Biomedical subjects

L Máchová

Publications and source records attributed to L Máchová.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

[Risk factors for tumors, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the population of the Sumperk District].

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases and cancers are responsible for almost 80% of the total mortality in the Czech Republic. For their prevention, identification of risk factors becomes indispensable. Presented article analyses frequency of risk factors in the population of Sumperk district on the bases of the first and second preventive oncological check-ups. METHODS AND RESULTS: Diagnoses have been unified according to the International Classification of Diseases. For data analysis SPSS statistical software has been used. Frequency of obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia and smoking has been assessed in subjects during their first and second preventive check-ups. In the course of the first check-up 49,426 subjects have been examined, out of them 22,857 males (46.2%) and 26,569 females (53.8%). 40,386 subjects participated in the second check-up (18,378 males and 22,008 females). The assessment of the frequency of the individual risk factors has been done on the bases of the examination results. CONCLUSIONS: Total incidence of obesity was lower in males comparing to the data from the population of 6 districts of the Czech republic (MONICA). Due to the treatment of subjects, there was a mild decrease of prevalence of the systolic hypertension in the second check-up in comparison with the first one. In comparison with MONICA project, the incidence of hypertension was more than twice higher. No difference in frequency of hyperglycemia in males and females was found. In both genders, high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (about 70%) was found. Between two check-ups, decrease of hypercholesterolemia prevalence was observed. It corresponds with the existing trend in the Czech population. Decrease of smoking prevalence has been observed in the second check-up mainly in males and less in females. In comparison with MONICA project, there was a higher smoking prevalence in males and a lower one in females.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

The incidence of acute myocardial infarction in the district Olomouc in 1994--descriptive study.

Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the Czech Republic are among the highest in the world. The morbidity data, however, are not routinely registered and thus a basis for preventive program evaluation is not available. Aim of the study is to establish the incidence of acute myocardial infarction in the Olomouc district in 1994 and to compare it with the incidence of this disease in the Czech Republic. Cases of acute myocardial infarction (diagnosis 121 according to the 10th revision of ICD established by a physician) were included. Sources of data concerning the diagnosis included the registries of internal clinics, departments of internal medicine, department of forensic medicine of the Faculty of Medicine in Olomouc, and general practitioners practising in the Olomouc district. Data concerning myocardial infarction mortality were obtained from the Olomouc Regional Statistical Office. The 6th version of EPI-Info Programme was used to process the data. In 1994, 523 cases of acute myocardial infarction were diagnosed in the Olomouc district, 313 in men and 210 in women. The respective incidence per 100,000 inhabitants was 227: 286 in men and 178 in women. Acute myocardial infarction mortality per 100,000 in Olomouc district was 98.05, it is 109.57 in men and 87.26 in women. For comparison, acute myocardial infarction mortality per 100,000 in the Czech Republic at the same period was 171.4 and 117.2 for men and women, respectively. Highest incidence was observed in March and October/November, lowest occurrence was observed in July and August. The incidence decreased with increasing size of the place of residence. As to the latter, further analysis is required to formulate conclusions concerning the morbidity trends.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Distribution of microspheres in the brain of hypertensive rats.

The blood perfusion of different parts of the brain tissue was examined by means of microspheres 15 and 50 micron in diameter, in normotensive control rats and in animals with experimental renovascular hypertension. The microspheres were labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and their numbers in the tissue were determined in consecutive histological sections by UV microscopy. In the control rats, the incidence of wedged microspheres per 1 mm3 tissue was high in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, subcortical tissue and pons Varolii, but low in the thalamic and hypothalamic regions, indicating that these parts were relatively poorly perfused with blood. The significantly greater accumulation of microspheres in the cortex and subcortical tissue of hypertensive rats seems to have been due to hypertensive narrowing of the arterioles. Conversely, the diminished incidence of microspheres in the thalamus and hypothalamus may have been due partly to microsphere trapping in the narrowed upstream blood vessels and partly to thinning of the capillary network. Total microsphere recovery in the brains of the control and the hypertensive rats was almost identical, implying that only the distribution of brain blood perfusion is altered in experimental hypertension.

Animals↗

PubMed1982