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Biomedical subjects

L Marsland

Publications and source records attributed to L Marsland.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Constructing career pathways in nursing: some issues for research and policy.

Nurses currently construct careers in a climate of continuing occupational and organizational change. A longitudinal project is in progress which is documenting the post-qualification histories of a cohort of registered general nurses, and studying the extent to which their careers represent occupational choice, a response to organizational constraints, or a combination of both. Three elements comprise the core of the research: questions which provide information on the cohort's career plans, charts which document their career histories and questions which explore the relationship between the two. The basis of the design is the first element, and this paper focuses on the problems encountered in designing the questions and routing structures which enabled all cohort members to describe their plans for the future. The importance of extensive pilot work is demonstrated in the development of options tailored for each potential career pathway and to allow expressions of uncertainty to emerge at points when appropriate to respondents. Of the 1164 members of the cohort, 1015 returned the questionnaire; a response rate of 87%. Findings are presented on the cohort's plans at qualification. The majority of respondents (86%) saw themselves as remaining in nursing and in clinical practice in the early post-qualification period. Eighteen per cent said they intended to practise abroad at some point, 30% foresaw a likelihood of working in the private sector, 59% wanted to take one or more English National Board courses and 42% expressed interest in obtaining an undergraduate or postgraduate degree.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

Career guidance for student nurses: an unmet need.

Career guidance is important both organizationally and for the individual, especially at a time of re-emerging concerns about retention, and increasing complexity of nursing careers due to rapidly changing systems of health care provision. A questionnaire survey of 1015 newly qualified registered general nurses explored their experiences of career guidance whilst students, in relation to three areas: . applying for first post . taking post-basic courses . longer term plans. Findings revealed that few students were provided with guidance. Furthermore, a substantial unmet need was demonstrated, especially in relation to discussions about individual career planning.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed1996

Pursuing a career in nursing: differences between men and women qualifying as registered general nurses.

Much interest currently focuses on differences in the career intentions and career pathways of men and women nurses. This study seeks to add to existing knowledge on this subject with findings from a survey of newly qualified registered general nurses. Questionnaires were sent to a cohort of 1164 nurses, 87% of whom responded. Data from the 936 women and 79 men were compared in relation to educational and employment background, routes into nursing and career intentions at qualification. Procedures for modelling of categorical data were applied to these data within the constraints of the study design. Findings showed that men were less likely than women to have entered nursing as a first choice and less likely to intend working in the community after qualification. Men were more likely than women to plan to move out of clinical practice and more likely to plan pursuing a postgraduate qualification. Other differences between men and women were suggested, but limitations of the study design mean that drawing of conclusions had to be more tentative. Consequently, further research on this subject is warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Deciding to pursue nurse education: sources of information, influence and encouragement.

Current concerns about a shortage of nurses means attention may again be focusing on recruitment strategies. This paper presents findings on aspects of the decision to take nurse training, and contributes to available information upon which recruitment strategies can be formulated. Questionnaires were sent to 1164 registered general nurses shortly after qualification; this represented the first phase of a longitudinal study of these nurses' careers. Participants were asked about the effect of the following on their decision to take nurse training: written information about nursing; discussions with staff of educational institutions; personal involvement in health care work or caring activities, and having relatives qualified in health care. Findings for the 87% who returned the questionnaire, showed that respondents were more likely to report that these events had a positive than a negative effect on their decision. Participants were also asked how encouraging educational staff, careers staff, family and friends had been about their decision to take nurse training. The implications of the findings for those responsible for nurse recruitment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Career guidance provision for student nurses: views of health authority personnel.

An investigation into career guidance in nursing is being undertaken as part of a project researching the careers of newly qualified registered general nurses. This paper focuses on an exploratory interview study of staff working in a regional health authority used for piloting. Six staff were interviewed to explore their understanding of career guidance, the guidance that they thought was available for student nurses, views about its adequacy and the rationale for its provision. Other questions explored views about how guidance could best be provided, and by whom. The paper reports on both the experience of undertaking exploratory interviews of this kind and on findings that emerged. The main methodological problem encountered was the difficulty of identifying appropriate personnel for interview. Findings revealed a lack of a common understanding of the term career guidance, lack of clarity about the responsibility for guidance, and an absence of formal policies for its provision. Despite this, however, it was thought that students did receive guidance from a variety of sources, primarily the school of nursing. A variety of ideas about the best ways of providing career guidance were postulated.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1994

Approaches to the problem of respondent attrition in a longitudinal panel study of nurses' careers.

Longitudinal panel studies have several distinct methodological and analytical advantages over cross-sectional studies for gaining an understanding of nurses' careers and developing strategies to facilitate retention. Panel studies do, however, present the researcher with a number of substantial challenges if maximum potential is to be achieved from the investment of time and resources that such studies entail. Respondent attrition at successive phases of data collection, for example, is a major problem, often with the consequence that respondents are not representative of the study group as a whole. This paper discusses reasons for choosing a longitudinal panel design for a programme of research into careers of midwives and nurses. The way in which the problem of respondent attrition has been approached in one of the projects in the programme, that focusing on the careers of registered general nurses, is then described.

Bias↗
PubMed1993

Career guidance during nurse training: findings from an exploratory study.

This research into the career guidance experiences of nurses during their training was undertaken as an exploratory study upon which a series of larger studies will subsequently be based. Additionally, it contributed to a national cohort study of the careers of newly qualified registered general nurses. One hundred and twelve nurses were involved in the development and testing of questions for a postal questionnaire to be used in the cohort study of careers. Some problems encountered when investigating career guidance by questionnaire are described, in the light of which a revised research design is proposed and the career guidance experiences of 31 nurses presented. Twenty-one aspects of guidance were investigated, covering information and advice about applying for first post, post-basic courses and longer-term plans.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1992

Eating style and eating behaviour in adolescents.

The relationship between eating style, attitudes towards food and food intake was investigated in 846 British adolescent schoolchildren. Eating style was assessed with the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, attitudes towards food with a series of specially prepared questions, and food intake with a diet history taken by a dietitian. The results showed that restraint, external and emotional eating were associated with very different profiles of attitudes and behaviour. Restrained subjects had a higher body weight, more negative attitudes towards food, a lower likelihood of overeating and a lower overall energy intake. External eaters had a lower body weight, positive attitudes to food, and reported a higher energy intake. Emotional eaters fell in between in some ways, with some signs of situational loss of control combined with a negative attitude towards overeating. While external eating appeared to be attenuated by restraint, emotional eating was enhanced by it. The implications of these eating styles for later patterns of eating and weight are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Adolescent concerns about weight and eating; a social-development perspective.

Eight hundred and forty-six children from multi-cultural schools in neighbourhoods of differing socio-economic background were interviewed concerning their attitudes to weight and eating. The results suggested that weight concern was high in the girls, with more than 50% feeling too fat and wanting to lose weight. The levels of weight concern were almost as high in the 11 year olds as in the 18 year olds, which suggests that weight concerns are beginning earlier than in the past. White girls reported more concern than black or Asian girls. Girls from higher SES background schools showed more concern than those from lower SES schools, although they were actually slimmer. Dieting was also more common in the girls and especially so in white girls and in those from the higher SES schools. However, it was not as common as has been found in North American samples. Within the field of psychological problems these results are unusual in finding evidence for less difficulty in the children from the least socially and culturally privileged backgrounds.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Child protection: the interagency approach.

The issue of child abuse is seldom out of public attention. Cases of abuse, or suspected abuse, require the knowledge and skills of a variety of health, educational and law-enforcement professionals; while this diversity allows a tremendous range of flexibility in the response which can be made, it also raises problems of interagency communications. If these problems are not solved, the repercussions can be disastrous. The author, a health visitor closely involved in child monitoring, outlines the specific areas which give greatest difficulty in communication between professionals, and describes some methods of overcoming them.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modern studies.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How new nurses manage work and family responsibilities.

The predominantly female nursing workforce means that issues such as combining work and child care responsibilities are central to people's careers and to workforce planning. A questionnaire survey of newly qualified registered general nurses provided valuable information about the circumstances, experiences and plans of 936 women. Implications for the availability of flexible working, career guidance and opportunities for professional development are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Careers guidance during nurse education: the need for a strategy.

This paper reports on an in-depth interview study involving 14 newly qualified nurses and 27 senior health service staff. The findings revealed an unmet demand for career guidance despite the presence of an untapped resource of expertise.

Career Mobility↗