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Biomedical subjects

L Moatti

Publications and source records attributed to L Moatti.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Cochlear implants in children].

The development of surgically implantable hearing aids that are placed directly in the cochlea where they send electrical impulses to the cochlear nerve is a major break-through for patients whose hearing loss is so severe as to make conventional electroacoustic hearing aids ineffectual. Initially used only in adults, this method has gradually been extended to pediatric patients. To benefit from a cochlear implant, the patient must fulfill a number of criteria which are specified in this article. Following preoperative investigations, the decision is taken during a meeting of all the care providers involved, i.e., the surgeon, ENT phoniatrist or audiophonologist, hearing aid specialist, special education provider, speech therapist, psychologist, and other members of the health care staff. Team work is thus essential both before and after the procedure. The implant selected can be intracochlear or extracochlear and single-channel (one electrode) or multi-channel (several electrodes). Each team selects the implantation technique and type of implant they use according to their preferences and specific criteria. The authors use a multi-channel intracochlear system except in the rare instances where complete ossification of the cochlea requires use of an intracochlear mono-channel system. They have inserted implants in 29 patients to date. The cochlear implant has unquestionably had a significant impact of the life of these patients.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Congenital sensorineural deafness and associated syndromes].

The etiology of perceptive deafness, especially the congenital variety, requires investigation. The presence of a variety of signs associated with deafness constitutes an "associated syndrome" and helps to define a possible genetic origin. These syndromes only represent a small percentage of overall causes of deafness in children, since at most they account for only 10% of cases. Certain syndromes are encountered more often or are well known, others are extremely rare or have only been described recently. The authors report six of these very rare syndromes discovered among their patients: a KID syndrome, a Leopard syndrome, a Norrie syndrome, a Jervell and Lange Nielsen syndrome, a recently described entity called CEE with deafness and an External Neuro-Cochleo-Pancreatic syndrome which would not appear to have been previously described.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

[Development of tone curves in sensorineural deafness in children].

The authors reviews 239 cases of child sensorineural deafness (478 ears studied both separately and in correlation with the controlateral ear) to try and identify the evolutionary trend of the tone curves throughout the follow-up period, which spanned nearly 20 years in some cases. The difficulties encountered in this study were due to several factors, namely the problem involving very accurate assessment in very young children, the high incidence of tubotympanal disease in the very young, the hard to obtain definition and quantitative evaluation of the notion of progressiveness, as well as the need to analyze the evolutionary patterns in global terms (mean hearing loss), from one frequency to the next and from one ear to the other, since such tone loss patterns are not always symmetric. The authors state their opinion derived from a large number of cases regarding a situation, which characterizes a relatively frequent (over 25% of cases) aggravation of perceptive hearing loss in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The dilated vestibular aqueduct syndrome].

The authors analyse the clinical, radiological and audiometric findings in a population of 89 ears of 49 patients. There was no correlation between bone malformation and auditory deficit which was often profound. This anomaly occurs during the 7th week of embryogenesis and represents one facet of the dysplasia of Mondini.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Studies on an isolated West Indies population. III. Epidemiologic study of sensorineural hearing loss.

An epidemiologic study of hearing loss was undertaken on a small Caribbean island and revealed a high frequency of abnormal audiograms among the population of French origin. Since there is no clear-cut discrimination between hypoacusis and normal hearing, but rather a continuous spectrum, the degree of hearing loss was quantified by an audiometric index, using the results of audiograms performed on 70% of the inhabitants. No environmental factors could be identified, although the effect of such factors is highly suggested by several observations of deafness aggravated by, or appearing after, a small dose of ototoxic antibiotics, and also by a strong residual age effect after correction for physiological presbyacusis. Hearing loss was found to be sparsed all over the island. Familial aggregation was noticed for several severe cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Comparative analysis of electrophsiologic audiometric methods (A-EEG and ECoG)].

The authors consider technical problems, problems of interpretation and significance of responses posed by electrophysiological audiometric methods (electro-encephalographic audiometry and electro-cochleography) from their personal experience involving several hundred investigations. They have attempted to assess the respective diagnostic importance of these two method while stressing the fact that they are, in fact, complementary.

Acoustic Stimulation↗