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Biomedical subjects

L Monjour

Publications and source records attributed to L Monjour.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Immunization of dogs with a Leishmania infantum-derived vaccine.

A partially-purified extract of Leishmania infantum has been administered to healthy dogs. Post-immunization sera were found to neutralize the infectivity of L. infantum and to abate the development of L. major. Muramyl dipeptide and one of its derivates, murabutide, were the best adjuvants.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

Vaccine-induced immunity against cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice.

Partially purified antigens, derived from Leishmania infantum or L. major promastigotes and isolated under reducing conditions, were used to immunize BALB/c mice. Three subcutaneous injections of the 64- to 97-kilodalton preparation in conjunction with muramyl dipeptide conferred long-lasting immunity against L. mexicana subsp. mexicana and L. major infection; they led to the development of antibodies neutralizing the infectiousness of promastigotes, induced specific delayed-hypersensitivity reactions, and generated populations of peritoneal macrophages capable of killing amastigotes. Vaccination resulted in no harmful effects, since these antigen neither exacerbated preexisting Leishmania infection nor impeded the formation of antibodies to other antigens administered concomitantly.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Humoral immunity, 5 years after anti-tetanus vaccination, in a group of malaria-infected and malnourished African children].

In 1978 a campaign of vaccination against tetanus was conducted in a savannah biotope of Burkina Faso (Garango). The effects of 1 or 2 tetanus toxoid injections and of concomitant malnutrition and malaria infection were assessed by measurements of specific antibody and cell-mediated responses. None of these 2 variables did interfere with the development of anti-tetanus immunity. In 1983, 5 years later, similar results were obtained, giving evidence that in spite of malnutrition and malaria, factors known for their immunosuppressive action, a good degree of specific protection was acquired. This local survey revealed also that multiple schemes of vaccination, 1 to 5 injections of vaccine over 5 years, had been performed by unidentified operators. The issues raised by such incongrous, costly and possibly detrimental practices are discussed within the frame of national vaccination policies.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1987

[Needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis].

The classic diagnostic procedure for cutaneous leishmaniasis is based on the examination of Giemsa-stained smears made from the fluid obtained by scraping the edges of the lesion with a lancet, or prepared with small plugs of superficial tissues. In this report, we compare the results given by this standard method with those obtained by the examination of needle aspirates. Aspirates are secured by injecting a few millimetres outside the external border of the lesion 0.3 to 0.5 ml of saline through a thin needle, rubbing the injured skin, and thereafter pulling back slowly the plunger. Amastigotes were found in all smears from needle aspirates, and in only 11 out 15 obtained by scraping. Aspirates were also more suitable for cultures of parasites.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Application of an in vivo culture system for rapid demonstration of anti-Leishmania activity of monoclonal antibodies.

In mice, infection with Leishmania by the subcutaneous route becomes evident after about 2 months. This delay impedes the selection of monoclonal antibodies able to interfere with the infectiousness of the parasite. Using an in vivo culture system--intraperitoneal injection of TG 180 sarcoma cells along with promastigotes or amastigotes--it was possible to define within 15 to 20 days a monoclonal antibody preventing the development of Leishmania. Pretreatment of promastigotes and amastigotes of several Leishmania species with a monoclonal antibody raised against Leishmania infantum prevented infection equally in either system. These cross-reactions may be of importance in designing new approaches of immunotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Therapeutic trials of experimental murine malaria with the quassinoid, glaucarubinone].

Prevention and treatment of malaria are endangered by the appearance of chemoresistance against the common anti-malarial drugs by Plasmodium falciparum. Today, only a quinoline derivative, mefloquine, is a safe and effective agent against P. falciparum. An in vitro antiplasmodial activity having been found for the quassinoid glaucarubinone we tested its in vivo therapeutic action on mice infected with a P. berghei strain. At low doses, glaucarubinone retarded mortality by exerting a partial, temporary, inhibition of parasitaemia; its toxicity, however, precludes, further applications at the present time.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Features of mimicry in Plasmodium falciparum].

In this study, we aim to show, by comparing the amino-acid sequences of several antigens of Plasmodium falciparum with those of some proteins manufactured by the host immune system, that the parasite appears to have a remarkable capacity for mimicry. This would help greatly to reduce the efficiency of the immune response during its asexual cycle. Indeed, the major sporozoite surface protein (CSP) has amino-acid sequences in common with interleukin 1; homologies between Pf 11, expressed at the trophozoite stage, and thymosin alpha 1 may be found. Lastly, RESA present at the schizont stage and protein S liberated when the parasitized erythrocyte is lysed, have sequences in common, respectively with thymosin alpha 1 and thymulin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Inhibition in vivo of both infective Leishmania major and L. mexicana amazonensis mediated by a single monoclonal antibody.

Monoclonal antibodies raised against a strain of Leishmania infantum isolated in Greece were produced and tested for their protective effect in an in vivo system (in BALB/C mice). A single monoclonal antibody, IgG2b isotype, can prevent the development of two Leishmania strains in vivo: one of L. major and one of L. mexicana amazonensis. This antibody-mediated protection may be dependent on complement.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Culture systems for production of promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania. Application to serological diagnosis and therapeutic trials].

Several species of leishmania and three methods of cultivation: monophasic, biphasic and co-cultivation were used in a compared study bearing on the intensive production of leishmania. In addition by applying, a new in vivo model, comprising an injection of sarcomatous cells and promastigotes into BALB/c mice and also an extraction on a discontinuous gradient (Radioselectan 60%), it was possible to obtain highly purified isolates of amastigote forms. The use of two antigens: promastigotes and amastigotes, is to be recommended for the serological diagnosis, by indirect immunofluorescence, of kala-azar. The new in vivo model merits further consideration for research concerning new molecules active against leishmania.

Animals↗