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Biomedical subjects

L Locatelli

Publications and source records attributed to L Locatelli.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Corticotropin releasing hormone, interleukin-1 alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha share characteristics of stress mediators.

Interleukin-1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce an increase in pain thresholds in the rat. We now show that also the corticotropin releasing hormone induces an analgesic effect that, similarly to what is observed with the two cytokines, is not reversible by naloxone. Moreover, we also show that after the administration of interleukin-1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and corticotropin releasing hormone, naloxone becomes analgesic itself. A similar observation was also made in the human and the experimental animal after exposure to stressful conditions. The results obtained suggest that the two cytokines share with corticotropin releasing hormone some characteristics of stress mediators.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacological modulation of neuropeptides in peripheral mononuclear cells.

The concentrations of beta-endorphin and cholecystokinin were measured in fresh resting peripheral mononuclear cells obtained from rats and human subjects in basal conditions and after different pharmacological treatments. Both in the human and the rat, beta-endorphin concentrations in mononuclear cells, increased after treatment with serotoninergic agonists, decreased after dopaminergic or GABAergic drugs, while the respective antagonists exerted the opposite effect. In vitro, serotoninergic and GABAergic compounds confirmed their roles in the modulation of beta-endorphin in mononuclear cells. Cholecystokinin was never affected by the pharmacological treatments.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Differential effects of insulin and hyperglycemia on intracellular glucose disposition in humans.

Insulin stimulates both glucose oxidation and nonoxidative glucose disposal (glycogen and lipid synthesis, anaerobic glycolysis) in vivo. The influence of hyperglycemia per se on these two major pathways of intracellular glucose disposition has not been established. Whole-body glucose oxidation (by continuous indirect calorimetry) and total glucose turnover (by the glucose clamp technique) were measured in six healthy volunteers under four different experimental conditions: (protocol A) insulin was infused at a rate of 1 mU/min/kg while euglycemia (92 +/- 1 mg/100 mL) was maintained by an exogenous glucose infusion (8.05 +/- 0.94 mg/min/kg over three hours); (protocol B) the insulin infusion was halved but the same glucose infusion was given, thereby raising plasma glucose levels to a plateau of 144 +/- 14 mg/100 mL over the third hour; (protocol C) the insulin infusion was further reduced to 0.25 mU/min/kg, but the glucose infusion rate was left unchanged, whereby plasma glucose plateaued at 275 +/- 21 mg/100 mL; and (protocol D) the insulin infusion rate was 0.5 mU/min/kg), but the glucose infusion was adjusted (5.03 +/- 0.69 mg/min/kg) to maintain euglycemia. In all protocols, somatostatin was used to block endogenous insulin response. Under euglycemic conditions (protocols A and D), the presence of higher plasma insulin levels (80 +/- 6 v 39 +/- 5 microU/mL) caused the expected stimulation of both glucose oxidation (4.08 +/- 0.29 v 3.27 +/- 0.36 mg/min/kg) and nonoxidative glucose uptake (4.84 +/- 0.67 v 2.96 +/- 0.77 mg min/kg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lack of endocrine systemic side effects after topical application of spironolactone in man.

In six healthy male volunteers, the percutaneous absorption of spironolactone was compared with placebo in a double-blind crossover study. The subjects were randomly given either a cream containing 5% spironolactone or placebo to be applied in a randomized sequential way to a well defined skin area equivalent to 55% of body area. During the 72 h following the application of the ointment, blood levels of canrenone, the major metabolite of spironolactone, have been determined. In order to estimate the systemic antiandrogenic effect of spironolactone, plasma levels of 17-alpha-Hydroxy progesterone (17 alpha-OH-P), Testosterone (pT) and non-conjugated 3 alpha-Androstanediol (3 alpha-diol, metabolite of the active androgen 5 alpha-Dihydrotestosterone or DHT) as well as salivary Testosterone (sT) which relate to the free and active plasma testosterone fraction have also been measured. Urinary levels of canrenone have been determined 48 hours after cream application. No changes in any levels of these hormones have been detected and plasma canrenone levels were undetectable during the 72 hours of topical treatment. Topically administered, spironolactone appears to have only a local skin impregnation.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1987

Physiology of ileoanal anastomosis with ileal reservoir for ulcerative colitis and adenomatosis coli.

A physiologic and metabolic assessment was carried out on eight patients six months after total proctocolectomy with ileal reservoir for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatosis coli. All patients were continent and able to defecate spontaneously, stool frequency ranging from two to five per 24 hours. Anal sphincter resting pressures (35 +/- 14 mmHg) and squeeze pressures (88 +/- 24.2 mmHg) were similar to those of a healthy population, with the exception of one patient's complaint of nocturnal mucous leakage per anus. Biopsies of the ileal mucosa of the reservoirs showed a mild inflammation in seven patients; in one a subtotal villous atrophy (plus glandular pattern) was found. Anthropometric measurements, lymphocyte counts, hemoglobin, albumin, transferrin, iron, B12, and folate were normal in all. In the majority of patients there was no evidence of bacterial overgrowth. Vitamin B12 absorption was reduced slightly in only one patient. Lipid absorption (as judged by the 14C-Triolein breath test) was abnormal in three patients. Fecal clearance of alpha 1 antitrypsin as protein losses index was abnormal in three patients. Bile acid malabsorption was the most important ileal dysfunction observed in the patients.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1977

[Appendectomy and colo-rectal carcinoma. Clinico-statistical and experimental studies].

A clinico-statistical investigation has been carried out with a view to establishing whether or not there is any correlation between appendicectomy and onset of colorectal cancer. The analysis showed that the frequencies of appendicectomy in the sample studied and in the control sample were not statistically different. On the other hand, it was observed that in patients suffering from colorectal carcinoma, the age at which appendicectomy was performed is is greater than in control subjects, with a constant mean interval in males and females (17 years). Experimental research on appendicectomized rats confirmed that the incidence of clinically induced tumours is no greater than that observed in control animals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Clinico-statistical notes on some characteristics of thyrotoxicosis].

Statistical analysis was used to examine certain environmental and biological aspects of thyrotoxicosis, specifically: marital status, occupation, sex, age of onset of menarche and menopause, number of pregnancies and miscarriages, blood groups (ABO, Rh system). The results showed a significant prevalence of non-married working women among patients suffering from thyrotoxicosis. They also showed that the patients under examination reach menarche at an earlier age and the menopause at a later age than a control group, and the figures were statistically significant.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1975

[Computer study of the anatomo-clinical characteristics of breast carcinoma. II].

Data relating to the major and minor clinical features of breast cancer were examined in 200 cases and correlated to obtain an overall picture of the objective picture. The classic pattern was present in most cases. Some data, such as patient occupation and the extent of lymph node invasion expressed different meanings, while various parameters led to dubitative conclusions.

Adolescent↗