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Biomedical subjects

L Miron

Publications and source records attributed to L Miron.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Preferential lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity of syngeneic target cells in chickens bearing tumors induced by avian sarcoma virus.

Splenic lymphocytes from chickens bearing tumors induced by avian sarcoma virus are able to cause the specific killing of cultured avian sarcoma cells. This cytotoxicity appears to follow classical patterns of syngeneic restriction. Little or no specific killing of tumor targets occurred when spleen cells from one inbred line of chickens were tested against allogeneic targets, although syngeneic killing proceeded relatively efficiently. Other patterns of immune reactivity did not appear to be syngeneically restricted. Namely, sera from tumor-bearing hosts were equally reactive in indirect immunofluorescence assays with syngeneic and allogeneic target cells. And, peripheral blood lymphocytes from sensitized hosts could be stimulated equally well by tumor cell culture fluids of allogeneic or syngeneic origin.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increasing physician referrals.

The topic of enhancing physician referrals is not a new one. Studies on the subject date back to 1957. Today, there is an increased concern with methods to assure the viability of group practices and related or affiliated hospitals. Physician referral enhancement is one of a number of viable options that could help to assure a group practice's survival for the future and deserves renewed attention. Specifically, one should enhance physician communication.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prognostic factors for survival in advanced forms of non-small-cell lung cancer].

UNLABELLED: This study attempted to determinate the prognostic value for survival of various clinical, biological and therapeutical prognostic factors in patients with non-resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHOD: We performed a retrospective study on 236 patients with histologically proved unresectable NSCLC. We collected 36 variable and analysed them by univariate and multivariate methods in order to establish their influence on survival. RESULTS: The global estimated median survival time was 10 month. In univariate analysis were significantly related to survival: age (> 60 years), weight loss (> 5%), local extend of of disease, Karnofsky performance index (< 70%), stage of disease (stage IIIA vs. IIIB, IV), hemoglobinemia (< 10 g%), calcemia, platelet count, radiotherapy total dose (< 50 Gy), Cisplatin chemotherapy. In a Cox regression model, the explanatory variables were: age > 60 years, Karnofsy performance index 70%, stage IIIB and IV, thoracic total radiotherapy dose < 50 Gy. These results led to a classification of the patients into three subgroups (prognostic index). CONCLUSION: We confirm by our analysis the role of independent factors for survival and we obtained three prognostic groups, the best one needs a radio-chemotherapy association.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cigarette smoking and lung cancer-elucidating an enigma].

The complexity of tobacco smoke leads to some confusion about mechanisms by with is caused lung cancer. Tobacco smoke contains many carcinogens, but 20 of them are deeply involved in causing lung cancer induction. Of these, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tobacco specific nitrosamine are likely to play a major role. This review include a discussion of the mechanisms of interaction between DNA and tobacco smoke carcinogens and the relationships with mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. By focusing in this review on several important carcinogens in tobacco smoke, the complexities in understanding tobacco-induced cancer can be reduced, and new approaches for lung cancer prevention can be envisioned.

Health Education↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Renal cancer :therapeutical dilemma].

Renal cell carcinoma constitutes 3% of all adult malignancies. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of management for localised renal cell carcinoma. No effective postsurgical adjuvant therapy has been established for patients with locally advanced disease who are a high risk for recurrence. The effective treatment of metastatic kidney cancer remains a challenge. Despite extensive investigations with different treatment modalities, metastatic renal cell carcinoma remains high resistant to systemic therapy. Combination chemotherapy alone or in combination with cytokine, is a very little use. Small numbers of patients' exhibits complete or partial responses to interferon and/or interleukin-2, but most patients do not respond and few survive over the long term. New immunologic approaches to the treatment of both advanced and high-risk postsurgical disease are focusing on novel vaccine therapies to target both renal epithelial and vascular antigens.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Liver metastases with unknown primary site].

Patients with unknown primary site cancer represents 5% to 10% of all neoplasia patients. Liver is a favourite site for gastrointestinal tumors, but not only. The adenocarcinomas represents 60% of patients from this group. A detailed physical examination, extensive laboratory and imaging procedures are necessary to locate the primary tumor. However, liver biopsy could be essential for histological diagnosis and important to identify the tumors who may benefit from specific and effective therapy (breast cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer and small-cell carcinoma of the lung). Systemic chemotherapy represents the most frequently treatment, but only patients with good performance status and without co-morbidities may benefit. "Best supporting care" may be the optimal treatment for most patients, majority with poor performance status at the time of diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Systemic treatment of colorectal cancers--factual standards and perspectives].

Adjuvant therapy has been shown to reduce recurrence and improve survival in patients with stage III colo-rectal cancer (CRC). However, the use of adjuvant therapy is still much debated in stage II disease. Fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) are currently the standard adjuvant drug combination. The treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cance has changed dramatically over the years. The more optimal use of 5-FU in association with FA, the new drugs such as irinotecan and oxaliplatin, and the oral fluoropyrimidines capecitabine and uracil/tegafur(UFT) have contributed to the increased therapeutic option and to improved outcome of patients with metastatic CRC. It has been shown that combination therapy with 5-FU/FA and irinotecan or oxaliplatin is more active than 5-FU/FA in the first line of advanced CRC. The oral fluoropyrimidines capecitabine and UFT/FA seem to have a comparable activity to intravenous bolus 5-FU/FA in the first line treatment of metastatic CRC. New agents acting on novel targets are under development. Epidermal growth factors inhibitors, vascular endothelial growth inhibitors, and cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors might play a role in the future in the treatment of CRC.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The correlation between the clinical stage and multimodal treatment in breast cancer expressed in the 5-year survival rate].

The survival rate in 143 patients with breast cancer followed up for 60 months has been evaluated by the regression Cox method and life table method, a number of representative variables for tumor and/or host being taken into account. The Cox model coefficients pointed out the following factors to positively influence the survival: age, premenopausal status, surgery, radiotherapy and complete chemotherapy (6-12 cycles). Negative and highly negative values recorded within variables: tumor over 5 cm, the presence of metastases, Karnofsky index less than 80 and the postmenopausal status generally correlated with the disease in advanced clinical stages. An apparently better survival in patients who underwent radiotherapy as compared to those who underwent an associated radiochemotherapy could be the result of the preferential associated treatment in advanced stages. The optimal intensity of chemotherapy positively influences the survival, except in late stages, suggesting the necessity of chemotherapy in initial stages.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The current therapeutic strategy in testicular cancer].

In many countries the testicular cancer is the most frequent tumour in males aged between 15 and 35 years. Overall cure rates for patients with disseminated testicular cancer exceed 80%, and patients with local or local/regional disease are cured nearly 100%. For clinical purpose, germ cell tumours of the testis (GCT) are classified as seminomas (TS) or non-seminomas (TNS). Radical inguinal orchiectomy without scrotal violation has to be performed always. The treatment differs according to the disease state. In metastatic disease (stage II-III), according to the prognosis, patients are classified in good-risk and poor-risk groups. Chemotherapy is very active in testicular tumours and it is curative in advanced stage seminoma, good-risk metastatic non-seminomatous GCT as well as in the stage II disease. Etoposide, Bleomycin and Cisplatin based combination chemotherapy (BEP) and surgical removal of residual disease is now the standard treatment of metastatic germ cell tumors. Standard treatment, including three cycles of BEP for good-risk and four cycles of BEP for poor-risk patients, allows 95% and 65% respectively cure rate in these groups. However, about 10% of the patients achieving complete remission after first line chemotherapy eventually relapse. In refractory patients, high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation induces a potentially long-term nonevolutive disease rate. This appears to be the maximum effect that can be achieved. The scrupulous practice of the standard is the guarantee for sustained high cure rates.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The hormonal and chemotherapy of prostatic cancer].

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is one of the most common malignant tumors in adult males. Hormonal therapy is the treatment of choice for patients with systemic disease concerning 80% response rate. Androgen ablation is now the first hormonal manipulation and can be achieved either by means of bilateral orchiectomy or of LH-HR agonist therapy: both are equally effective. Total androgen blockage (association between orchiectomy or LH-RH agonist and non-steroidal anti-androgens) would be reserved for controlled clinical trials only. Estrogens had the same efficacy, but revealed the serious cardio-vascular events. Endocrine therapy does not prolong survival but provides good palliation. Palliation should be given when there is something to palliate. Prostate cancer is usually not recognized as being sensitive to cytotoxic agents. Single agent or combination chemotherapy has not been shown to have a role as first line treatment of disseminated disease and is usually used for hormone refractory disseminated disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗