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Biomedical subjects

L Mastroianni

Publications and source records attributed to L Mastroianni.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of m-chlorophenylpiperazine on plasma homovanillic acid concentrations in healthy subjects.

In view of the abundant anatomical and functional interactions between serotonin and dopamine systems, this study examined the effect of the serotonin agonist, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) on plasma concentrations of the dopamine metabolite, homovanillic acid. Plasma prolactin levels, body temperature, and mCPP blood level were also measured. mCPP (0.35 mg/kg) and placebo were administered orally to 10 healthy men in a randomized double-blind design. Variables were measured for 210 min after administration of capsules. mCPP raised prolactin and temperature as compared to placebo, but did not affect plasma homovanillic acid concentrations. Results suggest that mCPP does not alter dopamine function.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[Flurbiprofen in oral surgery].

Odontic surgery necessitates the very frequent use of additional auxiliary therapy to improve the post-operative symptoms. In fact the injured tissues respond to such surgical operations generally with an infiltrative-type process which is manifested predominantly by pain, pyrexia, oedema and in the more serious cases with total functional incapacity. The therapy for such symptomatology usually consists of NSAID, steroidal anti-inflammatories and/or chemotherapy. The scope of this research was to verify the possibility of utilising, exclusively, a potent non steroidal antiinflammatory whilst evaluating its therapeutic effects on the pain, the pyrexia and the oedema sustained following odontic surgery. The drug under examination was flurbiprofen, a medication with powerful antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties whose mode of action, typical of this type of drug, is principally explained by its inhibition of prostaglandins biosynthesis. Moreover, flurbiprofen has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and of the migration of leucocytes. It has other pharmacological mechanisms of action but so far these remain insufficiently well explained. For the above mentioned study, 50 patients who had consented to take part were to undergo odontic surgery near to our clinic. They were subdivided into two groups, each consisting of 25 subjects, and each group was assigned an exclusive therapeutic regimen based on flurbiprofen. Patients in the first group were administered a flurbiprofen dose of 300 mg/day, by mouth, commencing on the day preceding the surgery and then on the next 7 consecutive days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Dispensability of fimbriae: ovum pickup by tubal fistulas in the rabbit.

This study was carried out to test the general belief that fimbriae should be considered almost indispensable to ovum capture. Surgical procedures, including resection of the mesotubarium superius and infundibulum tubae together with the creation of a fistula, are described. An attempt to enhance tubal patency by temporarily using estrogens is discussed. Ovum pickup was determined by flushing both tubes and the uterus 2 days following ovulation induction. The prior use of estrogens did not appear to have increased subsequent ovum pickup in control animals; on the contrary, it even seems possible that estrogens had negatively influenced pickup by the fistulas. With five fistulas, however, three recovered ova represented a pickup rate of 7% to 14% of all ova available following one human chorionic gonadotropin-induced ovulation. These figures suggest that ovum pickup by terminal ampullary fistulas is not negligible; they might indicate that absence of fimbriae offers neither good protection against pregnancy following sterilization nor a hopeless prognosis for fimbriectomy reversal when a distal patent tube is present.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Tubal occlusion.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Embryo Implantation↗
PubMed1977

Hydrogen ion and carbon dioxide content of the oviductal fluid of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

The pH in the oviduct lumen of adult female rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) during the menstrual cycle was measured by means of miniaturized pH electrodes. Two types were used: one was a flexible electrode 1.4 mm in diameter; the other was a rigid electrode 0.8 mm in diameter. The same results were obtained with both types. For PCO2 measurements, the pH electrodes was converted to a Severinghaus tyep electrode covered with a Teflon membrane. During the follicular phase, the pH remains constant in the range 7.1 to 7.3. In association with ovulation, there is a sudden increase in the pH to the range 7.5 to 7.8. The pH remains high through the luteal phase. The PCO2 values obtained showed no evident changes with day of cycle. The range of values estimated was wide because of drift in electrode calibration, with the average level about 89 Torr, compared with 40 Torr for blood. At the average pH of 7.2 in the follicular phase, this value of PCO2 corresponds to 35 mM HCO3-; at the average pH of 7.6 of the secretory phase, this value corresponds to 90 mM HCO3-. This increase in pH and HCO3- after ovulation would be expected to enhance dispersal of corona cells during fertilization and to provide a favorable environment for the developing embryo.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Oxygen tension in the oviduct of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

The oxygen tension in the oviductal fluid of adult female rhesus monkeys was measured by means of miniaturized, flexible, oxygen probes between days 5 and 22 of the menstrual cycle. In the follicular phase, the value was very low, less than 10 Torr. At the time of ovulation to about 5 to 7 days thereafter, the oxygen tension in the tube on the side of ovulation increased within approximately 2 minutes after insertion of the oxygen probe from the low level to the same value as in the blood. In the contralateral oviduct, the oxygen tension remained at less than 10 Torr. These findings suggest that, in the absence of ovulation, the blood-oxygen supply of the oviduct provides the exact oxygen requirement of oviductal tissue, with no excess oxygen available for the tubal fluid. At and shortly after ovulation, the presence of a probe stimulates, by an unknown mechanism, an increase in the oxygen tension in the oviductal fluid which provides an environment sufficiently well-oxygenated for gamete survival, fertilization, and subsequent further development of the embryo. We suggest that the ovum entering the oviduct provides a similar stimulus with a similar result by the same unknown mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Progesterone binding in rabbit oviduct and uterus.

Progesterone binding of high affinity with a dissociation constant of 10(-9) M was identified in cytosol of rabbit oviduct and uterus. Macromolecules with sedimentation coefficients of 7-8 S and 4-5 S were present. Progesterone receptor concentration was two to fivefold lower in the oviduct when compared with the uterus. The receptor concentration declined steadily from 3 hr until 144 hr after mating in the uterus; however, the decline in oviductal receptor was not significant until the sixth day of pregnancy. Progesterone receptor concentration in rabbit oviduct and uterus in estrus and early pregnancy was greater than estradiol receptor levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Factors in diminution of uteroglobin secretion in the rabbit.

Uteroglobin was measured under various hormonal conditions: pregnancy, pseudopregnancy, pseudopregnancy with exogenous progesterone, pseudopregnancy with exogenous 20alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, ovariectomy with exogenous progesterone, ovariectomy with exogenous estrogen, ovariectomy with exogenous estrogen and progesterone, and ovariectomy with either exogenous progesterone or estrogen and progesterone, plus uterine trauma. In pregnant females, uteroglobin levels diminished sharply after day 9. In pseudopregnancy, high concentrations were maintained through day 14. Although exogenous progesterone did not prevent this decrease in pseudopregnant females, re-elevation occurred in the continued presence of progesterone. A similar pattern of decline and re-elevation was found in ovariectomized females that received injections of estrogen and progesterone. With an increase in estrogen dosage, the period of uteroglobin secretion was shorter and the magnitude lower. Ovariectomized females receiving only progesterone did not manifest a clear uteroglobin diminution. Uterine trauma on day 7 of exogenous steroid administration to ovariectomized females was followed by a diminution in uteroglobin. At the dosage level used, administration of 20alpha-hydroxyprogesterone did not affect the peak uteroglobin secretion occurring on day 5 of pseudopregnancy. Ovariectomized females receiving estrogen or sesame oil vehicle had barely detectable levels of uteroglobin. A uteroglobin-estrogen complex is suggested as a possible inhibitor of uteroglobin synthesis by a feedback inhibition pathway in pseudopregnant females and in ovariectomized females treated with progesterone plus estrogen. In pregnant females, a uteroglobin-estrogen complex and/or the uterine decidual response to implantation could control uteroglobin synthesis.

20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone↗
PubMed1975

Protein composition of human uterine fluid.

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of uterine washings and the corresponding serum from 35 patients revealed the presence of at least four characteristic uterine proteins and large amounts of the serum proteins, albumin and transferrin. The appearance of these characteristic proteins was studied during specific phases of the menstrual cycle. At lease one of the four uterine proteins was observed in postovulatory samples only, with a maximum frequency of occurrence during the midsecretory phase. In contrast, one of these proteins predominated in preovulatory uterine washings while another appeared randomly throughout the menstrual cycle. Substantial variations in protein patterns were observed in patients sampled during different menstrual cycles. The presence of the major antigenic components of serum in uterine washings was confirmed; however, immunochemical demonstration of the existence of uterine-specific antigens was unsuccessful.

Animals↗