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Biomedical subjects

L Manfrè

Publications and source records attributed to L Manfrè.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Introduction to the study of the Willis circle with transcranial color Doppler: methodological notes and preliminary experience].

To date, adult intracranial circulation has been studied only with pulsed-wave Doppler US, which is a useful diagnostic tool even though several technical and practical limitations are related to the difficult location of intracranial vessels. Recently, dedicated color-Doppler transducers have been proposed, which can pass through the skull which makes a physiologic barrier for the US beam: this technique has been called transcranial color-Doppler (TCD). We report on our personal experience with TCD in 30 healthy volunteers (12 men and 18 women, age range: 17-75 years) submitted to TCD for Willis circle imaging. We used an ATL Ultramark 9HDI unit with a phased array transducer (3.5 MHz) and 2 MHz Doppler frequency; the PRF was 3000 Hz, with 80% color gain. 100 Hz wall filters were used. The middle cerebral artery was always shown correctly in all subjects, while the posterior one was depicted only in 7 cases (23.3%); in contrast, the anterior cerebral artery was demonstrated in 3 cases only (10%). Nowadays, TCD is mostly applied to normal intracranial circle studies, to assess normal blood speed values more accurately. To this purpose, both the direct visualization of blood vessels and the flowmetric values obtained measuring the incidence angle are useful pieces of information. TCD permits a more accurate study of intracranial local blood flow in the Willis circle and of its changes in pathologic conditions. In contrast, TCD yield is poor in characterizing intracranial tumor tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A comparative study of the pterygopalatine fossa by computed tomography and magnetic resonance].

The pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is a narrow, bone lined space containing many major cranial nerves and vessels connecting it to the middle and infratemporal cranial fossa, the oral, nasal and orbital cavities and the rhinopharynx. The internal maxillary artery, the second branch of the V cranial nerve and the sphenopalatine ganglion are the main structures which are found in the PPF. Because of its strategic site, the PPF can be involved in many pathologic conditions originating from the nasal fossa, the orbit, the paranasal sinuses or the rhinopharynx roof. Severe craniofacial trauma can involve the pterygopalatine area too. Consequently, the detailed knowledge of PPF anatomy and the use of the current imaging modalities are necessary in the study of pterygopalatine lesions. We examined a group of 7 patients who underwent CT and MRI for diseases not involving the pterygopalatine area. CT consisted of axial and coronal contiguous 1-mm scans, with post-processing sagittal and 3D reconstructions. MRI was performed with a middle-field unit, using a head coil and high-resolution 3-mm T1- and T2-weighted spin- and fast-spin-echo scans. 3D SPGR pulse sequences were also performed. We found HRCT scans and post-processing 3D studies to be particularly indicated in bone structure analysis. SPGR, spin- and fast-spin-echo MR sequences allowed us to obtained reliable images of the main nervous and vascular structures found in the PPF. Finally, we believe combined CT and MRI to be the method of choice in the study of PPF anatomy and in the assessment of diseases involving the PPF area.

Female↗
PubMed1993

MRI and intraocular tamponade media.

Thirteen patients who underwent surgery for retinal detachment and injection of intraocular tamponade media (silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, or perfluorocarbon liquid) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), using spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted images. The ophthalmic tamponade media showed different signal intensity, according to their chemical structure. Unlike ophthalmoscopy or ultrasonography, MRI showed no oil-related artefact, making possible recognition of recurrent retinal detachment.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Orbital "blow-in" fracture: MRI.

A case of traumatic orbital encephalocele following a "blow-in" fracture is presented. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are shown. Although CT was useful for identifying the orbital roof fracture, bone fragments and soft tissue abnormalities, MRI was more sensitive to brain herniation and an intraorbital haematoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trigeminal neuralgia and cerebellopontine-angle lipoma in a child.

Trigeminal neuralgia and cerebellopontine-angle lipomas are very rare in children. We describe the history and findings of an 8-year-old boy with right trigeminal neuralgia and a lipoma detected by magnetic resonance imaging at the level of the root-entry zone of the right seventh cranial nerve. We propose a possible mechanism of infiltration of the trigeminal rootlets by the lipoma.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evoked potential study and radiological findings in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

We performed clinical, radiological (MRI) and neurophysiological (NCV, SEPs, and BAEPs) investigations in 36 unselected patients affected by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Fifteen patients (42%) presented clear neurological events and were considered as definite neuropsychiatric lupus (NPLE); 21 (58%) presented minor subjective complaints or no neurological problems referable to SLE and were considered as no-NPLE. Twenty-three patients (64%) showed neurophysiological abnormalities: 21 (58%) presented central abnormal neurophysiological measurements (including SEP and BAEP values), while 17 (47%) has slowed peripheral nerve conduction. Twenty-six out of 36 patients executed brain MRI examination. High intensity spots (HIS) in deep or subcortical white matter were the most common abnormalities and were present in 19 of the 26 patients (73%). We found that the incidence of neurophysiological and radiological abnormalities did not significantly differ in neurologically symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Central nervous system impairment evidenced by abnormal N13-20 interpeak intervals (p = 0.05) and HIS (p = 0.01) findings was significantly associated with the presence of cutaneous vasculitis; while peripheral nerve involvement was significantly more frequent in patients with renal failure (p = 0.006).

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR dacryocystography: comparison with dacryocystography and CT dacryocystography.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several techniques have been used to image the nasolacrimal system, providing functional (dacryoscintigraphy) or morphologic (dacryocystography, CT dacryocystography [CTD]) information. Using gadopentetate dimeglumine-diluted solution injected into the lacrimal canaliculus or instilled into the conjunctival sac, we compared the sensitivity of MR dacryocystography (MRD) with that of CTD. METHODS: Eleven healthy volunteers and 25 patients affected by primary epiphora (21 patients) or postsurgical recurrent epiphora (four patients) underwent MRD after the topical administration of contrast media or cannulation of the lacrimal canaliculus. The MR imaging findings were compared with irrigation and CTD data. All patients underwent surgical treatment (dacryocystorhinostomy), which served as a standard of reference for confirming the MRD findings. RESULTS: The topical administration of contrast-enhanced saline solution and the injection of contrast-enhanced saline solution after cannulation were always well tolerated. In healthy volunteers, outflow of contrast media was always revealed by MRD. Eight (32%) of 25 patients with epiphora had stenosis proximal to the lacrimal sac revealed by MRD, whereas 17 (68%) of 25 showed a dilated lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct stenosis, as confirmed by surgical findings. The findings of MRD after the topical administration of contrast medium and MRD after cannulation of the lacrimal canaliculus were comparable with irrigation or CTD data for all patients except one. CONCLUSION: In patients with epiphora, MR imaging performed after the topical administration of diluted contrast material can reveal stenosis of the lacrimal apparatus and can be added to the standard orbital imaging protocol when lacrimal system involvement is suspected.

Constriction, Pathologic↗