Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L N Vinogradova.
We are introduced the dates on an elemental compositional and physiochemical parameters of oil Silybum Marianum. In this assay we compare oil Silybum Varianum with the most widespread food oils. Presented perspectives of usage oil Silymum Marianym as the food and medical oil.
The outcomes, obtained in experiment, testify about high reparative ability of a natursilum. Natursilum has growth efficiency of conventional treatment of an ulcer of a stomach and duodenal intestine patients both on end results, and on terms of an adhesion increases. Is rotined, that natursilum has more expressed antiulcerous effect, than oil of hippopheae. The transendoscopy spraying of an ulcerative defect has not advantages before application of a drug inside. The specificity of a natursilum structure determines character of effect on exchange processes.
Multi-level system of defense mechanisms is studied in 206 normal subjects living in an ecologically unfavorable region and working at chemical plants. Control group consisted of 24 subjects living in en ecologically safe region. The content of total protein and albumin and its effective and binding capacity were decreased, while the content of medium molecular weight peptides increased in the blood of subjects exposed to technogenic environmental pollution. The detected shifts are regarded as a mechanism of development of chronic fatigue syndrome.
Influence of bioactive additions from natural vegetable raw materials--silybum marianum--in the content of bread products on health and metabolism was studied. It is shown bread products with silybum marianum to be effective medicine with general restorative influence, increasing internal protection resources, capacity for work and vital activity.
Various forms of plivasept, an agent produced by Pliva (Croatia), were studied in the laboratory and clinic and found to be highly effective. For the prevention of intrahospital infections the use of 0.02% and 0.05% water solutions of plivasept without PAV is advisable as an antiseptec for inyracavitary administration, 0.05% water solution of plivasept for disinfection of surfaces and equipment, 0.5% alcohol plivasept solution for disinfection of instruments, a plivasept tincture for surgical treatment of the skin on the hands and the injection and operative fields, and foam-forming plivasept for hygienic treatment of the hands.
The data on the use of ofloxacin in more than 300 surgical patients for the last 10 years were analyzed. The results showed that despite the wide clinical use of ofloxacin in the prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative complications the drug remained highly active against the predominating majority of microbes causing surgical infections. Therefore, the broad spectrum, high bactericidal activity and optimal pharmacokinetics with the high biovailability at the level of 95 to 100 per cent provided the use of ofloxacin as a highly efficient agent in the treatment of postoperative infectious complications in surgical inpatients.
The efficacy of disinfectants and sterilizers made by Schulcke and Mayer (Germany), such as lysetol AF, gigasept FF, and TPH 5225 was studied in the laboratory and clinical settings. Their high activity was revealed when the agents were used in the clinical settings: lysetol for disinfection and presterilization cleansing of tools and medical equipment, gigasept FF for disinfection and sterilization of fine tools, endoscopic instruments in particular, TPH 5225 for disinfection of the surfaces of environmental objects under clinical conditions.
Due to changes of humoral immunity, patients with rheumatic heart disease present, even before the operation, a high-risk group with regard to the development of infectious complications. Contamination of intraoperative material was revealed in 61.7% of cases during the operation. Extracorporeal circulation increases the cefotaxime half-life period which is in direct proportional dependence of the period of time between the beginning of the administration of the agent and the beginning of extracorporeal circulation. Immunocorrection by means of myelopid in the early postoperative period accelerates restoration of cellular and humoral immunity, and reduces the frequency of pneumonia occurrence and suppuration of the postoperative wound. Therefore, the prevention of infectious complications after operations on an open heart should be complex and should include broad-spectrum antibiotics and immunocorrective therapy.
The results of the clinical trials of cefoperazone (cefobid, Pfizer, USA), a 3rd generation cephalosporin, carried out at the Research Centre of Surgery are presented. The antibiotic was used to treat and prevent postoperative infections in 44 patients. Good and satisfactory results were observed in 43 out of the 44 patients (99.9 per cent). Antimicrobial activity of cefoperazone against 182 bacterial strains isolated from the patients was assayed and compared with that of other cephalosporins i.e. cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime. The cefoperazone pharmacokinetics was studied in the patients with normal renal functions after surgical operations on the organs of the chest and abdominal cavity. The antibiotic was shown useful in the monotherapy of mixed infections involving anaerobic pathogens.
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The utilization of ethyl alcohol in the myocardium and the reactions connected with its metabolism were investigated in rabbits which were given over a period of two months a 30% ethanol solution per os in a dosage of 1 g/kg body weight, and in a control group. Alcohol intoxication led to a reduction of the reserve of oxidized nicotinamide coenzymes, to an intensification of glycolytic processes, to slowed down utilization of substrates in the citric acid cycle and to an accumulation of less-oxidized metabolism products (dihydroxyacetone phosphate, lactate, pyruvate, malate, oxaloacetate, 2-oxoglutarate). A change was also observed in the myocardial microstructure. Metabolic changes are evidently one of the links of the pathogenetic mechanism of alcohol intoxication, which cause disorders in cardiac activity diagnosed as alcoholic myocardial dystrophy.
The paper deals with characterization of systems utilizing ethanol and reactions conjugated with its exchange in the brain tissue under chronic alcohol intoxication. The following is established: the absence of the alcoholdehydrogenase pathway of ethanol oxidation in rabbits, unbalanced splitting of carbohydrates under two-months ethanol load, disturbance of oxidative processes in the tricarboxylic acids cycle, a decrease in the pool of oxidized nicotin amide coenzymes.
Cephaloridin (ceporin of "Pliva", Yugoslavia) was used in the treatment of patients after allotransplantation of the kidney from a cadaver during the early postoperative period with a purpose of prevention (5 patients) and therapy of complications, such as pneumonia (7 patients), sepsis (3 patients), pyelonephritis of the transplanted kidney (4 patients). The drug levels in the blood serum and urine were determined 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours after the administration. The drug was used with regard for the transplant function estimated by the data of the glomerular filtration and concentration of the nitrous residues in the blood. The antibiotic dose depended on the transplant function. The study provided some recommendations as for the ceporin use in therapy of such population of patients.
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The studies were carried out on 50 persons. Ampicillin was administered with the help of a jet injector B1-2 and needle syringe in doses of 250 or 500 and 500 mg respectively. When the drug was administered by infusion, its maximum blood levels were achieved earlier than after needle-syringe administration of the drug and were higher (22.83+/-4.10 and 6.3+/-0.09 gamma/ml respectively). Even when ampicillin was administered with the help of the injector in a dose of 250 mg its blood levels were much higher than those after needle-syringe administration in a dose of 500 mg. After jet infusion the prolongation of the drug retention time in the blood at therapeutical levels was observed as compared to the needle-syringe administration.
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