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Biomedical subjects

L N Daae

Publications and source records attributed to L N Daae.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Measurement of troponin I levels in suspected myocardial infarction].

Serum cardiac troponin I-values were compared to conventionally obtained diagnosis in 319 consecutive patients suspected of having myocardial infarction, of which 46 patients were given this diagnosis. All patients with troponin I > 20 micrograms/l (n = 40) also had abnormal creatine kinase and abnormal creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity. All patients with troponin I values in the range 1.0-19.9 micrograms/l (n = 50) had a diagnosis of heart disease (myocardial angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrythmia, heart insufficiency). In this patient group, the creatine kinase measurements showed pathological values in only 12 cases. Troponin I seems to be a sensitive indicator of cardiac cell injury, and measurements of troponin I seems to be useful in ruling out cardiac injury.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1998

[Routine determination of both hemoglobin and hematocrit is not necessary].

It is a well known fact that the haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit vary in proportion to one another in most clinical situations. Therefore routine, simultaneous measurement should not be necessary. In 400 consecutive patients' blood samples, a strong correlation between the two variables is demonstrated. Routine, simultaneous measurement of the haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit increases the workload and should be avoided.

Cost Savings↗
PubMed1998

Malignant epithelial tumours in the upper digestive tract: a dietary and socio-medical case-control and survival study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to elucidate the influence of social, dietary and environmental factors on the incidence of malignant epithelial tumours in the upper digestive tract and on the prognosis of patients with these cancers. DESIGN: A population-based case-control study was carried out, and the patients in the study were included in a survival analysis. SETTING: The study was carried out at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. SUBJECTS: In the case-control study, 84 patients and 89 controls were included. Only the patients were included in the survival analysis. RESULTS: Smoking showed the highest odds ratio (OR) for morbidity (OR = 29). The patients had in general a lower social status, and a higher alcohol intake (OR = 6.6). For both beta-carotene and vitamin C, the ORs decreased with increasing intake (OR = 0.2 and 0.3, respectively). Increased ORs were associated with low values for haemoglobin, iron, TIBC, folic acid, magnesium and especially for albumin (OR = 14), and with high values for ferritin, vitamin B12 and thiocyanate (a marker for smoking). Stage of the disease was an important prognostic factor. The relative risk (RR) of dying for disseminated vs localised tumours being 3.2. A poorer prognosis was linked to higher age, to smoking vs no smoking (RR = 2.3), and to lower levels of haemoglobin, albumin, magnesium and thiocyanate. CONCLUSIONS: Strong beer, liquor, consumption of milk and table fat, low social status and smoking seemed to have a negative impact on both disease and survival. Fruit and vegetables might, however, reduce the risk. Whereas low serum albumin, iron and magnesium indicated a high OR for cancer, vitamin C and beta-carotene had the opposite implication. No significant implications on survival could be detected in blood chemistry beyond the stage of disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A 5-year comparison of doxazosin and atenolol in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension: effects on blood pressure, serum lipids, and coronary heart disease risk.

The long-term efficacy and safety of once-daily treatment with doxazosin or atenolol were compared in a 5-year study in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. The study consisted of a 1-year, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group phase, followed by a 4-year, open-label extension phase. Of the 228 patients enrolled, 100 patients (54/111 doxazosin and 46/117 atenolol) completed the 5-year study. Both treatments were similarly efficacious in controlling blood pressure. As assessed by the Framingham risk equation, which incorporates lipid parameter values, patients receiving doxazosin had significantly less chance of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) within 10 years compared with those patients receiving atenolol (p < 0.05). Doxazosin significantly (p=0.0005) reduced the mean CHD risk from baseline to final visit by 12.3%; whereas, atenolol produced essentially no change in mean risk (0.2% increase). In patients receiving doxazosin, statistically significant (p < 0.05) increases from baseline were observed in serum concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the HDL/total cholesterol ratio during the first 2 and 3 years of treatment, respectively. In contrast, significant (p < 0.05) percent reductions from baseline in both these lipid parameters were seen in atenolol-treated patients during most of the 5-year trial. Between-group differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01) at all time points. Decreases in total cholesterol were similar between the two treatment groups. Triglycerides, however, significantly increased with atenolol treatment (p < 0.0001 vs baseline) while remaining essentially unchanged with doxazosin treatment. The safety profiles of doxazosin and atenolol were comparable. Thus, while demonstrating similar antihypertensive efficacy and safety during this 5-year study, once-daily treatment with doxazosin produced a significantly greater beneficial effect on both 10-year CHD risk and serum lipid parameters compared with atenolol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Serum proteins in patients with recently discovered cancer in the oral cavity/throat. What experiences were gained by measurements of concentration and electrophoresis?].

84 patients with cancer of the upper digestive tract and 89 matched controls were examined. Lower than normal albumin concentrations were observed with an odds ratio for disease of 14 (95% confidence interval 4.5-46). Among the patients, low concentrations of serum total protein and albumin were also associated with a higher risk of dying. An essential finding was an electrophoretic serum pattern of "active process" without the production of gammaglobulins occurring in about half of the patients. This observation, when lasting for several months, seems to indicate a possible malignancy. However, one fifth of the patients had normal electrophoresis. On the other hand, 15% of the controls also had an "active process" pattern-with or without the production of immunoglobulins. With regard to the participants' patient-versus-control status, the electrophoretic serum protein pattern was of greater predictive importance than information concerning high or low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Measurements of serum activity of creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB in suspected myocardial infarction. Experiences from a hospital material].

Total creatine kinase and the creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activities were measured simultaneously in 767 serum samples from 592 patients with suspected myocardial infarction. The main and obligate finding was that in the 89 patients with verified infarction the fraction of MB-activity related to the total creatine kinase activity lay between 4 and 25%. In 72 patients diagnosed as not-having an infarction this fraction tended to lie below 4%. However, false positives frequently occurred within the lower total creatine kinase activity range.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1993

Cardiovascular risk factors: interactive effects of lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis.

In western societies cardiovascular disease accounts for approximately one of every three deaths, and is a major contributor to chronic debiliation. During the last years our knowledge of factors that contribute to the development and progression of this disease has increased markedly. Elevated serum total cholesterol, hypertension and cigarette smoking are "traditional", well-known risk factors. In addition, low serum levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol predispose to development of disease, whereas in epidemiological studies the role of increased triglycerides is more controversial. During the last years derangements in several haemostatic components in persons who develop cardiovascular disease have been observed. Such alterations include increased plasma concentrations of fibrinogen, Factor VII coagulant activity and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Furthermore, interactions between lipoproteins and haemostatic factors are gradually being disclosed. Serum triglycerides have been shown to correlate both to PAI-1 and to Factor VII. The lipoprotein (a), first described by Berg in 1963, also appears to be a link between lipoprotein metabolism and fibrinolytic function. In addition, linkages are observed between high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, reduced glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, low physical activity, reduced fibrinolytic capacity and increased Factor VII. This clustering of risk factors has been suggested to be a coronary risk syndrome and has been called Reavens syndrome, syndrome X and insulin-resistance syndrome. A more descriptive name, athero-thrombogenic syndrome (ATS), has recently been suggested, thereby indicating that both atherosclerosis and thrombosis contribute to its development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of doxazosin on blood pressure, lipids, fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor. A comparative study among smokers and non-smokers with essential hypertension].

Hypertensive cigarette smokers run particularly high risk of coronary heart disease. Doxazosin, which has beneficial effects on haemodynamic factors and lipid metabolism, may be a suitable agent for treating these patients. The effects on blood pressure and metabolic parameters were investigated in a 16-week, open, parallel, comparative study comprising 64 heavy cigarette smokers and 69 non-smokers who received doxazosin after four weeks on placebo. Eight patients (three smokers and five non-smokers) dropped out due to adverse effects. Blood pressure was significantly reduced in both groups, but there was no change in heart rate. Doxazosin induced a decrease in the triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and an increase in HDL-cholesterol concentration. Thus, doxazosin has favourable effects on atherogenic factors in smoking hypertensive patients. There was also a significant lowering of plasma fibrinogen levels and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) concentration in non-smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A comparison between haematological parameters in 'capillary' and venous blood samples from hospitalized children aged 3 months to 14 years.

In 16 hospitalized children aged 3 months to 14 years EDTA-blood samples were taken simultaneously from an anticubital vein and from a finger tip. Haematological measurements were subsequently performed in an Ortho ELT 800/WS analyzer. The thrombocyte count and the red cell indices were nearly identical in the two sets of samples. The 'capillary' erythrocyte count, haematocrit and haemoglobin values exceeded those of venous blood by 2%, and the mean 'capillary' total leukocyte count by about 20%. The relative frequency of lymphocytes, granulocytes and mononuclear cells did not alter between the two sets of samples. The significant differences demonstrated may in certain clinical settings be of medical importance. Their possible explanations are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Selective alpha 1 inhibition with doxazosin in hypertensive smokers and non-smokers: haemodynamic and metabolic effects.

Hypertensive cigarette smokers have an especially high risk of coronary heart disease. Doxazosin, which has beneficial effects on haemodynamic factors and lipid metabolism, may be suitable for treating these patients. The haemodynamic and metabolic effects of doxazosin were investigated in a 16-week open, parallel, comparative study of 64 heavy cigarette smokers and 69 non-smokers after a 4-week placebo period. Of the 133 patients who entered, six patients (one smoker and five non-smokers) withdrew due to adverse events. Doxazosin significantly reduced blood pressure without reflex tachycardia in both the smokers and the non-smokers. The therapeutic success rates (reduction in sitting diastolic blood pressure to less than or equal to 90 mmHg and greater than or equal to 5 mmHg reduction, or greater than or equal to 10 mmHg reduction from baseline) were similar for the smokers (93.3%) and the non-smokers (92.5%). Doxazosin significantly decreased total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, but increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the HDL:total cholesterol ratio in both smokers and non-smokers. Doxazosin corrected the reduction in HDL cholesterol caused by smoking; compared with baseline, doxazosin increased HDL cholesterol by 19% in hypertensive smokers. The beneficial effects of doxazosin on blood pressure and the lipid profile were apparent in the change in the 10-year probability of developing coronary heart disease as calculated by the Framingham equation; the calculated risk of coronary heart disease decreased by 39% in smokers and by 33% in non-smokers. Plasma fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor, which independently contribute to atherosclerosis, were significantly reduced by doxazosin in the non-smokers but not in the smokers.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Long-term effects of doxazosin and atenolol on serum lipids and blood pressure in hypertensive smokers.

On the basis of a 1-year double-blind comparative study of doxazosin and atenolol in hypertensive patients, we have previously described sustained and significantly different drug effects on the blood lipid profile. The present paper presents a retrospective analysis of the smoking subgroups for each drug regimen, for both the original 12-month double-blind period and for a further 12-month open-label period. The changes in blood lipids were qualitatively and quantitatively similar in both the smoking subgroup and in the full study population (smokers and non-smokers). In the hypertensive smokers doxazosin increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (+9.4%) and decreased triglycerides (-10.9%) whereas atenolol had the opposite effect, decreasing HDL cholesterol (-5.6%) and increasing triglycerides (+20.7%). The antihypertensive effects of doxazosin (n = 24) and atenolol (n = 23) were comparable over 24 months of treatment. Eighteen (75%) doxazosin and 17 (73.9%) atenolol patients reached the blood pressure goal (sitting diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mmHg with at least a 5-mmHg reduction, or a greater than or equal to 10-mmHg reduction from baseline). As a consequence of the lowered blood pressure and favourable lipid changes, doxazosin decreased the risk of coronary heart disease (as calculated from the Framingham risk equation) by -24.4% (P less than 0.05). However, the calculated risk was not significantly reduced by atenolol (-2.1%). It is concluded that the smoking status of the patient has no obvious implications for the safety, efficacy or metabolic effects of doxazosin.

Adolescent↗