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Biomedical subjects

L Masler

Publications and source records attributed to L Masler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Modulatory effect of glucans on the function of murine macrophages, NK-cells and lymphocytes].

The particulate glucan (G1), soluble glucan preparations (G2 to G5, and G7) isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and glucomanan prepared from culture fluid after cultivation of Candida utilis (G6) were tested for their immunomodulatory activity in vivo and in vitro. In tests in vivo three soluble glucans (G3, G4, and G7) injected s.c. to mice in the dose of 10 mg/kg increased the cytotoxic activity of peritoneal macrophages. The influence of glucans on natural killer cells was without significance. The lymphoproliferative reaction of spleen cells to polyclonal mitogens was inhibited by all the preparations used with the exception of soluble glucan G2. The mitogenic effect of the preparations, co-stimulatory tests and direct cytotoxicity to cells of cell lines used in cytotoxicity assays were assessed in vitro. The transformation index of glucans in the study was increased according to the glucan and dose tested. Inhibition of the lymphoproliferative reaction measured by the co-stimulatory test for optimal concentration of Concanavalin A occurred in a wide range of doses for the preparations G1 to G6. The preparation G7 increased the incorporation of 3HTdR under the same conditions. The use of a suboptimal concentration of Concanavalin A revealed co-stimulatory activity of all the preparations tested. Assessment of the cytotoxic activity of peritoneal macrophages and of the activity of natural killer cells induced in vitro was complicated by the direct cytotoxicity of particulate glucan and soluble glucan G5 (carboxymethylglucan) for target cells (YAC 1, and YAC 1 and K 562 resp.).

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1990

Immunochemical and structural analysis of the cell wall mannan as the basis of the taxonomic reidentification of a yeast strain.

The immunochemical properties and structural features of D-mannans from two Candida parapsilosis strains were studied. Weak cross-reactivity of D-mannans with antisera produced to C. parapsilosis strains was observed, as well as significant differences in the mannans structures were found by means of methylation analysis, acetolysis and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. In view of the discrepancies found, new taxonomic identification of one strain was carried out. On the basis of assimilation of potassium nitrate and formation of hat-shaped spores as well as other differences found by investigation of physiological characteristics, one strain of C. parapsilosis was reidentified as Hansenula anomala. This work demonstrates that immunochemical and structural investigations of cell-wall polysaccharide components can serve as a basis for taxonomic identification of yeast strains.

Candida↗
PubMed1988

Novel structure of the cellular mannan of the pathogenic yeast Candida krusei.

On the basis of methylation analysis, 13C- and 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopic data, and the results of immunological methods, a new structure for the cell-wall alpha-D-mannan of the pathogenic yeast Candida krusei is proposed. In contrast to the alpha-D-mannans of other pathogenic yeasts of the Candida species, which have (1----6)-linked main chains and many (1----2)- and/or (1----3)-linked side chains, the C. krusei mannan is lightly branched and contains (1----2) and (1----6) linkages in the ratio 3:1.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1988

Structural studies of mannans from the cell walls of the pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans serotypes A and B and Candida parapsilosis.

A comparative study of three cell-wall mannans, of Candida albicans serotypes A and B and Candida parapsilosis, by means of methylation analysis supports a model of yeast mannans as having an alpha-(1----6)-linked backbone with some units (depending on the origin of the mannan) being substituted at O-2 with oligosaccharides joined by alpha-(1---2) and, to a lesser extent, by alpha-(1----3) glycosidic bonds. Branching points in the side chains of Candida albicans mannans were found in substantial proportions for the first time, and the corresponding branched hexasaccharides were isolated by means of acetolysis and subsequent gel filtration. 13C-N.m.r. spectroscopy of the mannans, as well as a 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopic study of the oligosaccharides obtained on acetolysis of the mannans, led to results that agreed with those of methylation analysis.

Candida↗
PubMed1986

Modulatory effect of glucans on the functional and biochemical activities of guinea-pig macrophages.

The particulate and soluble glucan preparations isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans affected various activities of guinea-pig macrophages. The stimulation of INT reduction and superoxide production were observed in the presence of all insoluble and some soluble glucans in vitro, but most of the preparations under study had an inhibitory effect on phagocytic activity. On the other hand, the stimulation of both metabolic and functional activities was obtained in vivo. Macrophages from guinea-pigs treated with glucans exerted an increased ability to reduce INT and to produce superoxide. Their candidacidal capacity was rapidly elevated, and peritoneal macrophages had raised phagocytic activity as well. A more pronounced stimulatory effect was observed in the presence of insoluble rather than soluble glucans, and this was more expressive in vitro than in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Immunodiagnosis of candida-infections. I. Sensitivity of the antigens.

Attempts were made to prepare a sensitive antigen from C. albicans suitable for detecting humoral antibodies and hypersensitivity in deep-seated candidiasis, in patients at risk of invasive candidiasis and in allergic states caused by Candida. 5343 persons suffering from systemic, bronchial, vaginal candidiasis, bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, polyarthritis nodosa, ulcus cruris, malignancy, rhinitis pollinosa, vasomotorica, and non infected miners, farmers and blood donors were investigated on the presence of antibodies and hypersensitivity against 8 different antigen preparations. The extracellular protein and mannan- protein isolated from the cultivation medium of C. albicans proved the most sensitive for specific anticandida antibodies. The mannan, especially the mannan isolated from the cell surface of C. albicans determined best for the allergy. Comparison made of commerical Candidine showed similar activity. The whole cell C. albicans antigens as well as the mixed Candida antigen reacted much weakly. Comparison made of autoantigen, C. albicans and mixed C. albicans antigen proved the highest sensitivity of the autoantigen.

Antibodies, Fungal↗