, in the form of microvesicles and microcanaliculi (15-25 nm in diameter) partly filled with electron-dense material and usually aggregated in association with several large dense-core vesicles. While this finding of intrinsic morphological characteristics appeared compatible with a special cellular origin or regional differentiation, it was also suggestive of particular functional properties and/or mode of action. In a sample comprised of some 500 sectional profiles from labeled 5-HT varicosities in LC, a small proportion only (less than 10%) exhibited morphologically defined synaptic junctions. These rare contacts were invariably made with dendritic processes and never observed on the noradrenergic perikarya. It is therefore concluded that, in the LC, non-synaptic as well as synaptic mechanisms might be involved in the modulation and transneuronal regulation of norepinephrine neurons by 5-HT afferents.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Cystic pneumatosis of the small intestine following jejuno-ileal by-pass for obesity (author's transl)].

The case reported is that of a young woman who underwent a termino-terminal jejno-ileal by-pass procedure for obesity which was refactory to usual forms of treatment. Eight months later, a cholecystectomy was carried out for lithiasis, presenting with abdominal pain. At the time of operation, lesions of cystic pneumatosis were discovered on the excluded length of small bowel. This complication frequently manifests itself in the form of pseudosurgical abdominal pain, or as diarrhoea. More rarly, it is a radiological finding. The pathogenesis remains a subject of discussion. The mechanical theory would seem the most logical, since colonic intraluminal pressure is higher than that in the intestine excluded from the circuit. Bacterial proliferation, classical in blind loops, would be a farourising factor.

Adult↗