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Biomedical subjects

L M Carroll

Publications and source records attributed to L M Carroll.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Application of singing techniques for the treatment of dysphonia.

Management of voice disorders requires careful examination of vocal control and compensation, with exercises designed to improve efficient compensation while reducing effects of pathology on vocal production. Specific singing exercises have been proven to be beneficial in the resolution and compensation for pathology. Detailed assessment and intervention strategies are outlined from the perspective of the vocologist, who specializes in combining vocal arts with voice therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise.

A classical vocal exercise called "messa di voce" (Italian for "placing the voice") was used to study the symmetry of intensity increase and decrease in six trained singers. Ideally, the exercise is performed as a symmetric triangle, a linear increase in loudness, followed by a linear decrease. Given that some physiologic variables, like lung volume, undergo unidirectional change rather than a symmetric reversal, there is reason to believe that symmetries may not exist. It was found that highly trained singers who use large SPL ranges tend to abbreviate the decrescendo phase in comparison with the crescendo phase. In a few other cases, a plateau in SPL is reached, but an increase in loudness may still be perceived on the basis of a stronger vibrato or changes in timbre.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Singing power ratio: quantitative evaluation of singing voice quality.

This paper presents a parameter for objectively evaluating singing voice quality. Power spectrum of vowel sound /a/ was analyzed by Fast Fourier Transform. The greatest harmonics peak between 2 and 4 kHz and the greatest harmonics peak between 0 and 2 kHz were identified. Power ratio of these peaks, termed singing power ratio (SPR), was calculated in 37 singers and 20 nonsingers. SPR of sung /a/ in singers was significantly greater than in nonsingers. In singers, SPR of sung /a/ was significantly greater than that of spoken /a/. By digital signal processing, power spectrum of sung /a/ was varied, and the processed sounds were perceptually analyzed. SPR had a significant relationship with perceptual scores of "ringing" quality. SPR provides an important quantitative measurement for evaluating singing voice quality for all voice types, including soprano.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Respiratory and glottal efficiency measures in normal classically trained singers.

Respiratory and glottal efficiency measures were collected from a pool of 40 classically trained singers with normal larynges. All singers had > or = 3 years of formal classical voice training and were active professional solo classical singers. Mean flow rates were obtained from all subjects to assess glottal efficiency. Additionally, maximum phonation times and phonation quotients were obtained from a subset of the singers. Pulmonary function test data on forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory flow were obtained for all subjects. Results were compared with published normal values, not specifically derived from trained singers, used commonly in voice laboratories. Differences were found, suggesting the need for separate normative data to be used for evaluation of the vocal athlete.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Alcohol use and risky sex among college students.

Undergraduates, 55 men and 151 women, completed a 13-item survey about drinking behavior and sexual activity. In general, men and women were similar in their behaviors. Despite recent efforts to promote AIDS awareness, it appears that both genders may be engaging in risky behavior. The results are discussed in terms of educational efforts aimed at AIDS prevention.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Voice abnormalities in short stature syndromes.

Patients with short stature have a high incidence of voice and laryngeal abnormalities. In sixteen patients with short stature of various etiologies, these abnormalities appeared to be unrelated to hearing loss or other otolaryngologic problems. However, in many patients they were associated with typical symptoms and signs of voice abuse. Physicians and speech-language pathologists caring for patients with short stature should be alert for voice problems, and should consider instituting early voice education, diagnosis and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Male soprano voice: a rare complication of thyroidectomy.

A soprano voice from cricothyroid fusion is a rare complication following thyroidectomy. Thyroid surgeons should be aware of this possibility and recognize it early if voice pitch rises following thyroid surgery. This patient's unfortunate complication may prove fortuitous for phonosurgeons and their patients. Cricothyroid fusion may provide a better long-term retention of frequency elevation than traditional cricothyroid approximation. It is also a reversible procedure. Cricothyroid fusion should be investigated as an alternative to cricothyroid approximation for pitch modification.

Cicatrix↗