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Biomedical subjects

L M Ahlemann

Publications and source records attributed to L M Ahlemann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Radiation treatment of plastic induration of the penis].

Between 1969 and 1984, a group of 54 patients with plastic induration of the penis was treated at the Medical Radiation Institute of the University of Tübingen. During the first years conventional X-ray irradiation was applied, and since 1974 patients were submitted to 3 or 5 MeV electron irradiation of a linear accelerator, until a total focal dose of 20 Gy was accumulated. 78% of these patients were between 50 and 60 years old. Sixteen patients suffered from a simultaneous Dupuytren contracture, one patient had a fibrosis of mamma virilis. The treatment results reached from satisfactory until very good in 69% of all cases. Complete regression or a considerable improvement was obtained for indurations in 59%, for deviations in 69%, and for erection algesia in 79%. Radiogenic damages can be excluded in case of a gonad exposition of 0.2 Gy. There were no permanent cutaneous lesions after a total focal dose of 20 Gy. The prognostic importance of an early treatment is underlined; late stages presenting ossifications can be treated only by surgery. For routine diagnosis of site, extent, and possible mineralization of the regions involved, soft ray phallography performed with the technique of mammography can be used.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness of radiation therapy following breast-preserving surgery in breast carcinoma].

Two patient groups submitted to different treatment schemes--with and without postoperative radiotherapy--were investigated in a retrospective study in order to find out the frequency of recurrences after conservative surgery in mammary carcinoma of the stages T1 and T2. Postoperative radiotherapy following to conservative surgery was found to be the most efficient method to prevent recurrences in patients presenting negative as well as positive axillary lymph node findings. During a follow-up period of 26 months, there was only one recurrence in 50 patients treated by conservative surgery and subsequent radiotherapy, whereas the recurrence rate of patients not irradiated after surgery was 23%.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Differentiation of disease recurrence in various primary malignancies using CEA slope analysis.

CEA slope analysis was performed for patients with various primary malignancies who developed recurrent disease. In 340 cases CEA slopes could be calculated, and in 289 cases correlated with distinct diagnosis of recurrent disease. Local recurrence showed a slope range of 0.02-15.2 micrograms CEA increase/l serum/10 days (median = 0.28) and metastatic spread a slope range of 0.03-456 micrograms CEA increase/l serum/10 days (median = 0.98). Subgroups of patients with metastatic spread to the liver, bone, peritoneum and other sites had distinct CEA slope distributions independent of the primary tumors. Comparable slope ranges were found with two different commercially available kits, one a radioimmunoassay (antiserum) and the other enzyme-immunoassay (monoclonal antibody).

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1985

[Damage to inner ear function caused by the effect of ionizing rays].

In the literature the inner ear is claimed to be resistent to the effects of ionizing irradiation. We therefore studied the inner ear function in a group of 49 patients who had undergone radiotherapy for malignant tumors of the head in which the irradiated field included at least one inner ear. 67 ears had been irradiated, 46 of them showed a sensorineural hearing loss of 10 dB or more. The frequency and the degree of the inner ear damage was correlated with the dosage of the irradiation and with the time elapsed after the end of radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Representation of tumor and organ contours by projection radiography--an important supplement to radiotherapeutic treatment planning].

A special program developed in collaboration with the manufacturer ot the computer tomograph Somatom DR3 allows to transfer organ or tumor shapes from the transverse computed tomography scan to the localization radiograph (projection radiography). Some typical examples are presented in order to describe the possibilities offered for radiotherapy planning by this method. The procedure may be applied in all cases where neoplasms have to be irradiated or to spared and where this is of a decisive importance for simulator planning.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Optimizing tumor markers in breast cancer: monitoring, prognosis, and therapy control.

The clinical validity of tumor markers in breast cancer is reevaluated. Though ideal tumor markers are presently not available for breast cancer patients, optimizing markers can be achieved, applying markers in special situations and in selected fields of oncology. Tumor markers like carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and tissue polypeptide antigen are only of limited value in the primary diagnosis of breast cancer due to their low sensitivity and their poor specificity. Single postsurgical CEA values in selected groups of mammary carcinomas, however, can be used to predict patients with high risk of recurrence and they imply considerable prognostic information. Serial CEA determination in the follow-up of patients with operated breast cancer are highly sensitive in early detection of recurrences and are also useful in controlling therapy in individual cases. The biological basis of tumor marker measurements reflecting tumor growth is pointed out and newly developed methodologies for the potential establishment of more specific tumor markers for serodiagnosis and for immunolocalization of tumors are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Large mantle fields--indication, technic, tolerance and side effects].

In our Department, the technique of large mantle fields has proved to be a good therapeutic means for supradiaphragmatic and infradiaphragmatic irradiation of several lymph node groups in one irradiation field. With this technique the lymph node groups needing a treatment can be irradiated without overlappings or gaps, and thus the therapy reliability is considerably improved. The side effects are limited with respect to the large volume dose, in the individual case they can easily be eliminated by reducing the single dose. Gastrointestinal side effects can be controlled by chemotherapy in a satisfactory manner. Only in very few cases the modifications of the white blood count necessitated a short interruption of the therapy cycle. Furthermore, the simplified and easily reproducible focussing of the individual fields is especially appreciated by the technical staff.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Optimization of the isodosis in case of radiotherapy with asymmetric target volumes].

By superimposing only two moving fields, it is nearly always possible to adapt an 80% isodose to asymmetric target volumes. By means of wedge filters, it is possible to create asymmetric 80% isodoses with only one irradiation field. The authors compare four different moving field techniques for the irradiation of the left kidney region with regard to the radiation exposure of various transverse body regions. If wedge filters are used for moving field therapy, the average dose values of the different organs are generally significantly inferior to those measured in case of conventional moving field therapy. The reduction of the total volume exposure by 20% and of the liver exposure by nearly 50% is most favorable. Another great advantage is the complete sparing of the remaining kidney. These quantitative advantages are supplemented by the qualitative factor concerning the considerably simplified therapy planning and the easy focussing.

Filtration↗
PubMed1981

[CT scanning in patients with amputated leg (author's transl)].

CT scanning after above-knee amputation and below-knee amputation helps to determine the calcium salt content of the examined bones, and to differentiate changes in the surrounding soft parts. By comparing the sides, it is quite easy to detect osteoporotic changes shortly after amputation which would otherwise remain undetected by X-ray film examination. It is equally easy to verify muscular changes, whereas characteristic changes in density allow to determine the share of vacant fat in muscular atrophy. Initial examinations proved the usefulness of CT diagnosis for early detection of dystrophic osseous and muscular changes and also show the possibilities of early therapy control of dystrophy treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of serum beta 2-microglobulin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the follow-up of breast cancer patients.

Using commercially available radioimmune test kits, serial determinations of serum beta 2-microglobulin and CEA were performed in 337 patients, who had been treated for breast cancer by modified radical mastectomy and radiotherapy. The pre-therapeutic data indicated a higher incidence of pathological beta 2-microglobulin and CEA levels in patients with distant metastases than in patients with localized disease. However, this finding did not allow the conclusion of a direct complementarity of beta 2-microglobulin and CEA as tumour markers, since the group of patients with distant metastasis contained a high percentage of elderly patients who generally can be expected to have elevated beta 2-microglobulin serum concentrations. Therefore, the correlation of the clinical course of malignant disease and the incidence of relapses with the changes of serum beta 2-microglobulin and CEA concentrations was examined during the post-treatment surveillance: 7/9 cases (78%) with local recurrence and 46/73 cases (63%) with distant spread of disease were not indicated in the beta 2-microglobulin follow-up by pathologic serum concentrations, whereas in the CEA follow-up only 1/9 and 2/73 false negative indications were registered. The poor correlation suggests that serum beta 2-microglobulin is not directly tumour associated in breast cancer and does not fulfill the criteria of a tumour marker.

Adult↗