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Biomedical subjects

L Mintz

Publications and source records attributed to L Mintz.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cytomegalovirus and Kaposi's sarcoma in young homosexual men.

10 homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) were studied for evidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. IgG and IgM antibodies to CMV were detected in 9 out of 9 and in 7 out of 9 of these patients, respectively. CMV was recovered from body secretions or peripheral blood of 7 patients. Viral cultures of KS tumour biopsy specimens were negative in 8 out of 8 patients, but CMV RNA was detected by in-situ hybridisation in 2 out of 3 and CMV antigen(s) by immunofluorescence in 6 out of 9. Normal tissue specimens from 3 KS patients were negative for CMV antigen. These observations suggest an association of CMV with KS.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in homosexual men.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was cultured from the urine of 14 of 190 homosexual but none of 101 heterosexual men attending a venereal disease clinic (P less than 0.005). Viruria was confined to men less than 30 years of age and was present in 14% of this group. Antibody to CMV was measured in the sera of 139 homosexual and 70 heterosexual men attending the same clinic and in 103 male volunteer blood donors. Titers were found in 94% of homosexual patients but in only 54% of heterosexual patients (P less than 0.005) and 43% of male volunteer blood donors (P less than 0.005). The data suggest that sexual transmission is an important mode of spread of CMV among adults and the homosexual men are at greater risk for CMV infections than are heterosexual men. Homosexual men might considered candidates for the evaluation of the efficacy of CMV vaccines in preventing horizontal transmission of infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparative synergistic activity of cefoperazone, cefotaxime, moxalactam, and carbenicillin, combined with tobramycin, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A broth dilution checkerboard synergy assay was used to assess the activity of cefoperazone, cefotaxime, moxalactam, and carbenicillin, in combination with tobramycin, against 38 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Synergy occurred significantly more often (P less than 0.001) when tobramycin was combined with cefotaxime (63%) than when it was combined with carbenicillin (26%), cefoperazone (21%), or moxalactam (18%). Of the 25 synergistically inhibited strains, the combination cefotaxime-tobramycin was synergistic against 24 and was the only synergistic combination against 10. Of six strains initially resistant to cefotaxime, five were susceptible to this agent (minimum inhibitory concentration, less than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml) when it was combined with tobramycin. Clinical trials are needed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of cefotaxime-aminoglycoside combinations in the treatment of serious Pseudomonas infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

Rapid diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infection by direct immunofluorescence.

Laboratory results were reviewed for 47 patients who had skin lesions that had been simultaneously examined by viral culture and direct immunofluorescence for the presence of varicella-zoster virus. Immunofluorescence established the diagnosis in 24 of 28 patients (86%) strongly suspected on clinical grounds of having varicella-zoster infection. Viral culture was positive in only 10 of 28 patients (36%). Skin lesions in 19 patients who had other diagnoses were negative by both tests. Direct immunofluorescence appears to be a highly sensitive and specific technic for the rapid diagnosis of cutaneous varicella-zoster virus infections.

Chickenpox↗
PubMed1980

Relation of culture site to the recovery of nonpolio enteroviruses.

The relative utilities of rectal swab, throat swab, stool, and cerebrospinal fluid cultures for the recovery of nonpolio enteroviruses were retrospectively evaluated for 81 patients who had one or more positive cultures. Of 33 stool cultures submitted, 32 (97%) were positive; of 52 throat swabs submitted, 35 (67%) were positive; of 29 rectal swabs, 20 (69%) were positive. Of 16 patients for whom both sites were simultaneously sampled, stool cultures were positive for 15, but throat cultures were positive for only six. Seven other patients who had positive throat cultures had simultaneous rectal swab cultures that were negative. For patients who had aseptic meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid was positive in only nine of 21 cultures, whereas stool was positive in all of 12 cultures. Stool should be cultured for all patients suspected of having nonpolio enterovirus infections; rectal swabs are inadequate substitutes for stool cultures.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Age-dependent resistance of human alveolar macrophages to herpes simplex virus.

Studies in mice demonstrate an age-dependent susceptibility to disseminated herpesvirus infection which is mediated. at least in part, by a defect in macrophage antiviral function. We examined the growth of herpes simplex virus within human alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchopulmonary lavage from neonates, adults with a variety of immunosuppressive disorders, and healthy adult volunteers. At 24 h postinfection, mean viral titers in neonatal macrophages increased 19-fold over adsorbed virus levels, a highly significant increase when compared to either immunosuppressed or normal adult macrophages (P less than 0.0005). These findings indicate that human macrophages, like those of mice, exhibit age-dependent permissiveness for the replication of herpes simplex virus. This permissiveness may at least partially account for the clinical observation that human newborns are highly susceptible to disseminated herpes simplex virus infections, whereas adults are not.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Anticomplement immunofluorescence test that uses isolated fibroblast nuclei for detection of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus.

Cytomegalovirus antibodies were measured in human sera by a nuclear anticomplement immunofluorescence test that used as antigen the isolated nucleic of virus-infected fibroblasts cells lysed in distilled water. The method exhibited less nonspecific fluorescence than either a conventional whole-cell anticomplement immunofluorescence test or an indirect fluorescent antibody test applied to the same isolated nuclear substrate. The assay detected 97.5% of 40 antibody-positive sera, compared with 92.5 and 90% detection rates by indirect hemagglutination and complement fixation, respectively. In addition, antibody titers obtained by this technique were significantly higher than those obtained by either indirect hemagglutination (P < 0.02) or complement fixation with a glycine-extract antigen (P < 0.001).

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Growth of herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus in cultured human alveolar macrophages.

In laboratory animals, macrophages play a central role in controlling certain viral infections. Because the adult human lung is more susceptible to infection with cytomegalovirus than herpes simplex virus, we compared the replication of these two viruses in vitro in human alveolar macrophages. The growth of herpes simplex virus in alveolar macrophages was extremely limited, peak titers being only 1.8-fold greater than adsorbed virus titers. Cytomegalovirus, on the other hand, replicated in normal adult alveolar macrophages to the same extent as in permissive tissue culture cell. These data suggest that the human alveolar macrophage may play a central role in the control of lung infection with herpes simplex virus.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1979

Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections in an intensive care nursery: rapid diagnosis by direct immunofluorescence.

A nosocomial outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infections involved 8 of 17 infants in an Intensive Care Nursery and one additional infant in the adjoining Newborn Nursery. Immunofluorescent staining of nasopharyngeal specimens was positive in six of seven virologically confirmed cases (86%). One additional case with negative viral cultures was also identified by this technique. Viral isolation in tissue cultures required an average of 4.9 days, whereas results of immunofluorescent studies were available in two to four hours. Rapid identification of infected infants by immunofluorescence permitted prompt institution of infection control measures.

Cross Infection↗