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Biomedical subjects

L M Jampol

Publications and source records attributed to L M Jampol.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effect of an ultraviolet-filtering intraocular lens on cystoid macular edema.

A prospective double-masked study of 301 patients was undertaken to compare the effect of ultraviolet (UV) filtering in implant intraocular lenses (IOL) on the angiographic incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME) in patients undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction. Patients were randomized to receive either a posterior chamber IOL that contained UV-absorbing chromophore or an identical IOL which did not contain such a chromophore. All patients were scheduled for fluorescein angiography between three and six months after surgery; 228 angiograms were obtained that were readable for the presence or absence of angiographic CME. The mean interval following surgery was 4.3 months. The incidence of CME was 18.8% (21 of 112) in patients who received lenses without UV-filtering chromophore and 9.5% (11 of 116) in patients who received IOLs that contained UV-filtering chromophore. These findings show that UV-filtering-IOLs resulted in a statistically significant (P = 0.03) decrease in the incidence of CME. The presence or absence of the UV-filtering chromophore did not, however, significantly affect visual acuity in the early postoperative period.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Large druse-like lesions on the surface of choroidal nevi.

Three patients had choroidal nevi with a single, large, overlying, hypopigmented lesion. In one case, this lesion was observed to enlarge for seven years, although the nevus, itself, did not. All of the hypopigmented lesions showed mild hyperfluorescence early in the fluorescein angiogram and intense staining in the later phases. These lesions were probably large drusen that developed on the surface of the nevi.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Cilioretinal collateral circulation after occlusion of the central retinal artery.

Two elderly patients were noted to have unilateral central retinal arterial narrowing with cilioretinal arterial collaterals supplying the bulk of the flow to the inner retina. One patient had excellent acuity and normal pupillary reactions; the other had marked impairment of vision and an afferent pupillary defect. Both patients were asymptomatic. We suggest that these patients had gradual or partial central retinal arterial occlusion which allowed the development of a collateral arterial supply from the ciliary system.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of sickle cell hyphema.

Eyes of adult albino rabbits were injected intracamerally with either normal saline or anticoagulated human sickle cell blood to study the effect of hyperbaric oxygen administration on sickle cell hyphema. The administration of two atmospheres of 100% oxygen for 2 hr to the rabbits raised the pO2 of the aqueous humor from a baseline value of 63.5 +/- 12.3 mmHg (mean +/- SD) to 620 +/- 133 mmHg in saline-injected eyes and 503.7 +/- 89.1 mmHg in eyes injected with human sickle cell blood. This rise in pO2 was highly significant (P less than 0.0001). The percentage of sickled cells in the anterior chamber 2 hr after injection decreased from 35.7 +/- 32.4% in rabbits breathing room air to 4.1 +/- 2.8% in rabbits exposed to hyperbaric oxygen for 2 hr. Hyperbaric oxygen can thus significantly raise aqueous humor pO2 values and decrease the sickling of erythrocytes in the anterior chamber and may be of value in patients with sickle cell hyphema.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1984

Effect of primary capsulotomy with extracapsular surgery on the incidence of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema.

We performed a prospective randomized study of 288 patients to assess the effect of primary capsulotomy on the angiographic incidence of cystoid macular edema in patients undergoing extracapsular surgery with implantation of an intraocular lens. Patients either had a primary capsulotomy or the posterior capsule remained intact immediately following uneventful posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. Of the 288 patients, 183 (63%) underwent fluorescein angiography. Angiographically confirmed cystoid macular edema occurred significantly more often in the primary capsulotomy group (20 of 93 patients) than in the intact capsule group (four of 71 patients), for an incidence of 21.5% vs 5.6% (P = .003). The cystoid macular edema appeared milder in the intact capsule group; all the patients with angiographically confirmed cystoid macular edema achieved visual acuities of 20/50 or better. The presence of cystoid macular edema made no difference on visual outcome in the intact capsule group. In contrast, the patients with angiographically confirmed cystoid macular edema in the primary capsulotomy group had significantly worse vision than those who did not have cystoid macular edema (P less than .02).

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The eye in accelerated hypertension. II. Localized serous detachments of the retina in patients.

Hypertensive choroidopathy was noted in seven patients with accelerated or malignant hypertension. The acute lesion consisted of white areas of retinal pigment epithelial necrosis with overlying serous detachments of the retina. The detachments varied in size. Fluorescein staining of the damaged pigment epithelium and leakage into the subretinal space were demonstrated in several of these patients. Medical control of the BP resulted in a rapid disappearance of the detachment with minimal permanent ophthalmoscopic changes. Reperfusion of the choriocapillaris was suggested by the fluorescein angiogram. Patients with poor control of BP demonstrated at old sites of serous detachments more extensive retinal pigment epithelial pigmentary changes. Some lesions show a central hyperpigmented core surrounded by pigment atrophy (chronic Elschnig's spots). We suspect that choroidal vascular changes predominate when acute elevation of BP is present, whereas a more gradual onset of hypertension results in retinal vascular changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome. I. Clinical findings.

We examined 11 young patients with unilateral ocular findings that included multiple white dots at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) or the deep retina, vitreal cells, RPE granularity in the macula, reduced visual acuity, electroretinogram (ERG) and early receptor potential (ERP) amplitudes, and fluorescein leakage from disc capillaries and late staining of the RPE. Recovery of visual function included a dramatic improvement in ERG and ERP amplitudes over several weeks. The etiology of this syndrome remains uncertain; there is no definite evidence of systemic involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome. II. Electrophysiology of the photoreceptors during retinal pigment epithelial disease.

We performed electrophysiologic studies of photoreceptor function in three patients with multiple evanescent white dot syndrome. During the acute stage, while the visual acuity was impaired, the electroretinogram (ERG) a-wave and the early receptor potential (ERP) amplitudes were profoundly decreased. The ERP regeneration times, determined for one subject, were prolonged. These findings suggest that photoreceptor function was impaired (abnormal a-wave), the effective visual pigment optical density of the outer segments was markedly reduced (ERP amplitude), and visual pigment regeneration was abnormal (ERP regeneration kinetics). During the recovery stage, the ERG and ERP amplitudes and visual acuity returned to normal. Our patients' disease seemed to be primarily of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The decreased visual pigment density and prolonged regeneration kinetics emphasize the physiologic dependence of the sensory retina on the RPE.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Prophylaxis and therapy of aphakic cystoid macular edema.

Aphakic cystoid macular edema (ACME) can be a visually significant complication of modern cataract surgery. Prophylaxis of ACME is preferable to therapy of established ACME. Selection of the appropriate cataract operation, control of systemic factors, avoidance of topical catecholamines, control of intraocular inflammation and use of topical or systemic pharmacologic agents may play a role in the prevention of ACME. If it is proven that light toxicity influences the development of ACME, filters in operating microscopes or in intraocular lenses, cataract glasses, or contact lenses may be helpful. Once ACME is present, antiinflammatory therapy has been the main intervention, although its longterm value remains uncertain. Surgical approaches of unproven value have included photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and removal of an intraocular lens.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1984

A randomized clinical trial of feeder vessel photocoagulation of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy. II. Update and analysis of risk factors.

Follow-up of patients enrolled in a randomized prospective trial of feeder vessel photocoagulation for proliferative sickle cell retinopathy has shown that photocoagulation is effective in preventing vitreous hemorrhage and visual loss from vitreous hemorrhage. In addition, a reduction of visual loss from all causes in photocoagulated eyes approaches statistical significance. Analysis of control eyes shows that there are three independent risk factors for the occurrence of vitreous hemorrhage: (1) the presence of the SC genotype, (2) the presence of vitreous blood at the initial evaluation and, (3) the presence of greater than 60 degrees of perfused neovascularization.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1984

Argon laser destruction of anterior chamber implantation cysts.

Five patients with anterior chamber implantation cysts underwent argon laser therapy. Three cysts were eradicated and one shrunk to a small stable remnant within 1 to 5 treatment sessions. One cyst re-formed repeatedly, prompting iridocyclectomy. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 38 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Management of loose Choyce-style anterior chamber lenses.

Loose Choyce-style anterior chamber intraocular lens implants were removed from four patients. We offer general and specific guidelines for the management of patients with mobile Choyce-style anterior chamber lens, with discussion of corneal decompensation, cystoid macular edema, and iritis in these patients, and for prevention of the problem.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Vitreous fluorophotometry in patients with hypertension.

Vitreous fluorophotometry performed on 22 patients with moderate to severe hypertension showed that patients with active retinopathy, as manifested by retinal hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, retinal exudates and edema, or disc edema, generally had elevated values (20/28 eyes). Control of the BP resulted in a decrease in the values toward the normal range. Patients with only arteriolar sclerosis, even some with particularly high BP, generally had normal fluorophotometric values (14/16 eyes). The two exceptions showed minimal elevations. Vitreous fluorophotometry is a useful tool to quantitate the blood-retinal barrier in patients with moderate to severe hypertension and may be a sensitive indicator of treatment efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Aminocaproic acid decreases secondary hemorrhage after traumatic hyphema.

Forty-eight patients (49 eyes) had nonperforating traumatic hyphema. Twenty-eight patients (28 eyes with hyphema) received oral aminocaproic acid, an antifibrinolytic agent, in a dosage of 100 mg/kg every four hours for five days, up to a maximum daily dose of 30 g. Twenty patients (21 eyes with hyphema) received placebo in an identical regimen. One eye treated with aminocaproic acid rebled; seven eyes receiving the placebo rebled. The results of this study show a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of secondary hemorrhage in the patients receiving aminocaproic acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Retinal damage from a Q-switched YAG laser.

A 42-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia and proliferative retinopathy underwent neodymium-YAG laser therapy for a taut posterior hyaloid membrane causing peripapillary and peripheral traction detachment of the retina. Vitrectomy was not done because the patient required anticoagulation. A Q-switched YAG laser was capable of cutting holes in the taut membrane, but treatment 2 to 3 mm from the retina resulted in microperforation of a retinal vein and focal areas of damage to the retinal pigment epithelium. The damage to the retinal pigment epithelium was not immediately apparent, and ophthalmoscopically visible lesions were seen only when the patient was reexamined 48 hours later.

Adult↗