PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L M Crawford

Publications and source records attributed to L M Crawford.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Subcortical dementia revisited: similarities and differences in cognitive function between progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA).

To examine the similarities and differences in cognitive function between three predominantly subcortical dementing disorders associated with parkinsonism we compared the profiles of cognitive performance in 39 patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), 26 patients with Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and 25 with Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD) with those of 30 patients with classic cortical dementia, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), using two different cognitive screening tests: Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE). The cognitive profile on ACE and DRS subtests distinguished subcortical diseases from each other as well as from AD. All parkinsonian syndromes were characterized by a disproportionate impairment in verbal fluency, particularly letter fluency. The three diseases differed, however, in the degree of language, memory and visuospatial impairment. We conclude that similarities, as well as differences, between PSP, MSA and CBD can be detected using a brief, clinically applicable cognitive screening test. The pattern of cognitive impairment is likely to reflect a different distribution of pathology, in particular a higher degree of cortical involvement in PSP and CBD.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Cognitive bedside assessment in atypical parkinsonian syndromes.

BACKGROUND: Despite the growing recognition of the importance of cognitive symptoms for the diagnosis and management of atypical parkinsonian syndromes, the cognitive assessment of the patients in clinical practice often remains very limited. OBJECTIVES: To examine the ability of a brief and simple cognitive screening test to detect cognitive deficits in atypical parkinsonian syndromes. METHODS: Addenbrooke's cognitive examination (ACE), the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and the dementia rating scale (DRS) were applied to 26 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 39 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 25 with corticobasal degeneration (CBD). The results were then compared with those obtained in 30 healthy age matched volunteers and 30 patients with Alzheimer's disease. RESULTS: In all four diseases the rate of detection of cognitive impairment on ACE was higher than on MMSE and comparable with DRS. The severity of cognitive impairment was most pronounced in the CBD group, which showed a similar degree of impairment to the Alzheimer group. In contrast, MSA patients were the least cognitively impaired. The PSP group took an intermediate position. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive impairment in atypical parkinsonian syndromes can be detected using a brief and clinically applicable bedside test such as ACE.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

First DVM degrees.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Veterinary↗
PubMed1995

Delaney reform.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Regulation of animal care and research. The final order on Good Laboratory Practices.

On June 20, 1979, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) enacted all aspects of its Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) program. The program was instituted to ensure the quality and integrity of the safety data submitted to FDA in support of the approval of regulated products, including human and animal drugs, food additives, biologicals, radiation-emitting products and human medical devices. Moreover, these considerations include all safety data submitted to support applications for research and marketing permits. These steps were taken in response to the appalling circumstances uncovered in a limited series of inspections of laboratories that was performed during 1975. FDA found careless experimentation, improperly trained employees, unreviewed data, omitted data, improper laboratory and animal care procedures and improperly monitored contract studies, including the failure of sponsors to validate the data appearing in the final study reports. The Congress responded to this situation by allocating FDA 600 new positions and .$16 million to remedy the problems that were evident. In their final form, the GLP's represent regulations fine tuned to assure proper safety testing with a minimum of increased cost. It is hoped that these regulations will increase public confidence in FDA decision making and will help to ensure that safe products are approved for marketing.

Laboratories↗