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Biomedical subjects

L Matter

Publications and source records attributed to L Matter.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Humoral immune function in pediatric patients treated with autologous bone marrow transplantation for B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The influence of ex vivo marrow decontamination with anti-Y 29/55 monoclonal antibody and complement.

Elimination of neoplastic B cell populations from autologous bone marrow grafts also removes normal B lymphocytes. This is potentially hazardous for the reconstitution of the immune system in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation followed by autologous marrow rescue. Five pediatric patients with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in first remission undergoing such a regimen were studied. They received bone marrow pretreated with anti-Y 29/55 monoclonal antibody and complement. B and T lymphocyte subpopulations reached normal levels within 6 months after autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT), and serum immunoglobulin levels became normal within 4 to 9 months. Vaccination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, trivalent poliomyelitis vaccine of the Salk type, and pneumococcal capsular antigens (38 to 54 months after transplantation) gave rise to specific antibody production. ABO isoagglutinins could be demonstrated in all patients. The response pattern was similar to that of patients who received unmanipulated autologous bone marrow. It is concluded that ex vivo anti-Y 29/55 depletion of the marrow graft does not induce relevant disturbances of humoral immune functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Chronic progressive neurological involvement in Borrelia burgdorferi infection.

Five patients with chronic meningitis were hospitalized several times for progressive neurological symptoms. The clinical manifestations included cranial neuritis, radiculoneuritis, myelitis and encephalitis. In two cases cerebral infarction occurred. The course was commonly characterized by a tendency to deteriorate. From the clinical point of view, it was repeatedly difficult to exclude multiple sclerosis or tuberculous meningitis. Finally, specific antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The diagnosis of a borreliosis was not considered initially because there was no history of tick-bite or erythema chronicum migrans, and the neurological involvement of the central nervous system seemed unusual. The latency between the first symptoms and diagnosis varied from 3 months to 5 years. After a parenteral, high-dose therapy with penicillin, there was a significant improvement in all patients. In two cases, there was evidence of intrathecally produced antibodies to myelin basic protein.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Abnormal humoral immune response to Staphylococcus aureus in patients with Staphylococcus aureus hyper IgE syndrome.

Patients with the S. aureus hyper IgE syndrome (SAHIGES) have an abnormal IgE response to cell wall and surface antigens of S. aureus. In this paper we describe the detection of IgE antibodies to soluble antigens of staphylococci (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) and qualitative abnormalities of the IgG response to soluble S. aureus antigens in patients with SAHIGES. These findings may be of pathogenetic importance and help to delineate SAHIGES from other diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical significance of antimitochondrial antibodies].

Clinical, histological and serological data of 72 patients with antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) were analyzed. 56 (78%) of the patients exhibited chronic cholestatic hepatopathy; in 30 of these primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) was diagnosed and in 26 "possible PBC". The remaining 16 patients were subsumed in an "other illness' group. A collagen or autoimmune disease was found in 8 patients of the chronic cholestatic hepatopathy group and in 3 of the "other illness" group. Histological findings were diagnostic for PBC or cirrhotic liver in 90% of the patients with clinical signs, while 64% of the symptomfree patients had unspecific histological liver alterations. In general, increasing serum IgM, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-GT and symptoms paralleled increasing AMA titers, although asymptomatic patients with high AMA titers were also seen. The prevalence of hepatopathies rose with increasing AMA titers, but otherwise no association of AMA titers and diagnosis was observed. Therefore, a positive AMA test bears out suspicion of hepatopathy, but cannot be regarded as specific for PBC when other liver signs are absent.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1985

[HLA-antigens and islet cell antibodies in type-1 diabetics of various age groups and their first-degree relatives].

140 type 1 diabetics from Basle and vicinity were HLA-typed. 89% had HLA-haplotypes DR3, DR4, or DR3/DR4. The frequency of these antigens was significantly increased compared to normal controls. The HLA antigens DR2 and DR5 were significantly diminished in diabetics. The increase in diabetes-associated HLA antigens differed within the diabetics according to the age of diabetes manifestation. Diabetes onset before age 40 was associated with increased frequency of HLA DR4 and HLA DR3/DR4. In contrast, patients with diabetes onset after age 40 exhibited an increased prevalence of HLA DR3. The combination HLA B7/DR4 was only observed when diabetes onset was below age 20. Islet cell antibodies (ICA) were determined in 124 of the 140 type 1 diabetics. ICA were found in 40% of patients who had had diabetes for less than 2 years, but in only 21% when diabetes had lasted more than 10 years. There was no association between certain HLA haplotypes and presence of ICA. HLA antigens and the presence of ICA were also investigated in 117 first-degree relatives of the type 1 diabetics. Compared to the latter, the relatives had a significantly diminished prevalence of the HLA DR3/DR4 combination. Compared to healthy controls, these relatives had a significantly increased frequency of positive ICA (in 12% compared to 2% in nondiabetic controls). These findings demonstrate that the genetic (HLA-antigens) and immunological (ICA) background of type 1 diabetes is heterogenous. A clinical feature of the genetically determined subtypes is the age of diabetes onset.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Immune response to Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis.

The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is severely colonized with Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess some basic features of the S. aureus-specific immune response in patients with AD and healthy nonatopic individuals. Some particular features were found: a selective hyporesponsiveness to purified S. aureus cell walls (PCW) in delayed skin reactivity; half of our AD patients showed serum IgE to PCW and soluble S. aureus protoplast antigens; elevated PCW-IgE did not correlate with positive immediate skin reactions to whole S. aureus and their cell walls; regional lymphadenopathy but not impetiginization was associated with increased PCW-IgE and high total IgE. It is suggested that these changes in the immune response to S. aureus are related to the chronic S. aureus colonization of the skin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The immune response to S. aureus in atopic dermatitis.

The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis is heavily colonized with S. aureus, and their immune response to S. aureus shows some particular features: (1) A selective hyporesponsiveness to purified S. aureus cell walls in delayed type hypersensitivity skin reactions. (2) The presence of IgE to cell walls and soluble antigens of S. aureus in patients with high serum IgE levels. (3) Elevated cell wall IgE do not correlate with positive immediate skin reactions to whole S. aureus and their cell walls. (4) Regional lymphadenopathy but not impetiginization is associated with high total IgE and S. aureus cell wall IgE. We suggest that these changes in the immune response to S. aureus are related to the chronic S. aureus colonization of the skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization in atopic dermatitis patients.

A study was conducted to compare the Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization of 21 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 22 healthy controls. It was found that the total aerobe count (total CFU/cm2), the S. aureus fraction thereof and the S. aureus carrier frequency were significantly higher in apparently normal skin of AD patients than in healthy individuals. In addition, compared to normal skin of patients S. aureus density was 100 to 1,000 times higher in the 3 different kinds of lesional skin (dermatitic, lichenified and impetiginized sites). 190 S. aureus strains isolated from the skin of AD patients were tested for sensitivity to 5 topically used antibiotics and the results reported. Besides the biological consequences for the person affected by AD this severe colonization with S. aureus is of epidemiological importance. Several outbreaks of S. aureus infections by dispersal from dermatitic skin have been described. Therefore some preventive and therapeutic aspects are discussed.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen-induced in vitro IgG production specific for S. aureus cell wall determinants in man.

A system has been established to produce in vitro IgG specific for cell wall determinants of S. aureus by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC of healthy individuals, of patients with S. aureus infections and of patients with other bacterial infections were cultured for 12 days. In the culture supernatants (SN) total IgG was determined by a competitive RIA, and IgG to purified cell walls (PCW) of S. aureus strain H by a two step ELISA. PBMC of 11 healthy persons produced anti-PCW IgG upon stimulation by pokeweed mitogen (PWM). This indicates the presence in some healthy persons of circulating B cells which can be induced in vitro to synthesize PCW specific IgG. PBMC of S. aureus infected patients, however, synthesized anti-PCW IgG in culture medium alone. This is the first description of spontaneous in vitro production of specific IgG during a bacterial infection and may be analogous to short phases of spontaneous specific IgG production described after immunizations and viral infections. Finally, compared to healthy individuals, an increased total IgG synthesis in vitro by PBMC obtained from patients with S. aureus and from patients with other severe bacterial infections was found. It is concluded that this polyclonal B cell activation has been initiated in vivo. Its biological significance is unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Profile of autoimmune antibodies in idiopathic hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism following radio-iodine treatment in Basedow's disease: comparison with a group of normal subjects from the female population of Switzerland].

Prevalence of thyroid microsomal antibodies (MCHA) and thyroglobulin antibodies (TGHA), as well as frequency of other autoantibodies (parietal cell antibodies [PZA], adrenal antibodies [NNA], islet cell antibodies [IZA], smooth muscle antibodies [SMA], mitochondrial antibodies [MitA] and antibodies to nuclear antigens [ANF]), are reported for three different female groups in Switzerland in 91 euthyroid controls (group A), in 58 patients with idiopathic hypothyroidism (group B) and in 55 patients with hypothyroidism after administration of radioactive iodine for Graves' disease (group C). Prevalence of MCHA in the three groups was 14.5%, 90%, and 72%, respectively, and TGHA were positive in 6.5%, 56%, and 28%, respectively. Simultaneous occurrence of both thyroid antibodies and their appearance in higher titers were significantly more frequent in group B than in the other two groups. Goitrous forms of idiopathic hypothyroidism show higher MCHA titers than the atrophic forms. There was no association between thyroid antibodies and the presence of endocrine ophthalmopathy in group C. PZA were frequently found in groups B and C (26% and 13.6%, respectively; 4.7% in controls). The higher frequency of other autoantibodies was even more pronounced for ANF (52.1% in group B, 29.7% in group C, and 12.5% in controls). NNA and SMA were also more frequent, but not to a statistically significant degree. Two patients (both in group B) had positive islet cell antibodies. MitA were equally distributed in the three groups. These results suggest a relatively high proportion of asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis in the female population of Switzerland, with possible progression to overt hypothyroidism. Determinations of PZA and NNA are mandatory in both Graves' disease and idiopathic hypothyroidism. Cases with positive PZA must be closely monitored in view of the association with autoimmune atrophic gastritis and pernicious anemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Autoantibodies↗