Changes in the postnatal expression of calcium binding proteins in neurons of the superior colliculus after neonatal enucleation.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Martinez-Millan.
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In the method described, the head of a fixed-stage microscope and the attached micromanipulator are simultaneously displaced during focussing movements of the microscope. This design allows axial displacements of the microscope towards the cell to be injected. This arrangement makes the filling of neurons in brain slices by intracellular iontophoresis injection of Lucifer yellow considerably easier.
Retrogradely labeled neurons were found in the visual cortex and superior colliculus following D-[3H]aspartate injections in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). In these experiments labeling was also observed over the optic tract. [3H]dopamine and [3H]serotonin injections in the LGN caused weak labeling in a small number of superior colliculus neurons. Furthermore, in [3H]serotonin cases, labeled neurons were also found in the dorsal raphé nucleus. In contrast, when other amino acids or monoamines were injected, no retrograde labeling occurred in any of the afferents to the LGN. These results are largely consistent with the idea of D-[3H]aspartate being a useful marker for pathways using excitatory amino acids as neurotransmitters. The findings in [3H]dopamine and [3H]serotonin experiments indicate that these substances may induce retrograde labeling patterns, which are not related to the transmitter specificity of the pathways concerned.
Intrinsic protein phosphorylation was studied in synaptosomal membrane fragments made from cerebral cortex tissue taken from the following species: human (biopsy specimens), ox, rat, rabbit, guinea pig and mouse. Membrane fragments from all species exhibited a qualitatively similar range of protein acceptors phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity; contrary to a previous report, no evidence for cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase activity was found in the human material. With the exception of membrane fragments prepared from ox brain, all the preparations exhibited the same range of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase activity. Ox brain obtained from a slaughterhouse yielded membranes containing no Ca2+-dependent protein kinase activity, but this may have been due to unavoidable postmortem losses.
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