PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L N Pylev

Publications and source records attributed to L N Pylev.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Biological activity of synthetic amphibole asbestos.

The carcinogenic and fibrogenic activity of four samples of synthetic amphibole asbestos with different chemical structure was examined in white rats. Pleural mesotheliomas were found: in 11 out of 27 rats (37.8%) treated with magnesium asbestos; in 4 out of 24 animals (6.7%) for nickel asbestos; 13 out of 22 (59.1%) for cobalt asbestos; and in the experiment with asbestos where germanium was substituted for silicon pleural mesotheliomas were observed in 2 out of 55 rats (3.6%). No tumours of this kind were found in the control group. As revealed by the study results, all the examined samples of synthetic amphibole asbestos exhibited carcinogenic potentials. Correlation between the carcinogenic and fibrogenic activity could also be observed. The replacement of silicon with germanium produced considerable decrease in the carcinogenic and fibrogenic potentials of asbestos.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The sodium selenite inhibition of asbestos-induced carcinogenesis in Wistar rats].

Sodium selenite given in drinking water in a 4 ppm solution during the whole experiment was found to significantly inhibit pleural carcinogenesis induced in Wistar rats by intrapleural injection of chrysotile-asbestos powder (20 mg three times, monthly, in 0.5 ml of physiologic saline). Mesothelioma of the pleura was induced in 20.5%. However, chrysotile alone induced tumor in 43.8%. Sodium selenite failed to influence carcinogenesis in other sites. Possible mechanisms of sodium selenite action are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Examination of the potential mutagenicity and genotoxicity of some synthetic dyes.

The study was designed to investigate mutagenic and genotoxic properties of six synthetic dyes (Acid Green M, Acid Brown ZMSz, Acid Brown MSzCz, Anionic Black M, Anionic Brown ZM, Anionic Deep Red SM) obtained from All-Union Cancer Research Centre (AUCRC) in Moscow. To study mutagenicity and genotoxicity two short-term tests--Salmonella/microsome test using four strains of Salmonella-typhimurium TA97a, TA98, TA 100, TA102 and micronuclear test on mice were performed. The bacterial test was carried out with and without S9 mix fraction. The micronuclear test was conducted on mice Balb C with doses equal to 40 and 80% LD50 for male and 80% for female mice. Two of the studied dyes (Acid Green M. Anionic Brown ZM) proved to be direct and one (Anionic Deep Dark SM) indirect mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome assay. None of the studied compounds revealed a gentoxic activity in the micronucleus test. However, it was found that four dyes (Acid Brown ZMSz, Acid Brown MSzCz, Anionic Brown ZM and Anionic Deep Red SM) cause a significant decrease in the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of mice, which means that at doses used in the experiment they are toxic to erythrocyte series cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Industrial aerosols and the prevention of oncologic diseases in the foundries of nickel-processing plants].

On the basis of hygienic studies in foundries of nickel plants conditions for and character of the formation of industrial aerosols, their physico-chemical properties are studied. The data obtained indicate significant pollution in the occupational areas with ++nickel-containing aerosols. High carcinogenic risk has been shown to characterize the foundries. A dependence of workers' mortality due to malignant tumours on nickel and its compounds content in the air of occupational area has been shown. A complex of health-improving measures aimed at reducing oncological morbidity of workers in foundries of nickel plants is presented. A priority significance is attributed to application of new technological processes in production.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Carcinogenic properties of silicon carbide whiskers].

In experiments with intrapleural injections of silicon carbide whiskers (20 mg X 3, with one month interval) to random-inbred rats their carcinogenic activity close to that of chrysotile B UICC has been established. The pleural mesotheliomas were induced in 47.7 and 34.1% of rats, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Carcinogenic activity of synthetic chrysotile asbestos with various fiber sizes and chemical composition].

Synthetic Mg-chrysotiles (analogous to natural ones by chemical composition) with fine short, thick short and fine long fibres under intrapleural injections (20 mg thrice) induced mesotheliomas in noninbred rats in 3.3, 0 and 12% of rats, respectively. Ni- and Co-chrysotiles with fine and short fibres caused such tumours in 7.6 and 30.2%, Co-chrysotile with plate-like fibres induced tumours in 26.8%. The role of chemical structure and particle sizes have been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Carcinogenicity of zeolite-phillipsite].

Phillipsite dust was intrapleurally administered to random-bred rats by 20 mg in 0.5 ml of saline three times with an interval of a month. Higher incidence of hemoblastoses has been experimentally found in exposed animals compared to the control ones. One rat developed pleural mesothelioma, two rats lung adenocarcinoma. It was concluded that phillipsite has weak carcinogenic activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Determination of potential carcinogenicity of nickel-containing dust using a micronuclear test].

Mutagenic activity of 3 samples of nickel-containing dusts was experimentally studied in white random-bred rats. Quantity of micronuclei in polychromatophilic erythrocytes of bone marrow smear depended on nickel dust content. Micronuclear test could be used as a rapid method for the determination of potential carcinogenic activity of polymetallic nickel-containing dusts and also as a factor confirming oncologic hazard of chemical substances combined with epidemiologic studies and chronic experiment on animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Mutagenicity and harmful effects of anthraquinone dyes on DNA].

By means of the Eims test it was shown that 4 of 8 anthraquinone dyes had low mutagenicity and that of 3 dyes was doubtful. Damaging effect on DNA (alkaline elution test) was not detected. The test of sister chromatids' metabolism in mice bone marrow revealed no mutagenicity in any substance. During the Eims tests alizarin acidic blue had no activity and there were also no dominant lethal mutations but it was active during micronuclear test.

Animals↗