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Biomedical subjects

L Misery

Publications and source records attributed to L Misery.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Merkel cell and neuro-cutaneous system].

The Merkel cell is an epidermal neuroendocrine cell that can be identified by electron microscopy based on its neurosecretory granules or by immunolabeling based on its pattern of cytokeratin expression. Its origin is controversial but may be epidermal rather than neural. Although its functions have not been completely elucidated, there is strong evidence that it produces neuromediators, is involved in the perception of mechanical stimuli, exerts trophic and attractant effects on nerves, stimulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and plays a role in the spatial organization of the epidermis and epidermal appendages.

Carcinoma, Merkel Cell↗
PubMed1996

[Substance P and human skin].

Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide that is a neurotransmitter and a neuromodulator in the central and peripheral nervous system. SP is known to have regulatory effects on nervous or non nervous cells, including immune cells. SP is involved in the physiopathology of local inflammation, including inflammatory dermatoses. The purpose of this review is to relate the localization of SP and its receptors to illustrate the immunomodulatory functions of SP through its effects on various immune cells and to focus on the localization of SP in human skin and on its effects on cutaneous cells. The probable implication of SP in inflammatory dermatoses will be discussed.

Dermatitis↗
PubMed1996

[Neuro-immuno-cutaneous system (NICS)].

The concept of neuro-immuno-cutaneous system (NICS) means narrow interrelations between nervous system, immunity and skin. Indeed, there are numerous cellular contacts between nerve fibers, cutaneous cells and immune cells; cutaneous cells can synthesize neuromediators and they express receptors to these molecules; neuromediators are able to modulate functions of cutaneous and/or immune cells. Using confocal or electron microscopy, connexions between nerve fibers and cutaneous cells have been observed. In the skin, nerve fibers may secrete neuromediators: substance P, vaso-active intestinal peptide (VIP), somatostatin, calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP), gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), neuropeptide Y, peptide histidine-isoleucine (PHI), neurotensin, neurokinins A et B, bradykinin, acetylcholine, catecholamines, endorphins and enkephalins. Neurohormones such as prolactin, melano-stimulating hormone (MSH) or adreno-corticotrophic hormone (ACTH) are also expressed in the skin. Neuromediators and neurohormones are also secreted by cutaneous cells and these cells express receptors. Functions of epidermal or dermal cells are modulated by these substances. Immune cells transiently present in the skin (macrophages, lymphocytes...) are modulated by neuromediators through receptors. In the course of skin diseases, especially inflammatory diseases, the NICS is destabilized. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are good examples. This phenomenon might be due to inflammation but is also responsible for induction and maintenance of the inflammation.

Dermatitis↗
PubMed1996

[Waldman's disease. Primary intestinal lymphangiectasis].

INTRODUCTION: Primary intestinal lymphangiectasias are often associated with lymphoedema. OBSERVATION: The diagnosis was performed at 4 months when Maxime presented with lymphoedema, diarrhea, hypoprotidemia and hypolipemia. Duodenum biopsies revealed intestinal lymphangiectasias. An hyperprotidic and low fat diet, medium chain triglyceride-supplemented and an elastic contention allowed a decline of the oedemas. DISCUSSION: We report one case of Waldman's disease. It shows very well the typical circumstances of diagnosis in this disease and the two types of oedema (lymphoedema and hypoprotidic oedema).

Dietary Proteins↗
PubMed1996

[Malignant syphilis in human immunodeficiency virus infection].

INTRODUCTION: The associated infection with Treponema pallidum and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was responsible for the return of malignant syphilis. CASE REPORT: We report a case of malignant syphilis which revealed a HIV seropositivity. The lesions were typical. Serological features were in accordance with the diagnosis. A treatment with penicillin was prescribed and there was no relapse after five years. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of malignant syphilis in a HIV positive patient may be difficult. The course of the disease may be serious and a prolonged treatment with high doses of penicillin is often necessary. The occurrence of the malignant syphilis in HIV positive patients is not fortuitous and seems to be related to an abnormal immunity.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

[Interactions of neuromediators and neurohormones on dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages (out of the central nervous system)].

Immune cells are modulated by neurotransmitters and hormones. Apart Langerhans cells, studies about dendritic cells and these peptides are very rare. But their effects on monocytes or macrophages are known. Substance P, VIP, CGRP, prolactin, ACTH are among the most important. These effects are supported by an anatomical reality: connexions between nerve and immune cells. Immune cells are capable to product neuromediators and hormones. Neuroimmunology is probably the next great subject of research about dendritic cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Disseminated superficial porokeratosis in a patient with AIDS.

We report the case of a 50-year-old male homosexual suffering from AIDS, who developed diffuse annular hyperkeratotic lesions on the arms and legs. Histopathological examination revealed typical features of porokeratosis, which clinically was of the disseminated superficial type. Ultrastructural examination showed a paucity of keratohyalin granules and lamellar bodies. Immunohistochemical studies showed an almost complete absence of Langerhans cells in lesional epidermis. Involucrin and filaggrin expression were altered in areas of cornoid lamella formation, whereas basal keratinocytes in these areas expressed PCNA/cyclin and, to a lesser degree, p53 protein. Porokeratosis may affect immunocompetent patients, but has also been reported in the setting of immunosuppression following organ transplantation. As far as we are aware, the development of porokeratosis during the course of HIV infection has not been reported previously.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Factor XIIIa expression in juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Dermal dendrocytes constitute the largest population among cells of dermatofibromas. In other histiocytic tumours, the exact nature of histiocytic cells is not known. We have searched for the presence of dermal dendrocytes in juvenile xanthogranulomas. The immunohistochemical study was performed on 9 juvenile xanthogranulomas. We used monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies: anti-XIIIa, HAM56, anti-S100, anti-NSE, anti-HLA-DR, anti-CD68 and anti-lysozyme. Phagocytic mononuclear cells (histiocytes, giant cells, Touton cells) did not express Langerhans' cell markers (S100, NSE ou HLA-DR). They weakly expressed markers of macrophages (CD68, lysozyme). There was a very strong binding by HAM56 and anti-XIIIa. This expression was more evident on xanthomatous and newly appeared tumours than on fibrous tumours. The largest population of juvenile xanthogranuloma cells appeared to be constituted by dermal dendrocytes. These cells are perhaps the key-cells of a continuum of benign tumours, from juvenile xanthogranuloma to dermatofibroma, with different stages corresponding to different proportions of dendrocytes, lymphocytes and fibroblasts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Merkel cell].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Carcinoma, Merkel Cell↗
PubMed1994

[Pemphigoid in children].

INTRODUCTION: Bullous pemphigoid is rare during the childhood. The authors report the 51st case. CASE REPORT: Jeremie, a seven-month-old baby, had atypical bullous lesions. Histological examination, direct and indirect immunofluorescence were in favor of bullous pemphigoid. COMMENTS: Clinical and biological features of bullous pemphigoid are similar in the adult and in the infant. First treatment is represented by corticosteroids. Evolution is generally very good.

Facial Dermatoses↗